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This well-written, accessible text offers an extensive introduction to the field, its methods, and the animals themselves.

Dean Falk is Professor of anthropology at the University at Albany and an honorary professor of human biology at the University of Vienna.

Preface

Introduction

Where Primates Live and How They Move

3

(3)

How Primates Are Classified

6

(4)

The Primate Pattern

10

(5)

The Basics of Primate Evolution

Introduction

15

(3)

``Nature Red in Tooth and Claw''

18

(1)

The Primate Fossil Record

19

(2)

Paleocene Primates (65 to 55 mya)

21

(1)

Eocene Primates (55 to 36 mya)

22

(3)

The Arboreal Theory

24

(1)

Oligocene Primates (36 to 24 mya)

25

(3)

Miocene Primates (24 to 5 mya)

28

(3)

Plio-Pleistocene Primates (5 mya to 10,000 Years Ago)

31

(3)

``In the Field''---Alfred Rosenberger

32

(2)

Using Living Species to Study Evolution

34

(5)

Molecular Techniques

34

(2)

Other Methods

36

(3)

The Tree Shrew: Structural Ancestor of All Primates?

39

(1)

Summary

40

(3)

Methods and Theory For Studying Living Primates

Introduction

43

(1)

Field Methods

44

(4)

``In the Field''--Jane Phillips-Conroy

46

(2)

Reproductive Strategies: Basic Concepts

48

(1)

Primate Social Systems

49

(5)

Male Strategies

50

(3)

Female Strategies

53

(1)

Kin Selection and Altruism

54

(2)

Environmental Factors: Diets and Predators

56

(5)

Summary

61

(2)

Galagos, Lorises, and Tarsiers

Introduction

63

(2)

What Unites Prosimians

65

(5)

The Prosimian Pattern

66

(4)

Galagos and Lorises

70

(9)

Galagonidae

70

(4)

Loridae

74

(5)

Tarsiidae

79

(4)

``In the Field''---Sharon Gursky

82

(1)

Summary

83

(2)

Lemurs

Introduction

85

(2)

Lemuridae

87

(6)

Megaladapidae

93

(2)

Cheirogaleidae

95

(6)

Indridae

101

(3)

Daubentoniidae

104

(4)

Summary

108

(5)

``In the Field''---Eleanor Sterling

110

(3)

Monkeys of The New World: The Callitrichines

Introduction

113

(5)

The New World Monkey Pattern

118

(1)

Cebidae

119

(23)

The Callitrichines: Marmosets, Tamarins, and Goeldi's Monkeys

119

(9)

``In the Field''---Paul Garber

128

(14)

Summary

142

(3)

Other Neotropical Monkeys: Cebidae and Atelidae

Introduction

145

(1)

Cebidae

146

(10)

The Cebines: Saimiri and Cebus

146

(6)

``In the Field''---Susan Boinski

152

(4)

Atelidae

156

(7)

The Seed Predators: Sakis, Bearded Sakis, and Uakaris

160

(3)

The Atelines

163

(7)

Summary

170

(3)

Old World Monkeys: The Leaf-Eating Colobines

Introduction

173

(1)

The Old World Monkey Pattern

174

(3)

The Colobines

177

(21)

The African Colobines

179

(1)

``In the Field''---John Oates

180

(8)

The Asian Colobines

188

(10)

Summary

198

(3)

Old World Cheek-Pouched Monkeys: The Shift to Terrestriality

Introduction

201

(4)

Guenons

205

(12)

Arboreal Guenons

205

(2)

Semiterrestrial Guenons

207

(1)

``In the Field''---Marina Cords

208

(9)

Other Primates That Live in One-Male Groups

217

(8)

A Species that Spends Time on the Ground

225

(2)

Summary

227

(4)

Macaques and Savanna Baboons: Sexual Politics and Human Evolution

Introduction

231

(1)

Macaques

231

(15)

``In the Field''---Donald Sade

236

(10)

Savanna Baboons

246

(9)

The Classic Baboon Model

249

(2)

Baboons' Lib

251

(4)

Summary

255

(2)

Gibbons: The Lesser Apes

Introduction

257

(1)

The Ape Pattern

257

(2)

The Hylobatid Pattern

259

(5)

Gibbon Social Life

264

(9)

Daily Activities

267

(1)

``In the Field''---Thad Bartlett

268

(5)

A Further Word about Siamangs

273

(1)

Hylobatid Conservation

274

(1)

Summary

274

(3)

Orangutans: The Shy Ape

Introduction

277

(2)

The Great Ape Pattern

279

(1)

The Orangutan: ``Person of the Forest''

280

(16)

Social Behavior

285

(3)

Mothering

288

(1)

Orangutan Cognition

289

(5)

``In the Field''---Daniel Shillito

294

(2)

Through a Glass Darkly

296

(1)

Summary

296

(3)

Gorillas: The Largest Primates of All

Introduction

299

(3)

Three Kinds of Gorillas

302

(2)

Locomotion---On the Ground and in the Trees

304

(4)

``In the Field''---Melissa Remis

306

(2)

Diet and Other Day-to-Day Activities

308

(3)

Reproduction

311

(1)

Gorilla Cognition

311

(4)

The Bigger They Come, the Harder They Fall

315

(1)

Summary

316

(3)

Our Cousins: The Chimpanzees

Introduction

319

(2)

Two Species, Two Looks

321

(3)

Of Habitats and Habits

324

(4)

Getting Fed: The Role of Tools and Hunting

326

(2)

Chimpanzee the Hunter

328

(4)

``In the Field''---Ellen Ingmanson

330

(2)

Social Lives of Bonobos and Other Chimpanzees: Like Night and Day

332

(3)

Culture and Cognition in Pan

335

(2)

Will They Survive?

337

(1)

Summary

337

(4)

The Earliest Hominids

Introduction

341

(2)

The Australopithecines

343

(7)

Modeling the Common Ancestor

350

(8)

Did the Common Ancestor Hunt?

353

(2)

The Evolution of Cognition in Early Hominids

355

(1)

``In the Field''---Peter Rodman

356

(2)

Summary

358

(3)

Epilogue

361

(2)

Glossary

363

(8)

Bibliography

371

Credits

Index

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Summary

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PRIMATE DIV PA

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

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