Pesticides and Wildlife

This is an examination of the effects of pesticide technology on various species of wildlife. Primary, secondary and tertiary exposure pathways are examined as well as forensic techniques for determining pesticide related mortality in wildlife. Case studies illustrating successful approaches and potential pitfalls in designing both laboratory and field studies are included.

Preface

ix

Introduction to Pesticides and Wildlife

1

(7)

John J. Johnston

Routes of Pesticide Exposure to Wildlife

Bioaccumulation of Pesticides in Bats from Missouri

8

(14)

Angela Schmidt

Virgil Brack, Jr.

Russ Romme

Karen Tyrell

Alan Gehrt

Characterization of a Carbofuran-Contaminated Site in the Hawaiian Islands National Wildlife Refuge

22

(16)

Michael D. David

Sonia Campbell

LeeAnn Woodward

Qing X. Li

Forensic Investigative Techniques to Identify Impacts (Primary and Secondary) from Three Groups of Pesticides on Raptors in California

38

(16)

Robert C. Hosea

Brian J. Finlayson

E. E. Littrell

Monitoring Wildlife Exposure to Pesticides

Large-Scale Monitoring of Non-Target Pesticide Effects on Farmland Arthropods in England: The Compromise between Replication and Realism of Scale

54

(14)

Geoffrey K. Frampton

The German Environmental Specimen Bank: Application in Trend Monitoring of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons

68

(14)

P. Marth

D. Martens

K.-W. Schramm

J. Schmitzer

K. Oxynos

A. Kettrup

Locust and Tsetse Fly Control in Africa: Does Wildlife Pay the Bill for Animal Health and Food Security?

82

(27)

Ralf Peveling

Peter Nagel

Estimation of Red-Winged Blackbird Mortality from Toxic Bait Application

109

(10)

James F. Glahn

Michael L. Avery

Exposure Assessment of Rana catesbeiana Collected from a Chlorpyrifos-Treated Cornfield

119

(11)

Sean M. Richards

Todd A. Anderson

Steven B. Wall

Ronald J. Kendall

Modulation of Teleost CYP1A1 Activity by EBI Fungicides (Propiconazole, Clotrimazole) and Interaction with an Organophosphate Insecticide

130

(16)

S. L. Levine

J. S. McClain

J. T. Oris

Assessment of Risk to Non-Target Wildlife

Design of a Laboratory Secondary Hazard Study

146

(11)

David A. Goldade

Peter J. Savarie

Jerome C. Hurley

Stanley A. Gaddis

John J. Johnston

Recognizing and Reducing Secondary and Tertiary Poisoning Risks Associated with Brodifacoum

157

(7)

C. T. Eason

E. Murphy

Chlorophacinone Residues in Pangeland Rodents: An Assessment of the Potential Risk of Secondary Toxicity to Scavengers

164

(17)

Thomas M. Primus

John D. Eisemann

George H. Matschke

Craig Ramey

John J. Johnston

Wildlife Primary and Secondary Toxicity Studies with Warfarin

181

(16)

Richard M. Poche

Jeff J. Mach

Non-Target Hazard Assessment of Using DRC-1339 Avicide to Manage Blackbirds in Sunflower

197

(15)

John D. Eisemann

George M. Linz

John J. Johnston

Ecotoxicological Risks of Potential Toxicants for Brown Tree Snake Control on Guam

212

(13)

John J. Johnston

Richard E. Mauldin

Pete J. Savarie

Joseph E. Brooks

Thomas M. Primus

History and Risk Assessment of Triazine Herbicides in the Lower Mississippi River

225

(17)

W. R. Hartley

L. E. White

J. E. Bollinger

A. Thiyagarajah

J. M. Mendler

W. J. George

Analysis of Pesticide Residues in Wildllife

Ion Trap GC-MS Analysis of Tissue Samples for Chlorinated Compounds

242

(12)

Pamela P. Hamlett

Gary L. Steinmetz

David M. Klein

Recent Advances in Analytical Techniques to Investigate Pesticide Poisoning of Wildlife

254

(21)

Ainsley Jones

S. McGaw

L. Ross

C. McCoy

G. Turnbull

A. J. A. C. Charlton

Simon Hird

Using Chorioallantoic Membranes for Non-Lethal Assessment of Exposure and Effect in Oviparous Wildlife

275

(19)

George P. Cobb

Donald M. Norman

Pattie D. Houlis

Tim A. Bargar

Chemical and Biochemical Evaluation of Swainson's Hawk Mortalities in Argentina

294

(15)

Edward J. Scollon

Michael I. Goldstein

Melissa E. Parker

Michael J. Hooper

Thomas E. Lacher

George P. Cobb

HPLC Determination of Carbofuran Residues and Its Distribution from Alginate Controlled-Release and Granular Formulations in a Model Rice-Fish Ecosystem

309

(15)

H. R. Soltan

A. S. Marei

A. Khamis

A. Mousa

H. M. El-Maghraby

Reducing Wildlife Exposure to Pesticides

Comparison of Primary and Secondary Repellents for Aversive Conditioning of European Starlings

324

(21)

Roger W. Sayre

Larry Clark

Avian Use of Various Bait Mixtures Offered in Harvested Cornfields during Spring Migration in South Dakota

345

(14)

George M. Linz

H. Jeffrey Homan

Ryan L. Wimberly

Hurdles in Compiling Pesticide Incidents

359

(6)

Patrick H. Hannan

Regulatory Aspects of Protecting Threatened and Endangered Species with Country Pesticide Bulletins

365

(14)

J. Allen White

Richard A. Marovich

Gerald H. Millar

Author Index

379

(2)

Subject Index

381

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Pesticides and Wildlife

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials