Psychology : Themes and Variations: Briefer Version

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ISBN: 9780534593124 | 0534593127
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 7/3/2001

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This exceptional guide was written by Richard Stalling and Ronald Wasden, psychology professors with more than 30 years of experience as a writing team specializing in the creation of dynamic, interactive student tools. Working closely with Wayne Weiten, Stalling and Wasden have organized each chapter in the Study Guide around Weiten's learning objectives for each text chapter. A review of key ideas for each chapter includes an engaging mix of matching exercises, fill-in-the-blank items, free-response questions, and programmed learning. In addition, the Study Guide offers key terms, a review of key people, and a self-test for each chapter in the text.

The Evolution of Psychology	p. 1
From Speculation to Science: How Psychology Developed	p. 2
Psychology Today: Vigorous and Diversified	p. 14
Putting It in Perspective: Seven Key Themes	p. 17
Personal Application-Improving Academic Performance	p. 22
Critical Thinking Application-Developing Critical Thinking Skills: An Introduction	p. 26
Review	p. 28
Practice Test	p. 29
The Research Enterprise in Psychology	p. 30
Looking for Laws: The Scientific Approach to Behavior	p. 32
Looking for Causes: Experimental Research	p. 36
Looking for Links: Descriptive/Correlational Research	p. 39
Looking for Flaws: Evaluating Research	p. 46
Looking at Ethics: Do the Ends Justify the Means?	p. 48
Putting It in Perspective	p. 50
Personal Application-Finding and Reading Journal Articles	p. 51
Critical Thinking Application-The Perils of Anecdotal Evidence: "I Have A Friend Who ..."	p. 54
Review	p. 56
Practice Test	p. 57
The Biological Bases of Behavior	p. 58
Communication in the Nervous System	p. 60
Organization of the Nervous System	p. 66
The Brain and Behavior	p. 69
Right Brain/Left Brain: Cerebral Specialization	p. 75
The Endocrine System: Another Way to Communicate	p. 78
Heredity and Behavior: Is It All In the Genes?	p. 79
The Evolutionary Bases of Behavior	p. 82
Putting It in Perspective	p. 86
Personal Application-Evaluating The Concept of "Two Minds in One"	p. 87
Critical Thinking Application-Building Better Brains: The Perils of Extrapolation	p. 90
Review	p. 92
Practice Test	p. 93
Sensation and Perception	p. 94
Our Sense of Sight: The Visual System	p. 96
Our Sense of Hearing: The Auditory System	p. 116
Our Chemical Senses: Taste and Smell	p. 119
Our Other Senses	p. 122
Putting It in Perspective	p. 125
Personal Application-Appreciating Art and Illusion	p. 126
Critical Thinking Application - Recognizing Contrast Effects: It's All Relative	p. 130
Review	p. 132
Practice Test	p. 133
Variations in Consciousness	p. 134
On the Nature of Consciousness	p. 136
Biological Rhythms and Sleep	p. 138
The Sleep and Waking Cycle	p. 140
The World of Dreams	p. 146
Hypnosis: Altered Consciousness or Role Playing?	p. 149
Meditation: Pure Consciousness or Relaxation?	p. 151
Altering Consciousness with Drugs	p. 152
Putting It in Perspective	p. 158
Personal Application-Addressing Practical Questions About Sleep and Dreams	p. 159
Critical Thinking Application-Is Alcoholism a Disease? The Power of Definitions	p. 162
Review	p. 164
Practice Test	p. 165
Learning	p. 166
Classical Conditioning	p. 168
Operant Conditioning	p. 175
Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning	p. 186
Observational Learning	p. 189
Putting It in Perspective	p. 192
Personal Application-Achieving Self-Control Through Behavior Modification	p. 193
Critical Thinking Application-Manipulating Emotions: Pavlov and Persuasion	p. 196
Review	p. 198
Practice Test	p. 199
Human Memory	p. 200
Encoding: Getting Information Into Memory	p. 202
Storage: Maintaining Information in Memory	p. 205
Retrieval: Getting Information Out of Memory	p. 212
Forgetting: When Memory Lapses	p. 213
In Search of the Memory Trace: The Physiology of Memory	p. 219
Are There Multiple Memory Systems?	p. 221
Putting It in Perspective	p. 224
Personal Application-Improving Everyday Memory	p. 225
Critical Thinking Application-Understanding the Fallibility of Eyewitness Accounts	p. 228
Review	p. 230
Practice Test	p. 231
Language and Thought	p. 232
