The Pancreas An Integrated Textbook of Basic Science, Medicine, and Surgery

The newest edition of the essential guide to pancreatic medicine

The fourth edition of The Pancreas: An Integrated Textbook of Basic Science, Medicine, and Surgery integrates the cutting-edge research of recent years to update its presentation of this fast-growing subject. It details every known disorder of the pancreas, grounding them in a thorough understanding of pancreatic function, enhanced with high quality illustration and graphs. It also includes step-by-step guidance for relevant endoscopic techniques and surgical procedures.

The Pancreas readers will also find:

• New comprehensive insights into three pancreatic diseases: autoimmune pancreatitis, cystic neoplasms, and neuroendocrine tumors
• An editorial team with decades of clinical and research experience in the US, Europe, and Asia
• Over 500 downloadable illustrations for use in scientific presentations

The Pancreas is a foundational reference for clinicians and researchers in gastroenterology and gastrointestinal surgery.

Hans G. Beger, MD , Professor Emeritus of Surgery, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.

Markus W. Büchler, MD , Professor and Chair, Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.

Ralph H. Hruban, MD , Baxley Professor and Director, Department of Pathology and Director of the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.

Julia Mayerle, MD, Professor of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Director Chair Department of Medicine II, LMU Klinikum, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany

John P. Neoptolemos, MD , Professor of Surgery Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.

Tooru Shimosegawa, MD, PhD , Professor Emeritus Department of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.

Andrew L. Warshaw, MD , W. Gerald Austen Distinguished Professor of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, and Surgeon-in-Chief Emeritus, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA.

David C. Whitcomb, MD, PhD Professor of Medicine, Cell Biology & Physiology, and Human Genetics, and Director UPMC Precision Medicine Service, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh and UPMC, Pennsylvania, USA.

Yupei Zhao, MD, Professor of Surgery, Director Emeritus Department of Gernal General Surgery Beijing Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing University, Beijing, P.R. China.

Section 1 Anatomy of the Pancreas

1              Development of the Pancreas and Related Structures

Brian Lewis and Junhao Mao

2              Anatomy, Histology, and Fine Structure of the Pancreas

Daniel S. Longnecker and Elizabeth D. Thompson

3              Congenital and Inherited Anomalies of the Pancreas

Heiko Witt and Martin Zenker

Section 2 Physiology and Pathophysiology of Pancreatic Functions

4              Physiology of Acinar Cell Secretion          

Ole H. Petersen

5              Physiology of Duct Cell Secretion

Wei-Yin Lin, Paramita Sarkar, and Shmuel Muallem

6              Physiology and Pathophysiology of Function of Sphincter of Oddi

Savio George Barreto and James Toouli

7              Neurohormonal and Hormonal Control of Pancreatic Secretion

Chung Owyang and Matthew J. DiMagno

8              Regulation of Pancreatic Protein Synthesis and Growth

Maria Dolors Sans and John A. Williams

9              Fibrogenesis in the Pancreas: The Role of Pancreatic Stellate Cells

Minoti V. Apte, Romano C. Pirola, and Jeremy S. Wilson

10           Pancreatic Endocrine–Exocrine Relationship

Kenichiro Furuyama and Yoshiya Kawaguchi

Section 3 Acute Pancreatitis

11           Epidemiology and Etiology of Alcohol-Induced Pancreatitis

Jeremy S. Wilson, Romano C. Pirola, and Minoti V. Apte

12           Epidemiology and Etiology of Biliary Acute Pancreatitis

Ippei Ikoma, Ko Tomishima, and Hiroyuki Isayama

13           Genetic Factors in Acute Pancreatitis

Mitchell L. Ramsey and Georgios I. Papachristou

14           The Role of the Intestine and Mesenteric Lymph in the Development of Organ Dysfunction in Severe Acute Pancreatitis

Alistair B.J. Escott, Anthony R.J. Phillips, and John A. Windsor

15           The Role of Neurogenic Inflammation in Pancreatitis

Metrah Mohammad Nader and Jami L. Saloman

16           Molecular, Biochemical, and Metabolic Abnormalities of Acute Pancreatitis

Ujjwal M. Mahajan, F. Ulrich Weiss, Markus M. Lerch, and Julia Mayerle

17           Histopathology of Acute Pancreatitis

Günter Klöppel

18           Severity Classification of Acute Pancreatitis

John A. Windsor

19           Clinical Assessment and Biochemical Markers to Objectify Severity and Prognosis

Bettina M. Rau and Claus Schäfer

20           Acute Pancreatitis Associated with Congenital Anomalies

Charlotte S. Austin, Christopher R. Schlieve, Andrew L. Warshaw, and Tracy C. Grikscheit 

21           Acute Pancreatitis in Children

Mark E. Lowe and Véronique D. Morinville

22           Acute Pancreatitis Associated with Metabolic, Infections, and Drug-Related Diseases

Ali A. Aghdassi, Mats L. Wiese, Quang Trung Tran, and Markus M. Lerch

23           Radiologic Diagnosis and Staging of Severe Acute Pancreatitis

Yoshihisa Tsuji

24           Conservative Therapy of Acute Pancreatitis: Volume Substitution and Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition

Steven M. Hadley and Timothy B. Gardner

25           ICU Treatment of Severe Acute Pancreatitis

Scott R. Gunn and David C. Whitcomb

26           Clinical Course and Medical Treatment of Acute Pancreatitis—Use of Antibiotics in Severe Acute Pancreatitis: Indications and Limitations

Rainer Isenmann and Mathias Wittau

27           Indications for Interventional and Surgical Treatment of Necrotizing Pancreatitis

Lily V. Saadat and Thomas E. Clancy

28           Management of Infected Necrosis: Step-Up Approach

Hester C. Timmerhuis, Marc G. Besselink, and Hjalmar C. van Santvoort

29           Management of Infected Pancreatic Necroses: An Endoscopic Approach

Todd Huntley Baron

30           Minimally Invasive Debridement and Lavage of Necrotizing Pancreatitis

Kulbir Mann and Michael G.T. Raraty

31           Open Surgical Debridement of Necrotizing Pancreatitis: Late Postoperative Morbidity and Outcome

Dongya Huang, Zipeng Lu, and Yi Miao

32           Endoscopic Treatment of Biliary Acute Pancreatitis

Ichiro Yasuda, Tsuyoshi Mukai, and Toru Ito

33           Strategies for the Treatment of Pancreatic Pseudocysts and Walled-Off Necrosis After Acute Pancreatitis: Interventional Endoscopic Approaches

Georg Beyer and Julia Mayerle

34           Pseudocysts and Walled-Off Necrosis After Acute Pancreatitis: Surgical Approach

Naohiro Sata, Masaru Koizumi, and Alan Kawarai Lefor

35           Management of Fluid Collection in Acute Pancreatitis

Georg Beyer, Simon Sirtl, Christoph Ammer-Herrmenau, and Albrecht Neesse

36           Management of Pancreatic Fistula in Acute Pancreatitis

Marta Sandini, Thilo Hackert, and Markus W. Büchler 

37           Long-Term Outcome After Treatment of Acute Pancreatitis

Christin Tjaden and Thilo Hackert

Section 4 Chronic Pancreatitis

38           Definition and Classification of Chronic Pancreatitis

David C. Whitcomb

39           Molecular Understanding of Chronic Pancreatitis

Bomi Lee, Monique T. Barakat, and Sohail Z. Husain

40           Natural History of Recurrent Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis

Rohit Das, Jorge D. Machicado, and Dhiraj Yadav

41           Pediatric Recurrent Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis: Role of Pancreas Divisum

Jiri Snajdauf, Michal Rygl, Barbora Kucerova, and Natalia Petrasova

42           Clinical and Laboratory Diagnosis of Chronic Pancreatitis

Georg Beyer, Markus M. Lerch, and Julia Mayerle

43           Abdominal Imaging for the Diagnosis of Chronic Pancreatitis

Atsushi Irisawa and Akira Yamamiya

44           Endoscopic Ultrasound for Diagnosis of Chronic Pancreatitis Versus Pancreatic Cancer

J. Enrique Domínguez-Muñoz, Julio Iglesias-García, José Lariño-Noia, and Daniel de la Iglesia-García

45           Hereditary Pancreatitis and Complex Genetic Causes

Celeste Shelton Ohlsen and David C. Whitcomb

46           Epidemiology and Pathophysiology of Tropical Chronic Pancreatitis

Shailesh V. Shrikhande and Savio G. Barreto

47           CFTR-Associated Pancreatic Disease

Chee Y. Ooi and Aliye Uc

48           Alcohol and Smoking in Chronic Pancreatitis

Atsushi Masamune, Kazuhiro Kikuta, and Kiyoshi Kume

49           Idiopathic and Rare Causes of Chronic Pancreatitis

Morihisa Hirota and Tooru Shimosegawa

50           Early Chronic Pancreatitis

Kazuhiro Kikuta and Atsushi Masamune

51           Chronic Pancreatitis with Inflammatory Mass in the Pancreatic Head

Ulrich F. Wellner, Kim C. Honselmann, and Tobias Keck

52           Structural Complications: Strictures, Stones, Pseudocysts, and Vascular Complications

Xiaodong Tian, Xiaochao Guo, and Yinmo Yang

53           Nutritional Evaluation and Support: An Overview

Sinead N. Duggan and Stephen J. O’Keefe

54           Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency

Chris E. Forsmark

55           Bone Disease in Chronic Pancreatitis

Sinead N. Duggan

56           Diabetes from Exocrine Pancreatic Disease

Nao Fujimori, Tetsuhide Ito, and Yoshihiro Ogawa

57           Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Chronic Pancreatitis

Soumya Jagannath Mahapatra and Pramod Kumar Garg

58           Pain Mechanisms in Chronic Pancreatitis

Pierluigi Di Sebastiano, Fabio Francesco di Mola, Tommaso Grottola, and Rossana Percario

59           Pain Management in Chronic Pancreatitis

Louise Kuhlmann, Søren S. Olesen, and Asbjørn M. Drewes

60           Adjunctive Therapy in Chronic Pancreatitis

Anna Evans Phillips

61           Pancreatic Cancer Risks in Chronic Pancreatitis

Patrick Maisonneuve and Albert B. Lowenfels

62           Evidence of Endoscopic and Interventional Treatment of Chronic Pancreatitis and

Pseudocysts

Jörg Schirra, Simon Sirtl, Markus M. Lerch, and Julia Mayerle

63           Major Pancreatic Resection for Chronic Pancreatitis: Indication, Goals, and Limitations

Faik G. Uzunoglu and Jakob R. Izbicki

64           Pancreatic Drainage Procedures: Techniques and Results

Ulrich F. Wellner, Dirk Bausch, and Tobias Keck

65           Duodenum-Preserving Pancreatic Head Resections for Chronic Pancreatitis: Techniques and Results

Hans G. Beger, Bertram Poch, Yang Yinmo, and Waldemar Uhl

66           Total Pancreatectomy with Islet Autotransplantation

Greg Beilman, Zachary Bergman, and Melana Bellin

67           Minimally Invasive Surgical Management of Chronic Pancreatitis

Gilbert Z. Murimwa1, Matthew R. Porembka1, and Herbert J. Zeh III

Section 5 Autoimmune Pancreatitis

68           Epidemiology of Autoimmune Pancreatitis

Terumi Kamisawa

69           Molecular Immunology and Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Pancreatitis

Yoh Zen

70           Clinical Manifestation of Type 1 Autoimmune Pancreatitis

Tooru Shimosegawa

71           Clinical Manifestation of Type 2 Autoimmune Pancreatitis

Nicolò de Pretis and Luca Frulloni

72           Clinical Diagnostic Criteria for Autoimmune Pancreatitis

Tooru Shimosegawa

73           Laboratory Diagnosis of Autoimmune Pancreatitis

J.-Matthias Löhr and Miroslav Vujasinovic

74           What Is the Evidence Measuring Immune Markers

Shigeyuki Kawa, Takayuki Watanabe, and Norihiro Ashihara

75           Autoimmune Pancreatitis and IgG4-Related Disease

Kazuichi Okazaki, Tsukasa Ikeura, and Kazushige Uchida

76           Imaging Diagnosis of Autoimmune Pancreatitis

Kazuichi Okazaki, Makoto Takaoka, Tsukasa Ikeura, and Kazushige Uchida

77           Medical Management of Autoimmune Pancreatitis

Shounak Majumder and Suresh T. Chari

78           Management of Intractable Autoimmune Pancreatitis

Shounak Majumder and Suresh T. Chari

79           Long-Term Outcome After Treatment of Autoimmune Pancreatitis

Luca Frulloni and Nicolò de Pretis

Section 6 Neoplastic Tumors of the Exocrine Tissue: Benign Cystic Neoplasms of the Pancreas

80           Epidemiology of Cystic Neoplasms of the Pancreas

Shounak Majumder and Suresh T. Chari

81           Histologic Classification and Staging of Cystic Neoplasm

Noriyoshi Fukushima and Giuseppe Zamboni

82           Molecular Mechanisms of Cystic Neoplasia

Nickolas Papadopoulos and Ralph H. Hruban

83           Clinical Presentation of Pancreatic Cystic Neoplasms

Masao Tanaka

84           Evaluation of Cystic Lesions Using EUS, MRI, and CT

Anne Marie Lennon and Atif Zaheer

85           Cytologic Evaluation of Cystic Neoplasm: The Role of Liquid Biopsy

Abdulwahab Ewaz and Michelle D. Reid

86           Natural History of Cystic Neoplasm: IPMN, MCN, SCN, and SPN

Rosa Klotz, Thilo Hackert, and Markus W. Büchler

87           Surveillance or Surgical Treatment in Asymptomatic Cystic Neoplasm

Klaus Sahora and Carlos Fernández-del Castillo

88           Artificial Intelligence in the Detection and Surveillance of Cystic Neoplasms

Linda C. Chu and Elliot K Fishman

89           Oncologic Resection of IPMN and MCN: Open Approach—Results

Marco Del Chiaro, Michael J. Kirsch, and Richard D. Schulick

90           Surgical Treatment of Cystic Neoplasms: Laparoscopic and Robotic Approach—Results

Benedict Kinny-Köster, Christopher L. Wolfgang, Markus W. Büchler, and Thilo Hackert

91           Robotic-Assisted Resection of Cystic Neoplasms

Kimberly Kopecky and Jin He

92           Duodenum-Preserving Pancreatic Head Resection for Cystic Neoplasms of the Pancreatic Head: Indication and Limitations

Hans G. Beger and Bertram Poch

93           Pancreatic Middle Segment Resection of Cystic Neoplasms: Indications and Limitations

Calogero Iacono and Mario De Bellis

94           Tumor Enucleation for Cystic Neoplasms of the Pancreas: Indications and Limitations

Rachel C. Kim, C. Max Schmidt, and Henry A. Pitt

95           Duodenum-Preserving Pancreatic Head Resection and Local Extirpation of SPTP in Children and Adolescents: Indication and Long-Term Results

Jiri Snajdauf, Michal Rygl, Barbora Kucerova, and Natalia Petrasova

96           Management of Recurrence of Cystic Neoplasms

Anna Nießen, Christopher L. Wolfgang, Thilo Hackert, and Markus W. Büchler

97           Long-Term Outcome After Observation and Surgical Treatment of Cystic Neoplasm: What Is the Evidence?

Roberto Salvia, Giovanni Marchegiani, Giampaolo Perri, and Claudio Bassi

Section 7 Neoplastic Tumors of the Endocrine Pancreas: Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Pancreas

98           Epidemiology and Classification of Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Pancreas

J.J. Mukherjee, Kok O. Lee, and Gregory Kaltsas

99           Pathology of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms

Atsuko Kasajima and Hironobu Sasano

100         Molecular Genetics of Neuroendocrine Tumors

Nickolas Papadopoulos and Ralph H. Hruban

101         What Is the Origin of Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors?

Aurel Perren, Iacovos P. Michael, and Ilaria Marinoni

102         Clinical Manifestation of Endocrine Tumors of the Pancreas

Tetsuhide Ito, Keijiro Ueda, Nao Fujimori, and Robert T. Jensen

103         Evidence of Hormonal, Laboratory, Biochemical, and Instrumental Diagnostics of Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Pancreas

Kok O. Lee, Gregory Kaltsas, and J.J. Mukherjee

104         Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors in Multiple Neoplasia Syndromes

Anja Rinke and Thomas Matthias Gress

105         Non-Functioning Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasm: Diagnosis and Management Principles

Takao Ohtsuka, Yuto Hozaka, and Hiroshi Kurahara

106         Medical and Nucleotide Treatment of Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Pancreas

Marina Tsoli and Gregory Kaltsas

107         Interventional Radiology in the Treatment of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors

Tetsuya Idichi, Hiroshi Kurahara, and Takao Ohtsuka

108         Enucleation of Benign, Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Pancreas

Frank Weber, Andreas Machens, and Henning Dralle

109         Duodenum-Preserving Pancreatic Head Resection or Local Extirpation of Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Pancreas Larger than 2 cm

Takashi Hatori

110         Individualized Surgery for Nonfunctional Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (NF-pNET) <2 cm: Indication, Surgical Principles, and Long-Term Outcome

Charles de Ponthaud, Julien De Martino, and Sébastien Gaujoux

111         Surgical Treatment of Endocrine Tumors: Major Oncologic Resection

Frank Weber, Andreas Machens, and Henning Dralle

112         The Management of Insulinoma

Keijiro Ueda, Nao Fujimori, Robert T. Jensen, and Tetsuhide Ito

113         Evidence of Medical and Surgical Treatment of Gastrinoma

Ryuichiro Doi

114         Rare Neuroendocrine Tumors of Pancreas: Management and Evidence of Surgical Treatment

Ryuichiro Doi

115         Treatment of Neuroendocrine Neoplasia of the Pancreas and Biliary Tract

Andrea Frilling, Ashley K. Clift, and Vito Cicinnati

116         Survival After Treatment of Endocrine Tumors

Zhe Cao and Taiping Zhang

Section 8 Neoplastic Tumors of Exocrine Tissue: Pancreatic Cancer

117         Epidemiology of Pancreatic Cancer

Evelina Mocci and Alison P. Klein

118         Smoking, a Risk for Pancreatic Cancer: Experimental and Clinical Data

Uwe A. Wittel, Bradley R. Hal, and Surinder K. Batra

119         Molecular Understanding of Development of Ductal Pancreatic Cancer

Jae W. Lee, Ralph H. Hruban, and Laura D. Wood

120         From Tissue Turnover to the Cell of Origin of Pancreatic Cancer

Bo Kong, Eva Thoma, and Christoph W. Michalski

121         Microbiome of Pancreatic Cancer: Involvement in Cancer Development and Chemo-/Immunotherapy

Xianjun Yu

122         Molecular Subtypes and Clinical Applications

Maarten F. Bijlsma and Peter Bailey

123         Tumor Microenvironment: Immune Cells and Immunosuppressive Functions of Carcinoma-Associated Fibroblasts and Macrophages

Tony Pang, Zhihong Xu, Chamini Perera, and Minoti V. Apte

124         Familial Pancreatic Cancer

Alison P. Klein

125         Pathology of Exocrine Pancreatic Tumors

Meredith E. Pittman and Ralph H. Hruban

126         Pancreatic Cancer: Precancerous Lesions

Michael J. Pflüger, Michaël Noë, and Lodewijk A.A. Brosens

127         Clinical History and Risk Factors of Pancreatic Cancer 

Norbert Hüser, Volker Aßfalg, and Helmut Friess

128         The Role of Endoscopic Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis of Neoplastic Lesions

Yoshiki Hirooka, Senju Hashimoto, and Eizaburo Ohno

129         Radiologic Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer: CT, MRI

Hannah S. Recht and Elliot K. Fishman

130         Screening of Hereditary Pancreatic Cancer

Michael Goggins

131         The Role of PET in Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer and Cancer Recurrence

Norbert Hüser, Volker Aßfalg, Isabel Rauscher, and Helmut Friess

132         Tumor Markers in Pancreatic Malignancies

Shin Hamada and Atsushi Masamune

133         The Role of Laparoscopy and Peritoneal Cytology in the Management of Pancreatic Cancer

Yosuke Kasai, Kyoichi Takaori, and Etsuro Hatano

134         Clinical Assessment and Staging of Advanced Pancreatic Cancer

James M. Lindberg, Giles F. Whalen, and Jennifer LaFemina

135         Pancreatic Cancer: Indications for Resection

Akimasa Nakao and Suguru Yamada

136         Pancreatoduodenectomy for Pancreatic Cancer, Short and Long-Term Outcome After Kausch-Whipple and Pylorus-Preserving Pancreatoduodenectomy

Benedict Kinny-Köster, John L. Cameron, and Jin He

137         Left Pancreatectomy for Body and Tail Cancer

Jony van Hilst, Mohammad Abu Hilal, and Marc Besselink

138         Total Pancreatectomy: Indication and Limitations

Seiko Hirono and Hiroki Yamaue

139         Minimally Invasive Resection for Pancreatic Cancer

Patricio M. Polanco, Imad Radi, and Herbert J. Zeh

140         Robotic Resection for Pancreatic Cancer

Renyi Qin

141         Extended Radical Surgery for Pancreatic Cancer

Thilo Hackert, Anna Nießen, and Markus W. Büchler

142         Palliative Pancreatic Resection: Is it Justified?

Kira C. Steinkraus, Max Heckler, Christoph W. Michalski, and Felix J. Hüttner

143         Outcome of Patients after R0 Resection for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer – Combined with Hepatic Metastasectomy: Indication and Limitations

Tingbo Liang

144         Bypass Surgery for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer

Eva Thoma, Thilo Hackert, Christoph W. Michalski, and Felix J. Hüttner

145         Endoscopic and Interventional Palliation of Pancreatic Cancer

Kazumasa Nagai and Takao Itoi

146         Neoadjuvant Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer: Evidence for Treatment Effect

Robert A. Wolff

147         Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: Does the Addition of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Lead to a Significant Survival Improvement after R0 Resection?

Marco Del Chiaro, Michael J. Kirsch, and Richard D. Schulick

148         Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Pancreatic Cancer: First-Line and Second-Line Treatment—Benefits of Survival

Kulbir Mann, Robert P. Jones, Paula Ghaneh, and John P. Neoptolemos

149         Role of Radiation Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer

Baho U. Sidiqi, Abhinav V. Reddy, Joseph M. Herman, and Amol K. Narang

150         Immunotherapy for Pancreatic Cancer: Check-Point Blockade and Vaccine Therapy

Arsen Osipov, Adrian G. Murphy, and Lei Zheng

151         Targeted Therapies for Pancreatic Cancer

Anirban Maitra

152         Precision Cancer Medicine

Grace Oh, Surajit Dhara, and Diane Simeone

153         Palliative Chemotherapy for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: Treatment Modalities, Side Effects, and Benefits of Survival

Christoph Springfeld and Thomas Seufferlein

154         Management of Pain in Pancreatic Cancer

Annie W. Hsu, Ayodeji Omosule, and Michael Erdek

155         Management of Cancer Recurrence

Oliver Strobel, Martin Loos, and Markus W. Büchler

156         Survival and Late Morbidity after Resection of Pancreatic Cancer

Avinoam Nevler and Charles J. Yeo

Section 9 Periampullary Cancers and Tumors Other Than Pancreatic Cancer

157         Periampullary Tumors: Clinical Presentation and Diagnostic Strategies

Jon M. Harrison and Keith D. Lillemoe

158         Histology and Genetics of Cancer of the Papilla, Distal Common Bile Duct, and Duodenum

Yue Xue, Michelle D. Reid, and Volkan Adsay

159         Adenoma and Adenocarcinoma of the Ampulla of Vater: Diagnosis and Management

Sahin Coban, Omer Basar, and William R. Brugge

160         Endoscopic Treatment of Adenomas of the Ampulla of Vater: Techniques, Results, Benefits, and Limitations                 

Natsuyo Yamamoto and Hiroyuki Isayama

161         Surgical Treatment of Papillary and Ampullary Tumors: Management and Long-Term Results

Norbert Hüser, Volker Aßfalg, and Helmut Friess

162         Surgical Treatment of Duodenal Cancer

Fuyuhiko Motoi

163         Surgical Treatment of Distal Cholangiocarcinoma

Shunsuke Onoe, Yukihiro Yokoyama, and Tomoki Ebata

164         Adjuvant and Palliative Chemotherapy of Periampullary Cancers

Arachchige D.N.R. Ponweera, Paula Ghaneh, and John P. Neoptolemos

165         Long-Term Survival after Resection of Periampullary Cancer

Hideyuki Yoshitomi, Masayuki Ohtsuka, and Masaru Miyazaki

Section 10 Transplantation of the Pancreas

166         Transplantation of Pancreatic Islets

Joseph Sushil Rao, Melena D. Bellin, and Bernhard J. Hering

167         Transplantation of the Pancreas

Rainer W.G. Gruessner and Angelika C. Gruessner

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