Philosophical Skepticism

This volume highlights the role of literacy in social development and the directions that governments and other agencies should take in designing their literacy programmes. The contributors, who are field workers, educational psychologists, so"

Charles Landesman is Professor of Philosophy Emeritus at Hunter College and the Graduate School of the City University of New York. His previous publications include Discourse and Its Presuppositions (1972), Color and Consciousness (1989), The Eye and the Mind (1993), and An Introduction to Epistemology (Blackwell 1996).

Roblin Meeks is a faculty member of the Expository Writing Program at Harvard University. He is currently at work on a book about self-identification.

Acknowledgments

ix

Introduction

1

(6)

Part I: Global Skepticism

7

(104)

from Apology

9

(14)

Plato

from Pyrrho

23

(7)

Diogenes Laertius

from Academica

30

(4)

Cicero

from Outlines of Pyrrhonism

34

(11)

Sextus Empiricus

``Meditation I''

45

(6)

Rene Descartes

from An Enquiry concerning Human Understanding

51

(27)

David Hume

from The View from Nowhere

78

(12)

Thomas Nagel

``A Defense of Skepticism''

90

(21)

Peter Unger

Part II: Skeptical Topics

111

(2)

Perception

113

(34)

``The Refutation of Realism''

114

(11)

W. T. Stace

from ``Proof of an External World''

125

(7)

G. E. Moore

from Sense and Sensibilia

132

(15)

J. L. Austin

Induction

147

(22)

from The Theory of Probability

148

(10)

Hans Reichenbach

``Reliabilism and Induction''

158

(11)

Michael Levin

Other Minds

169

(22)

``Other Minds''

170

(5)

Thomas Nagel

``Analogy''

175

(5)

Bertrand Russell

``Knowledge of Other Minds''

180

(11)

Norman Malcolm

Self-Knowledge

191

(34)

``Meditation II''

192

(9)

Rene Descartes

``Of Personal Identity''

201

(13)

David Hume

from ``The Paralogisms of Pure Reason''

214

(5)

Immanuel Kant

from Beyond Good and Evil

219

(3)

Friedrich Nietzsche

from Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus

222

(3)

Ludwig Wittgenstein

Religious Belief

225

(46)

from ``Apology for Raymond Sebond''

226

(6)

Michel de Montaigne

from Pensees

232

(10)

Blaise Pascal

from ``Of Miracles''

242

(14)

David Hume

from Concluding Unscientific Postscript

256

(15)

Søren Kierkegaard

Part III: Responses and Reactions

271

(90)

from ``Meditation VI''

273

(11)

Rene Descartes

from The Forced Marriage

284

(3)

Jean-Baptiste Moliere

from A Treatise of Human Nature

287

(9)

David Hume

from Essays on the Intellectual Powers of Man

296

(14)

Thomas Reid

from Prolegomena and Critique of Pure Reason

310

(12)

Immanuel Kant

from Being and Time

322

(2)

Martin Heidegger

from ``Two Dogmas of Empiricism'' and ``Epistemology Naturalized''

324

(20)

W. V. Quine

``Solidarity or Objectivity?''

344

(17)

Richard Rorty

Index

361

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Philosophical Skepticism

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials