The Philosophy of Chinese Military Culture

Drawing on ancient texts and modern interpretations, this work explores the foundations for war in China's strategic culture-- Shih , Li , and Tao . Shih theory bases strategy on enemy intent, in contrast to Euro-American Li strategies based on forces. The work uses Shih theory to explain the anomalies that continue to perplex Euro-American observers in modern China's uses of force.

William H. Mott, IV teaches International Politics and Political Thought at Emerson College. Jae Chang Kim is co-chairman of the Council on Korea-US Security Studies.

List of Illustrations

vii

Acknowledgments

ix

Preface

x

Strategy and Culture

1

(14)

The Idea of Shih

15

(30)

Ancient Chinese Wars

45

(28)

The Chinese Civil War

73

(30)

The Korean War

103

(28)

The Sino-Indian War

131

(30)

The Sino-Soviet War

161

(24)

The Sino-Vietnamese War

185

(30)

Chinese Strategy: Shih-Strategy

215

(18)

Glossary

233

(8)

Notes

241

(38)

Bibliography

279

(16)

Index

295

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The Philosophy of Chinese Military Culture Shih vs. Li

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials