Poisonous Plants and Related Toxins

, by T. Acamovic; C. S. Stewart; T. Pennycott

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ISBN: 9780851996141 | 0851996140
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 2/12/2004

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This book presents refereed and edited papers from the 6th International Symposium on Poisonous Plants, held in Scotland in August 2001. It covers a range of topics from plant biochemistry to toxic effects in animals (particularly grazing farmed animals) and humans. The contents include the evolution of antinutrients and toxins in plants, biomedical applications of toxins in plants, isolation, identification and effects of plant and fungal toxins and the effect of plant toxins on aversion to plants in animal diets.

Preface

Acknowledgements

Dedications

Evolution of Toxins and Anti-nutritional Factors in Plants with Special Emphasis on Leguminosae

(25)

Lack of Apparent Base Sequence Preference of Activated Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid Cross-Links with DNA

(6)

Correlation of an Endophytic Fungus (Alternaria spp.) with the Presence of Swainsonine in Lambert Locoweed (Oxytropis lambertii)

(6)

Delphinium Alkaloid Toxicosis in Cattle from Switzerland

(6)

Toxicity of a Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid, Riddelliine, in Neonatal Pigs

(6)

Bacteria and Corynetoxin-like Toxins in Nematode Seed-galls in Festuca nigrescens from North America and New Zealand

(6)

Preliminary in Vitro Studies of Cistus salvifolius Leaves in Relation to Metabolic Disorders in Sheep

(7)

Fusarochromanone and Wortmannin: Novel Fusarium Toxins

(7)

Improved Methods for the Extraction and Purification of Corynetoxins for Preparative or Analytical Purposes using Water Solubilizing Additives

(6)

Nephrotic Syndrome in Cattle Caused by the Shrub Nolletia gariepina in the Kalahari Sandveld of Southern Africa

(3)

The Concentration of Steroidal Sapogenins in and the Degree of Fungal Infection on Narthecium ossifragum Plants in More and Romsdal County, Norway

(5)

Calcinosis in Ruminants due to Plant Poisoning: Contributions on the Pathogenesis

(6)

Evaluation of Ipomoea carnea Toxicity to Growing Goats: Clinical, Biochemical, Haematological and Pathological Alterations

(6)

Chemical and Pharmacological Investigation of Macrocyclic Diterpenoids Isolated from Euphorbia Species

(6)

Disposition of Swainsonine in Sheep Following Acute Oral Exposure

102

(6)

Stimulating Effect of Aflatoxin B1 on Lipid Peroxidation in the In Vitro Model Systems

108

(6)

An Indirect Competitive ELISA for Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids of Heliotropium europaeum

114

(6)

Victor King Chesnut (1867--1938), a Poisonous Plant Pioneer

120

(3)

Phomopsin Intoxication of the Rat Causes Prodigious Loss of Bodyweight and Liver Weight

123

(5)

The Role of Condensed Tannins on the Rumen Degradation of Lotus pedunculatus

128

(6)

Cyclopiazonic Acid: Food Chain Contaminant?

134

(6)

Calystegines Isolated from Ipomoea spp. Possibly Associated with an Ataxia Syndrome in Cattle in North Western Australia

140

(6)

Spectrofluorometric Analysis of Phylloerythrin in Plasma and Skin from Sheep Suffering from Hepatogenous Photosensitization

146

(5)

Plants Toxic for Domestic Animals in the State of Paraiba, Northeastern Brazil

151

(6)

Occurrence of Cyanogenic Glycosides in Seeds and Seedlings of Idiospermum australiense, a Primitive Rainforest Angiosperm from Tropical Australia

157

(5)

Photosensitization in Cattle in Southern Brazil

162

(5)

Transformed Root Cultures of Solanum dulcamara and Production of Secondary Metabolites

167

(8)

Antibacterial Properties of Phytochemicals in Aromatic Plants in Poultry Diets

175

(6)

Microbial Metabolism of Tannins

181

(17)

Modulation of Escherichia coli Shiga Toxin Activity on Vero Cells by the Use of the Secondary Plant Compound Swainsonine

198

(6)

The Identification of Corynetoxin-like Tunicaminyluracil-glycolipids from Nematode Galls in Festuca nigrescens from North America and New Zealand

204

(6)

The Metabolism of Saponins from Yucca schidigera in Sheep

210

(5)

Ecological, Physiological and Behavioural Interactions between Marsupial Folivores and Eucalyptus Antifeedants

215

(8)

PCR Amplification for Detection of Synergistes jonesii, the Ruminal Bacterium that Degrades the Toxins of Leucaena leucocephala

223

(4)

Bracken Fern (genus Pteridium) Toxicity -- a Global Problem

227

(14)

Histochemical Studies of Bracken Fern: Localization of Phenolic and Tannin Defences in Bracken Accessions along an Altitudinal Gradient in the Neotropics

241

(7)

Chronic Toxicity in Cattle due to Pteridium aquilinum (Bracken Fern) in Tarija Department, Bolivia: an Interdisciplinary Investigation

248

(5)

Ptaquiloside in Bracken and in Topsoil in 20 Danish Bracken Populations

253

(9)

Pathological Aspects of Cyanobacterial Toxicity

262

(7)

Effect of Senna occidentalis Seed in Laying Hens: Evaluation of the Toxicity and Egg Production

269

(6)

Intoxication by Crotalaria retusa in Ruminants and Equidae in the State of Paraiba, Northeastern Brazil

275

(5)

Pathology of Experimental Stemodia kingii Intoxication in the Mouse

280

(6)

A Procedure for the Estimation of the Daily Intake of Saponins from Pasture by Sheep

286

(6)

Exposure of Native Australian Parrots to Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids

292

(6)

Poisonous Sedges: the Galegine Content of Schoenus rigens at Various Growth Stages

298

(6)

Lupin Non-starch Polysaccharides and their Effects on Chickens

304

(6)

Lectin Histochemical Study of Lipopigments Present in the Cerebellum of Solanum fastigiatum var. fastigiatum Intoxicated Cattle

310

(6)

Ipomoea carnea Induced Enhanced Macrophage Activity (Phagocytosis and Peroxide Production) in Immunocompetent Rats

316

(6)

Advanced Multidimensional NMR Experiments as Tools for Structure Determination of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids

322

(7)

Characterization of Steroidal Sapogenins in Panicum virgatum L. (Switchgrass)

329

(6)

Common Natural and Experimental Plant Intoxications in Animals Reported in Cuba

335

(6)

Intoxication by Prosopis juliflora Pods (Mesquite Beans) in Cattle and Goats in Northeastern Brazil

341

(6)

Screening Poisonous Plant Toxins for Cytotoxicity Using Bovine Embryos Produced by In Vitro Fertilization Techniques

347

(7)

Growth of Bracken in Denmark and the Content of Ptaquiloside in Fronds, Rhizomes and Roots

354

(7)

Poisonous Plant Research: Biomedical Applications

361

(16)

Essential Amino Acids and Antimetabolites in the Seed Kernel of an Unconventional Legume, Gila Bean (Entada phaseoloides Merrill)

377

(10)

The Detection and Estimation of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Plants and Feeds using an ELISA

387

(7)

Monocrotaline Pyrrole Protein Targets in Pulmonary Artery Endothelial Cells

394

(8)

Analysis of Corynetoxins: a Comparative Study of an Indirect Competitive ELISA and HPLC

402

(6)

Pavetamine: an Inhibitor of Protein Synthesis in the Heart

408

(4)

Effects of the Mycotoxins Lolitrem B and Paxilline on Gastrointestinal Smooth Muscle, Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems and Temperature in Sheep

412

(9)

Conditioned Feed Aversion as a Means of Preventing Sheep from Grazing Vermeerbos (Geigeria ornativa)

421

(4)

Prenatal Toxicity of Cyanide in Goats -- a Model for Teratological Studies in Ruminants

425

(6)

The Clinical and Morphological Changes of Intermittent Locoweed (Oxytropis sericea) Poisoning in Sheep

431

(5)

Biological Control of the Toxic Shrub Juniper

436

(7)

The Effect on Quail of Feed Contaminated with the Mycotoxin Aurofusarin

443

(5)

Effect of Tunicamycins on GlcNAc-1-P Transferase Activity in Rat Tissues and Toxic Effects during Pregnancy and Lactation

448

(5)

Experiences with the Quantitative Trace Analysis of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids using GCMS and LCMS

453

(6)

Perinatal Study of Senna occidentalis Intoxication in Rabbits

459

(6)

Fetal Effects of Maternal Ingestion of Solanum malacoxylon: Evaluation in Rats

465

(6)

A Survey of Venezuelan Plants Toxic to Livestock and their Potential as Anti-insect Materials

471

(7)

Dietary Butylated Hydroxytoluene Protects Against Aflatoxicosis in Turkeys

478

(6)

Mycotoxins in Agricultural Crops

484

(4)

Intoxication by Ramaria flavo-brunnescens in Domestic Animals

488

(6)

Natural Antioxidants and Mycotoxins: Theoretical Considerations and Practical Applications

494

(10)

Rumex obtusifolius: Its Costs and the Benefits of Control

504

(8)

Effect of Varying Trypsin Inhibitor Activity of Full Fat Soya on Nutritional Value for Broiler Chicks

512

(8)

The Bioactivity-guided Isolation and Structural Identification of Two Novel Toxic Steroidal Glucosides, Stemodiosides B3 and B4 from Stemodia kingii

520

(6)

The Effect of Pattern of Feeding on the Development of Food Preferences in Goats in Response to Positive and Negative Postingestive Consequences

526

(5)

Conditioned Feed Aversion as a Means of Preventing Intake of Yellow-tulp (Homeria pallida) by Livestock

531

(9)

Plant-associated Diseases, Either New or New to the State, Encountered Over the Last Decade (1991--2001) in Western Australia

540

(8)

Steroidal Sapogenins and Saponins in Narthecium ossifragum from Scotland

548

(4)

Transfer of Cyanide and its Main Metabolite Thiocyanate in Milk: Study of Cyanogenic Plants Ingestion during Lactation in Goats

552

(6)

The Effect of Feeding Broilers Tall Fescue Grass (Festuca arundinacea) Seeds Containing the Endophyte Toxin Ergovaline on Ascites Syndrome Morbidity

558

(6)

Bovine Enzootic Haematuria on Sao Miguel Island -- Azores

564

(11)

Toxicophenology and Grazing Risk Models of Tall Larkspur

575

(7)

Index

582

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Poisonous Plants and Related Toxins

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

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Poisonous Plants and Related Toxins

Summary

Table of Contents

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