Pavlov on the Conditional Reflex Papers, 1903-1936

Pavlov's research was foundational to the twentieth-century understanding of physiology and psychology, yet much of his work remains untranslated from the original Russian language. In this book, Olga Yokoyama sets out to translate the third volume of Pavlov's Complete Works, as well as his last unpublished paper. This volume also contains the papers from the sixth edition of Twenty Years of Objective Study of the Higher Nervous Activity of Animals, arguably the most impactful work by the 1904 Nobel Laureate. His concept of the conditional reflex has influenced human thought far beyond physiology, affecting the ways we view not only such practical matters as learning and child-rearing, but philosophical questions of the mind and its relationship to the psyche, creativity, and individual freedom.

This translation is accompanied by three introductory essays which contextualize Pavlov's work from three perspectives: that of Pavlov's text as it was subjected to translation, that of neuropsychological science today, and that of the history of scientific thought and practices.

Olga T. Yokoyama holds a DDS from Tokyo Medical and Dental University, two MAs in Slavic Linguistics from the University of Illinois and Harvard University, and a PhD in Slavic Linguistics from Harvard. She has taught at Harvard University from Assistant to Full Professor, moving to the University of California, Los Angeles in 1995. Currently Yokoyama works as a Distinguished Professor in the Humanities.

Foreword
Acknowledgments
Translating Pavlov (Olga T. Yokoyama)
Pavlov's Continuing Impact (Michael Fanselow)
Reading Pavlov (Daniel P. Todes)
Twenty-Years' Experience in the Objective Study of the Higher Nervous Activity of Animals (1923)
Foreword to the Second Edition
Foreword to the Third Edition
Foreword to the Fourth Edition
Foreword to the Fifth Edition
Foreword to the Sixth Edition
Introduction
Pavlov 1923 edition (chapters I-XXXV)
I. Experimental psychology and psychopathology on animals
II. On the psychic secretion of the salivary glands
III. The first firm steps on the path of new research
IV. The natural science study of so-called psychic activity in higher animals
V. Conditional reflexes in dogs after destruction of various parts of the cerebral hemispheres
VI. On Dr. Gorshkov's cortical taste centers
VII. Some most general points regarding the mechanism of the highest parts of the central nervous system as revealed by the study of the conditional reflexes
VIII. Towards establishing the general characteristic of complex-nervous phenomena
IX. Further steps in the objective analysis of complex-nervous phenomena as contrasted with their subjective understanding
X. General comments on the centers of the cerebral hemispheres
XI. Natural science and the brain
XII. The challenges and operation of a state-of-the-art research laboratory for the normal activity of the highest part of the central nervous system in the higher animals
XIII. About the food center
XIV. The basic rules governing the work of the cerebral hemispheres
XV. The dog with the cerebral skin analyzer destroyed
XVI. The cerebral process of stimuli differentiation
XVII. The principal laws governing central nervous system activity as revealed through conditional reflex research
XVIII. Summary of results of experiments with extirpation of different parts of the cerebral hemispheres: the conditional reflex method
XIX. Internal inhibition as a function of the cerebral hemispheres
XX. Objective research on the highest nervous activity of animals
XXI. The laboratory for research on activity of the central nervous system of higher animals constructed according to plans by Academician I. P. Pavlov and E. A. Ganike, using resources donated by the Kh. S. Ledentsov Society
XXII. Researching the higher nervous activity
XXIII. The special lability of internal inhibition in conditional reflexes
XXIV. The "real physiology" of the brain
XXV. Conditions for the active and restful states of the cerebral hemispheres
XXVI. Data for the physiology of sleep
XXVII. The purpose reflex
XXVIII. An analysis of certain complex reflexes in the dog: the relative strength of the centers and their charge levels
XXIX. Physiology and psychology in the study of the higher nervous activity of animals
XXX. The freedom reflex
XXXI. Psychiatry as a helper for the physiology of the cerebral hemispheres
XXXII. A strictly objective study of all the higher manifestations of animal life
XXXIII. On the so-called animal hypnosis
XXXIV. The normal activity and general constitution of the cerebral hemispheres
XXXV. "Internal inhibition" of the conditional reflexes and sleep are one and the same process
Added to Pavlov 1924 edition (chapters XXXVI-XXXVIII)
XXXVI. The characteristics of the cerebral cortex in terms of changes in the excitability of its various points
XXXVII. Another question to be addressed in the physiology of the cerebral hemispheres
XXXVIII. The latest advances in the objective study of the higher nervous activity of animals
Added to Pavlov 1925 edition (chapter XXXIX)
XXXIX. Relations between excitation and inhibition, delimitation of excitation and inhibition, and experimental neuroses in dogs
Added to Pavlov 1928 edition (chapters XL-XLII)
XL. Healthy and pathological states of the cerebral hemispheres
XLI. The inhibitory type of the dog's nervous system
XLII. Influence of interruptions in the experiments with conditional reflexes in dogs
Added to Pavlov 1932 edition (chapters XLIII-LI)
XLIII. A physiological theory of the types of nervous system, a.k.a. temperaments
XLIV. Some problems in the physiology of the cerebral hemispheres
XLV. A brief sketch of the higher nervous activity
XLVI. A trial excursion of a physiologist into the field of psychiatry
XLVII. On the physiology of the hypnotic state in the dog
XLVIII. On neuroses in humans and animals
XLIX. On the possibility of merging the subjective and the objective
L. The reply of a physiologist to psychologist
LI. Experimental neuroses
Added to Pavlov 1938 edition (chapters LII-LXIII)
LII. An attempt to interpret the symptomatology of hysteria physiologically
LIII. Physiology of the higher nervous activity
LIV. A case of an experimental neurosis and its treatment in the weak type of nervous system
LV. Dynamic stereotypy of the higher part of the brain
LVI. Feelings of possession (les sentiments d'emprise) and the ultra-paradoxical phase
LVII. An attempt at a physiological interpretation of obsessive neurosis and paranoia
LVIII. Shared types of animal and human higher nervous activity
LIX. Experimental pathology of the higher nervous activity
LX. Physiological mechanism of the so-called voluntary movements
LXI. The conditional reflex
LXII. Types of higher nervous activity in relation to neuroses and psychoses, and the physiological mechanism of neurotic and psychotic symptoms
LXIII. On the establishment of a new department at the Leningrad Postgraduate Medical Institute
Added posthumously in the 1951 edition
A. The physiology and pathology of the higher nervous activity
B. The problem of sleep
C. New research on conditional reflexes
Glossary of Pavlovian terms and/or Pavlovian definitions
List of Printed Works by the Author's Colleagues
Additional Sources
Annotated Name Index