Parliaments as Peacebuilders in

The changing nature of conflict and the increase in intrastate conflict during the 1990s, followed by its slow decline since the turn of the century, have led to changing priorities in the field of conflict resolution. No longer is the international community solely concerned with resolving existing conflicts; it also is managing emerging conflicts to ensure that they do not flare into violent conflict. This book outlines some of the strategies parliaments and parliamentarians can adopt to reduce the incidence of conflict and effectively manage conflict when it does emerge. It is hoped that by developing a better understanding of the nexus between parliament, poverty, and conflict, parliamentarians will be more aware of the array of options open to them as they seek to contribute to conflict management in conflict-affected societies.

Introduction: Parliaments as Peacebuilders	p. 1
The Nexus Among Parliaments, Poverty Reduction, and Conflict Prevention	p. 11
Making Parliament More Representative	p. 27
Management of the 2005 Afghan Parliamentary Elections	p. 41
Advancing Parliament's Legislative Function in Conflict-Affected Societies	p. 47
Creating a Shared Parliament in a Divided Society: Lessons from the Northern Ireland Experience	p. 63
Strengthening Parliamentary Oversight to Prevent Conflict and Reduce Poverty	p. 77
Parliamentary Oversight of Defense in South Africa	p. 93
Social Accountability - Citizens, Civil Society, and the Media Working with Parliament to Prevent Conflict and Reduce Poverty	p. 105
The Role of the Rwandan Parliament in Conflict Prevention	p. 121
Gender Dimensions in Conflict-Affected Countries: Tbe Role of Parliaments	p. 135
Building Capacity to Manage Conflict and Change: Lessons From Thniland	p. 153
Military Intervention in Thai Parliamentarv Democracy	p. 163
Broad Strategies for Parliament to Tackle Conflict and Promote Socioeconomic Equality	p. 173
Macroeconomic Challenges in Post-Conflict Countries and the Role of Parliaments	p. 187
Regional Parliamentary Peacebuilding and Engagement with International Organizations	p. 201
Toward an Active Participation in Foreign Policy - The Role of the Finnish Parliament in International Conflict Prevention and Crisis Management	p. 213
The Finnish Parliament in the 21st Century	p. 225
Conclusion	p. 231
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Parliaments as Peacebuilders in Conflict-Affected Countries

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