Preventive War and American Democracy

Preventive War and American Democracy is a comprehensive analysis spanning the decades between Truman's decision in the early Cold War to reject this strategy and President Bush's embrace of preventive war logic and its application against Iraq in 2003. In broad terms, the book investigates whether there is an anti-preventive war norm reflecting American democratic values. Silverstone examines the strategic chokes made by U.S. leaders across key cases in which the preventive use of force was considered as an option to confront a nuclear power shift. This book is an important guide to whether, how, and under what conditions, domestic limits on preventive war might shape U.S. policy and why they were so conspicuously absent in the decision-making that led to the 2003 invasion of Iraq. Book jacket.

Scott Silverstone is Associate Professor of International Relations at the United States Military Academy, West Point

Preface	p. vii
The Preventive War Temptation versus the Anti-Preventive War Norm	p. 1
The Preventive Motive for War	p. 5
Norms and State Behavior	p. 14
The Normative Dimensions of Preventive War in Theory	p. 17
The Normative Dimensions of Preventive War in Practice	p. 22
Preventing a Soviet Atomic Power Shift	p. 25
The Strategic Problem	p. 27
The Strategic Options: Preventing an Atomic Power Shift	p. 30
Negotiated Agreement on International Control of Atomic Technology	p. 30
War	p. 33
The Material Explanation for the Rejection of Preventive War	p. 42
Truman Rejects Preventive War	p. 51
The Normative Ambivalence of Preventive War	p. 52
Contemporary Scholars on Preventive War	p. 55
Public Commentators on Preventive War	p. 60
Policy Makers and the Dominance of the Anti-Preventive War Norm	p. 63
Preventive War and the Republican Opposition	p. 75
Eisenhower and the Growth of Soviet and Chinese Power, 1953-1955	p. 81
Eisenhower and the Soviet Strategic Threat	p. 82
The China Threat and the Preventive War Option	p. 85
The Shifting China Threat	p. 86
The Anti-Preventive War Norm and the Formosa Resolution Debate	p. 90
The Preventive War Temptation Reemerges	p. 97
No Preventive War Against Communist China	p. 100
The Cuba Crisis of 1962	p. 107
Soviet Conventional Arms in Cuba: July-October 22, 1962	p. 110
Soviet Nuclear Missiles in Cuba: October 16-28, 1962	p. 122
Coercive Anti-Proliferation: From China 1964 to North Korea 1994	p. 139
The Missing Anti-Preventive War Norm: North Korea 1993-1994	p. 141
Anti-Proliferation, "Rogue" States, and the Gulf War Effect	p. 145
The Rise of the Nuclear Nonproliferation Norm	p. 145
From Cooperative Nonproliferation to Coercive Anti-Proliferation	p. 156
Israel's Osirak Attack of 1981	p. 158
Rogue States and the Proliferation Lessons of the 1991 Gulf War	p. 160
Conclusion: The Iraq War of 2003	p. 171
The Iraq Case as Preventive War	p. 174
Congressional Attitudes on Preventive War Against Iraq	p. 176
Public Attitudes on Preventive War Against Iraq	p. 185
Implications for the Future of Preventive War	p. 190
Endnotes	p. 199
Index	p. 247
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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Preventive War and American Democracy

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