The Philippines: A Singular And A Plural

In his 1982 endorsement of the first edition of this book, the late Benigno Aquino Jr., noted that "anyone wanting to understand the Philippines and the Filipinos today must include this book in his 'must' reading list." His recommendation holds equally true for the fourth edition of this widely praised work. The new edition has been updated through the final years of the Ramos presidency, and contains a new section on the impact of President Estrada.

David Joel Steinberg is president of Long Island University and author of Philippine Collaboration in World War II winner of the University Press Award in 1969, and co-author of In-Search of Southeast Asia. He has consulted for the Ford Foundation, the United Nations Fund for Population Activities, and the United States government and has testified often before Congress on Philippine matters.

List of Illustrations

xi

Preface to the Fourth Edition

xiii

The Rules of the Road

1

(10)

Kinship and Other Relationships

3

(2)

Social Values

5

(6)

This Very Beautiful Pearl of the Orient Sea

11

(26)

Nature's Terrors

12

(1)

The Physical Environment

13

(2)

Wet Rice

15

(4)

Sugar, Hemp, and Coconut

19

(4)

Land Ownership and the Distribution of Rural Wealth

23

(3)

Other Crops and Resources

26

(4)

Manila

30

(7)

A Singular and Plural Folk

37

(16)

The Plural Society

38

(1)

Lowlanders and Uplanders

39

(1)

Migrants

40

(2)

The Chinese

42

(2)

The Mestizos

44

(3)

The New Filipinos

47

(1)

The Illustrado Elite

48

(2)

The Function of Education

50

(3)

The Search for a Usable Past

53

(26)

The Spanish Era

54

(6)

The Nineteenth Century

60

(2)

Ilustrado Nationalism

62

(1)

The Decade of Struggle

63

(3)

Ilustrado-American Collaboration

66

(5)

Historical Ambiguities

71

(2)

The American Interregnum

73

(6)

The Religious Impulse: Global and Local Traditions

79

(22)

The Spanish Church

80

(3)

Iglesia Filipina Independiente

83

(1)

The Roman Church During the American Interregnum

84

(1)

The Local Tradition

85

(5)

Islam

90

(3)

Religion Today

93

(8)

Collaboration and Restoration

101

(14)

The Trauma of World War II

101

(8)

The Old Order

109

(6)

The Marcos Era

115

(36)

The Man Himself

115

(2)

The Constitutional Presidency

117

(4)

Martial Law

121

(6)

The Communist Insurgency

127

(3)

Economic Growth and Decline

130

(4)

New Players and Old

134

(6)

Disease and Decay

140

(11)

The Age of Aquino

151

(42)

The First Blush

153

(3)

The Politicized Army and the Militarized Party

156

(11)

Prosperity and Stability

167

(8)

Nationalism Resurgent

175

(6)

A Democratic Conclusion

181

(6)

Change and Stasis

187

(6)

The Ramos Years: Solid, Stolid, Successful

193

(16)

The Ramos Presidency

193

(3)

The Election of 1995

196

(1)

Economic Progress

196

(5)

National Stability

201

(3)

Postneocolonial Realities

204

(3)

The Endgame

207

(2)

The Estrada Anomaly

209

(14)

Jose Ejercito Estrada

210

(2)

The New Regime

212

(3)

Security and Insecurity

215

(3)

Conclusion

218

(5)

Glossary

223

(4)

Bibliography

227

(30)

Index

257

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The Philippines: A Singular And A Plural Place, Fourth Edition

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials