Physical Anthropology

By emphasizing human osteology, forensic anthropology, anthropometry, primates, human evolution, and genetics, this lab manual, written by Diane France, provides students with hands-on lab assignments to help make the concepts of physical and anthropology more clear. It contains short-answer questions, identification problems, and observation exercises. The Lab Manual provides a wealth of solid information that is invaluable in supporting the labs that accompany physical anthropology courses.

Preface

ix

Genetics

Introduction

1

(1)

Terminology

2

(1)

Mitosis

3

(1)

Meiosis

4

(1)

Soving Genetics Problems

5

(3)

Survey of Some Genetic Traits

8

(6)

Exercise 1.1

10

(1)

Exercise 1.2

11

(1)

Exercise 1.3

12

(2)

Pedigree Analysis

14

(4)

Exercise 1.4

16

(2)

Sex Linkage

18

(1)

Blood Typing

19

(4)

Exercise 1.5

22

(1)

Evolution and the Hardy-Weinberg Formula

23

(4)

Three-Allele System

27

(8)

Exercise 1.6

30

(5)

Probability

35

(1)

Assortative Mating

36

(1)

Migration or Gene Flow (Hybridization)

37

(1)

Genetic Drift and Founder Effect

38

(3)

Exercise 1.7

39

(2)

Human Osteology

Introduction

41

(1)

Instructions for Handling Bone

42

(1)

Terminology

43

(1)

Features of Bone

44

(1)

Bone Descriptions

45

(18)

Exercise 2.1

61

(2)

Anthropometry, Non-metric Traits, Dermatoglyphics

Introduction

63

(1)

Statistical Tests

63

(3)

Metric Analysis

66

(1)

Measurement Descriptions

67

(6)

Exercise 3.1

69

(4)

Osteometry

73

(8)

Exercise 3.2

78

(3)

Non-metric Traits

81

(4)

Exercise 3.3

83

(2)

Dermatoglyphics

85

(4)

Exercise 3.4

87

(2)

Human Skeletal Variation and Forensic Anthropology

Introduction

89

(1)

Determination of Sex

89

(5)

Determination of Age

94

(1)

Subadults

94

(4)

Adults

98

(13)

Determination of ``Race''

111

(8)

Pathology

119

(6)

Exercise 4.1

122

(3)

Biological Classification

Introduction

125

(4)

Primate Classification

129

(6)

Exercise 5.1

131

(4)

Comparison of the Skeletons of Quadrupeds, Bipeds, and Brachiators

Introduction

135

(1)

Comparative Anatomy

136

(15)

Exercise 6.1

149

(2)

Comparing the Living Primates

Introduction

151

(2)

Primate Evolutionary Trends

153

(1)

Postcranial Comparisons and Locomotion

153

(3)

Dental Trends Through Primate Evolution

156

(5)

Exercise 7.1

159

(2)

Observation of Living Primate Behavior and Morphology

Introduction

161

(1)

Behavior Categories

162

(1)

Sampling Techniques

162

(9)

Exercise 8.1

165

(2)

Exercise 8.2

167

(2)

Exercise 8.3

169

(2)

Early Evolution of Primates in the Paleocene, Eocene, and Oligocene

Introduction

171

(1)

Evolutionary Theory

171

(1)

Paleocene

172

(1)

Eocene

173

(1)

Oligocene

174

(7)

Exercise 9.1

177

(4)

Miocene Hominoid Evolution

Introduction

181

(1)

The Biomolecular Data

182

(1)

DNA Hybridization

182

(1)

The Molecular Clock

183

(1)

The Fossil Data

184

(1)

The Early Miocene

185

(1)

Middle and Late Miocene

185

(8)

Exercise 10.1

189

(4)

The Early Hominids: Australopithecines

Introduction

193

(1)

Australopithecus afarensis

194

(1)

The South African Australopithecines

194

(1)

East African Australopithecines

195

(6)

Exercise 11.1

197

(4)

The Genus Homo

Introduction

201

(1)

Homo habilis

201

(1)

Homo erectus

202

(1)

Archaic Homo sapiens

203

(1)

Modern Homo sapiens

204

(9)

Exercise 12.1

207

(6)

Glossary

213

(8)

Bibliography

221

(8)

Index

229

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Physical Anthropology

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

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Physical Anthropology

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

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