Programmable Logic Controllers

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ISBN: 9780028026619 | 0028026616
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 8/1/1996

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This outstanding text for the first course in programmable logic controllers (PLCs) focuses on how PLCs work and gives students practical information about installing, programming, and maintaining PLC systems. It's not intended to replace manufacturer's or user's manuals, but rather complements and expands on the information contained in these materials. All topics are covered in small segments. Students systematically carry out a wide range of generic programming exercises and assignments.

Preface

viii

Chapter 1 Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs): An Overview

(16)

1-1 Programmable Logic Controllers

(1)

1-2 Parts of a PLC

(4)

1-3 Principles of Operation

(3)

1-4 Modifying the Operation

(1)

1-5 PLCs Versus Computers

(1)

1-6 PLC size and Application

(2)

Review Questions

(1)

Problems

(1)

Chapter 2 PLC Hardware Components

(30)

2-1 The I/O Section

(4)

2-2 Discrete I/O Modules

(6)

2-3 Analog I/O Modules

(1)

2-4 Special I/O Modules

(1)

2-5 I/O Specifications

(1)

2-6 The CPU

(3)

2-7 Memory Design

(1)

2-8 Memory Types

(2)

2-9 Programming Devices

(3)

2-10 Recording and Retrieving Data

(1)

2-11 PLC Workstations

(1)

Review Questions

(3)

Problems

(1)

Chapter 3 Number Systems and Codes

(22)

3-1 Decimal System

(1)

3-2 Binary System

(2)

3-3 Negative Numbers

(1)

3-4 Octal System

(1)

3-5 Hexadecimal System

(1)

3-6 BCD System

(1)

3-7 Gray Code

(1)

3-8 ASCII Code

(1)

3-9 Encoding and Decoding

(1)

3-10 Parity Bit

(1)

3-11 Binary Arithmetic

(8)

Review Questions

(2)

Problems

(2)

Chapter 4 Fundamentals of Logic

(22)

4-1 The Binary Concept

(1)

4-2 AND, OR, and NOT Functions

(4)

4-3 Boolean Algebra

(3)

4-4 Developing Circuits from Boolean Expressions

(1)

4-5 Producing the Boolean Equation from a Given Circuit

(1)

4-6 Hard-Wired Logic Versus Programmed Logic

(6)

4-7 Programming Word-Level Logic Instructions

(2)

Review Questions

(1)

Problems

(3)

Chapter 5 Basics of PLC Programming

(28)

5-1 Processor Memory Organization

(4)

5-2 Program Scan

(3)

5-3 PLC Programming Languages

101

(4)

5-4 Relay-Type Instructions

105

(2)

5-5 Instruction Addressing

107

(1)

5-6 Branch Instructions

108

(4)

5-7 Internal Relay Instructions

112

(1)

5-8 Programming EXAMINE IF CLOSED and EXAMINE IF OPEN Instructions

112

(2)

5-9 Entering the Ladder Diagram

114

(1)

5-10 Modes of Operation

115

(1)

Review Questions

116

(1)

Problems

117

(3)

Chapter 6 Developing Fundamental PLC Wiring Diagrams and Ladder Logic Programs

120

(44)

6-1 Electromagnetic Control Relays

122

(1)

6-2 Contactors

123

(2)

6-3 Motor Starters

125

(1)

6-4 Manually Operated Switches

126

(2)

6-5 Mechanically Operated Switches

128

(2)

6-6 Transducers and Sensors

130

(13)

6-7 Output Control Devices

143

(2)

6-8 Seal-In Circuits

145

(1)

6-9 Latching Relays

146

(3)

6-10 Converting Relay Ladder Diagrams into PLC Ladder Programs

149

(4)

6-11 Writing a Ladder Logic Diagram Directly from a Narrative Description

153

(5)

Review Questions

158

(2)

Problems

160

(4)

Chapter 7 Programming Timers

164

(32)

7-1 Mechanical Timing Relay

166

(1)

7-2 Timer Instructions

167

(3)

7-3 On-Delay Timer Instruction

170

(6)

7-4 Off-Delay Timer Instruction

176

(2)

7-5 Retentive Timer

178

(4)

7-6 Cascading Timers

182

(6)

Review Questions

188

(1)

Problems

189

(7)

Chapter 8 Programming Counters

196

(32)

8-1 Counter Instructions

198

(3)

8-2 Up-Counter

201

(5)

8-3 Down-Counter

206

(5)

8-4 Cascading Counters

211

(3)

8-5 Incremental Encoder-Counter Applications

214

(2)

8-6 Combining Counter and Timer Functions

216

(4)

Review Questions

220

(1)

Problems

221

(7)

Chapter 9 Program Control Instructions

228

(28)

9-1 Master Control and Zone Control Instructions

230

(2)

9-2 Jump Instructions and Subroutines

232

(7)

9-3 Immediate Input and Immediate Output Instructions

239

(2)

9-4 Forcing External I/O Addresses

241

(3)

9-5 Safety Circuitry

244

(3)

9-6 Selectable Timed Interrupt

247

(1)

9-7 Fault Routine

248

(1)

9-8 Temporary End (TND) Instruction

249

(1)

Review Questions

250

(1)

Problems

251

(5)

Chapter 10 Data Manipulation Instructions

256

(42)

10-1 Data Manipulation

258

(1)

10-2 Data Transfer Operations

259

(12)

10-3 Data Compare Instructions

271

(7)

10-4 Data Manipulation Programs

278

(5)

10-5 Numerical Data I/O Interfaces

283

(4)

10-6 Set-Point Control

287

(5)

Review Questions

292

(2)

Problems

294

(4)

Chapter 11 Math Instructions

298

(24)

11-1 Math Instructions

300

(1)

11-2 Addition Instruction

300

(1)

11-3 Subtraction Instruction

301

(3)

11-4 Multiplication Instruction

304

(2)

11-5 Division Instruction

306

(4)

11-6 Other Word Level Math Instructions

310

(1)

11-7 File Arithmetic Operations

311

(3)

Review Questions

314

(4)

Problems

318

(4)

Chapter 12 Sequencer and Shift Register Instructions

322

(28)

12-1 Mechanical Sequencers

324

(1)

12-2 Sequencer Instructions

325

(5)

12-3 Sequencer Programs

330

(7)

12-4 Shift Registers

337

(5)

12-5 Word Shift Registers

342

(4)

Review Questions

346

(1)

Problems

347

(3)

Chapter 13 PLC Installation Practices, Editing, and Troubleshooting

350

(24)

13-1 PLC Enclosures

352

(1)

13-2 Electrical Noise

353

(2)

13-3 Leaky Inputs and Outputs

355

(1)

13-4 Grounding

356

(1)

13-5 Voltage Variations and Surges

357

(1)

13-6 Program Editing

358

(1)

13-7 Programming and Monitoring

359

(2)

13-8 Preventive Maintenance

361

(1)

13-9 Troubleshooting

361

(9)

Review Questions

370

(1)

Problems

370

(4)

Chapter 14 Process Control and Data Acquisition Systems

374

(25)

14-1 Types of Processes

376

(3)

14-2 Structure of Control Systems

379

(4)

14-3 Controllers

383

(7)

14-4 Data Acquisition Systems

390

(8)

Review Questions

398

(1)

Problems

399

(1)

Chapter 15 Computer-Controlled Machines and Processes

399

(28)

15-1 Computer Fundamentals

402

(7)

15-2 Computer-Integrated Manufacturing

409

(2)

15-3 Data Communications

411

(4)

15-4 Computer Numerical Control (CNC)

415

(4)

15-5 Robotics

419

(5)

Review Questions

424

(1)

Problems

425

(2)

Glossary

427

(23)

Index

450

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Programmable Logic Controllers

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