Philosophers of Nothingness

Philosophers of Nothingness examines the three principal figures of what has come to be known as the "Kyoto school" -- Nishida Kitaro, Tanabe Hajime, and Nishitani Keiji -- and shows how this original current of twentieth-century Japanese thought challenges traditional philosophy to break out of its Western confines and step into a world forum.

Preface to the English Edition

ix

Orientation

The Kyoto School

3

(4)

Japanese Philosophy as World Philosophy

7

(2)

The Background of Western Philosophy in Japan

9

(4)

Working Assumptions of the Kyoto Philosophers

13

(4)

The Matter of Language

17

(4)

The Study of the Kyoto School in the West

21

(2)

Arrangement of the Material

23

(6)

Nishida Kitaro (1870-1945)

Nishida's Life and Career

29

(3)

Nishida's Philosophical Style

32

(4)

An Adventure of Ideas

36

(3)

The Quest of the Absolute

39

(3)

The Absolute as Pure Experience

42

(5)

The Absolute as Will

47

(2)

Self-Awareness

49

(4)

Active Intuition, Knowing by Becoming

53

(3)

Art and Morality as Self-Expression

56

(5)

Absolute Nothingness

61

(3)

Identity and Opposition

64

(4)

The Historical World

68

(4)

The Logic of Locus

72

(3)

Subject, Predicate, and Universal

75

(4)

Self and Other

79

(4)

Love and Responsibility

83

(3)

Japanese Culture, World Culture

86

(4)

The Turn to Political Philosophy

90

(5)

Rudiments of a Political Philosophy

95

(4)

Religion, God, and Inverse Correlation

99

(8)

Tanabe Hajime (1885-1962)

Tanabe's Life and Career

107

(3)

Tanabe's Philosophical Style

110

(3)

Pure Experience, Objective Knowledge, Morality

113

(3)

Pure Relationship, Absolute Mediation

116

(2)

A Reinterpretation of Absolute Nothingness

118

(4)

The Origins of the Logic of the Specific

122

(3)

The Specific and the Sociocultural World

125

(5)

The Specific and the Nation

130

(4)

An Ambivalent Nationalism

134

(5)

Critiques of Tanabe's Nationalism

139

(4)

Critiques of Tanabe's Political Naivete

143

(3)

Response to the Criticisms

146

(5)

Repentance

151

(3)

Philosophizing the Repentance

154

(3)

The Logic of Absolute Critique

157

(5)

Religious Act, Religious Witness

162

(3)

Self and Self-Awareness

165

(6)

A Synthesis of Religions

171

(4)

A Dialectics of Death

175

(8)

Nishitani Keiji (1900-1990)

Nishitani's Life and Career

183

(4)

Nishitani's Philosophical Style

187

(4)

A Starting Point in Nihilism

191

(2)

Elemental Subjectivity

193

(2)

A Philosophy for Nationalism

195

(5)

Historical Necessity

200

(4)

Moral Energy and All-Out War

204

(4)

Overcoming Modernity

208

(3)

The Religious Dimension of the Political

211

(4)

Overcoming Nihilism

215

(2)

From Nihilism to Emptiness

217

(5)

Emptiness as a Standpoint

222

(2)

Emptiness as the Homeground of Being

224

(4)

Ego and Self

228

(5)

Self, Other, and Ethics

233

(5)

Science and Nature

238

(4)

Time and History

242

(3)

God

245

(4)

The Embodiment of Awareness

249

(3)

The Critique of Religion

252

(7)

Prospectus

Placing the Kyoto School

259

(2)

Studying the Kyoto School

261

(2)

Questions for World Philosophy

263

(4)

The Encounter between Buddhism and Christianity

267

(2)

Philosophy and Religion, East and West

269

(6)

Notes

275

(70)

Bibliography

345

(24)

Index

369

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Philosophers of Nothingness

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials