Passive Low Energy Cooling of Buildings

A practical sourcebook for building designers, providing comprehensive discussion of the impact of basic architectural choices on cooling efficiency, including the layout and orientation of the structure, window size and shading, exterior color, and even the use of plantings around the site. All major varieties of passive cooling systems are presented, with extensive analysis of performance in different types of buildings and in different climates: ventilation; radiant cooling; evaporative cooling; soil cooling; and cooling of outdoor spaces.

Baruch Givoni is Professor Emeritus of Architecture in the Graduate School of Architecture and Urban Planning at UCLA, and was associated for many years with the Technion in Haifa, and with Ben Gurion University of the Negev in Beer Sheba, both in Israel. Mr. Givoni's classic text Man, Climate, and Architecture is considered the most authoritative volume in the field of building climatology. His career also includes teaching assignments at nearly a dozen universities, as well as hundreds of papers and contributions to scholarly works, lectures, and symposia. Mr. Givoni has assisted the World Health Organization, the World Meteorological Organization, the Israel Ministry of Housing, and numerous governments around the world on passive and solar energy design of structures in hot climates.

Preface

vii

Overview: The Various Passive Cooling Systems and Their Applicability to Different Climates and Building Types

1

(20)

Introduction

1

(4)

Comfort Ventilation

5

(4)

Radiant Cooling

9

(3)

Evaporative Cooling

12

(3)

The Earth as a Cooling Source

15

(1)

Summary: Applicability of the Various Passive Cooling Systems

16

(5)

Minimizing Cooling Needs by Building Design

21

(16)

Building Layout (Shape)

22

(1)

Building's Orientation (Solar and Wind Considerations)

23

(3)

Size of Windows

26

(2)

Shading of Windows

28

(2)

Color of the Envelope

30

(4)

Climatic Impact of Plants Around Buildings

34

(3)

Ventilative Cooling

37

(44)

Comfort Ventilation

38

(1)

Comfort Standards and Ventilation Requirements

38

(3)

Building Design for Natural Ventilation

41

(12)

Noctural Ventilative Cooling

52

(1)

Experimental Studies in Israel on Night Ventilative Cooling

53

(2)

Experimental Study in California on Night Ventilative Cooling

55

(5)

Experimental Formula Predicting the Expected Indoor Maximum Temperature

60

(4)

Climatic Applicability of Nocturnal Ventilative Cooling

64

(2)

Implications of Different Storage Options for Ventilative Cooling

66

(8)

Diurnal Cooling Capacity and Its Computation

74

(7)

Radiant Cooling

81

(50)

Introduction: Overview of Radiant Cooling Options

81

(7)

Heat Transfer Processes in Radiant Cooling

88

(7)

Techniques to Increase the Net Heat Loss

95

(6)

Concepts and Systems Utilizing Radiant Cooling

101

(21)

Summary: Applicability of Radiant Cooling

122

(1)

Appendix: The Ingersoll/Givoni Model of Radiant Cooling

123

(8)

Evaporative Cooling Systems

131

(60)

Introduction

131

(4)

Direct Evaporative Cooling Systems

134

(1)

Mechanical Evaporative Cooling Systems

135

(3)

Homemade Passive Direct Evaporative Cooling Devices

138

(1)

The Cooling Tower of Cunningham and Thompson

139

(4)

Inertial Convective/Evaporative ``Shower'' Cooling Tower

143

(4)

Indirect Evaporative Cooling by Roof Ponds

147

(1)

Introduction to Roof Ponds

147

(2)

Ventilated Roof Ponds with Fixed Insulation

149

(3)

Roof Ponds with Floating Insulation

152

(6)

Insulation Embedded within the Pond

158

(3)

Effect of Building Details and Climate on the Thermal Performance of Buildings Cooled by Roof Ponds

161

(2)

Ground-based Ponds as Cooling Sources for Buildings

163

(3)

Summary of the Design Issues Posed by Cooling Ponds

166

(2)

Appendices

168

(1)

Model of the Cunningham and Thompson Tower

168

(5)

Model of the Inertial ``Shower'' Cooling Tower

173

(7)

Model of Buildings with Ventilated Roof Ponds

180

(11)

The Earth as a Cooling Source for Buildings

191

(48)

The Unmodified Soil Temperature

192

(5)

Cooling the Soil in Summer by Surface Treatments

197

(12)

Options for Utilizing the Cooled Soil

209

(5)

Studies on ``Active'' Cooling by Earth Tubes

214

(4)

Architectural Aspects of Earth-Sheltered Buildings

218

(6)

Storing Winter Cold Underground for Summer Utilization

224

(3)

Mathematical Models of the Natural Soil Temperature

227

(4)

Simplified Model Based on Experimental Studies

231

(8)

Cooling of Attached Outdoor Spaces

239

(20)

Environmental Factors Affecting Comfort in Outdoor Spaces

239

(2)

General Considerations in Cooling Outdoor Spaces

241

(2)

Lowering the Surface Temperature in Shaded Outdoor Spaces

243

(1)

Lowering the Air Temperature in Outdoor Spaces

244

(8)

Discussion of Issues Specific to Adjacent Outdoor Spaces

252

(7)

Index

259

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Passive Low Energy Cooling of Buildings

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

FREE SHIPPING

Rent More, Save More! Use code: BBRENTAL

5% off 1 book, 7% off 2 books, 10% off 3+ books

Passive Low Energy Cooling of Buildings

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Digital License