Language: Turning Thoughts into Words	p. 234
Problem Solving: In Search of Solutions	p. 242
Decision Making: Choices and Chances	p. 249
Putting It in Perspective	p. 254
Personal Application-Understanding Pitfalls in Reasoning About Decision Making	p. 255
Critical Thinking Application-Shaping Thought with Language: "Only a Naive Moron Would Believe That"	p. 258
Review	p. 260
Practice Test	p. 261
Intelligence and Psychological Testing	p. 262
Key Concepts in Psychological Testing	p. 264
The Evolution of Intelligence Testing	p. 268
Basic Questions About Intelligence Testing	p. 271
Heredity and Environment as Determinants of Intelligence	p. 274
New Directions in the Assessment and Study of Intelligence	p. 281
Putting It in Perspective	p. 284
Personal Application-Measuring and Understanding Creativity	p. 285
Critical Thinking Application-The Intelligence Debate, Appeals to Ignorance, and Reification	p. 288
Review	p. 290
Practice Test	p. 291
Motivation and Emotion	p. 292
The Motivation of Hunger and Eating	p. 294
Sexual Motivation and Behavior	p. 298
Achievement: In Search of Excellence	p. 306
The Elements of Emotional Experience	p. 308
Theories of Emotion	p. 313
Putting It in Perspective	p. 316
Personal Application-Exploring the Ingredients of Happiness	p. 317
Critical Thinking Application-Analyzing Arguments: Making Sense Out of Controversy	p. 320
Review	p. 322
Practice Test	p. 323
Human Development Across the Life Span	p. 324
Progress Before Birth: Prenatal Development	p. 326
The Wondrous Years of Childhood	p. 329
The Transition of Adolescence	p. 342
The Expanse of Adulthood	p. 345
Putting it in Perspective	p. 350
Personal Application-Understanding Gender Differences	p. 351
Critical Thinking Application-Are Fathers Essential to Children's Well-Being?	p. 356
Review	p. 358
Practice Test	p. 359
Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment	p. 360
The Nature of Personality	p. 362
Psychodynamic Perspectives	p. 363
Behavioral Perspectives	p. 371
Humanistic Perspectives	p. 375
Biological Perspectives	p. 378
Culture and Personality	p. 381
Putting It in Perspective	p. 385
Personal Application-Understanding Personality Assessment	p. 386
Critical Thinking Application-Hindsight in Everyday Analyses of Personality	p. 390
Review	p. 392
Practice Test	p. 393
Stress, Coping, and Health	p. 394
The Nature of Stress	p. 396
Responding to Stress	p. 400
The Effects of Stress on Physical Health	p. 406
Health-Imparing Behavior	p. 411
Reactions to Illness	p. 414
Putting It in Perspective	p. 416
Personal Application-Improving Coping and Stress Management	p. 417
Critical Thinking Application-Thinking Rationally about Health Statistics and Decisions	p. 420
Review	p. 422
Practice Test	p. 423
Psychological Disorders	p. 424
Abnormal Behavior: Myths and Realities	p. 426
Anxiety Disorders	p. 430
Somatoform Disorders	p. 433
Dissociative Disorders	p. 435
Mood Disorders	p. 437
Schizophrenic Disorders	p. 442
Psychological Disorders and the Law	p. 447
Culture and Pathology	p. 447
Putting It in Perspective	p. 450
Personal Application-Understanding Eating Disorders	p. 451
Critical Thinking Application-Working with Probabilities in Thinking About Mental Illness	p. 454
Review	p. 456
Practice Test	p. 457
Treatment of Psychological Disorders	p. 458
The Elements of the Treatment Process	p. 460
Insight Therapies	p. 462
Behavior Therapies	p. 468
Biomedical Therapies	p. 471
Current Trends and Issues in Treatment	p. 475
Institutional Treatment in Transition	p. 480
Putting it in Perspective	p. 482
Personal Application-Looking for a Therapist	p. 483
Critical Thinking Application-From Crisis to Wellness--But Was It the Therapy?	p. 486
Review	p. 488
Practice Test	p. 489
Social Behavior	p. 490
Person Perception: Forming Impressions of Others	p. 492
Attribution Processes: Explaining Behavior	p. 495
Interpersonal Attraction: Liking and Loving	p. 499
Attitudes: Making Social Judgments	p. 503
Conformity and Obedience: Yielding to Others	p. 508
Behavior in Groups: Joining with Others	p. 512
Putting It in Perspective	p. 516
Personal Application-Understanding Prejudice	p. 517
Critical Thinking Application-Analyzing Credibility and Social Influence Tactics	p. 520
Review	p. 522
Practice Test	p. 523
Answers to Concept Checks	p. 1
Statistical Methods	p. 8
URLs for Recommended Web Links	p. 16
Glossary	p. 1
References	p. 1
Name Index	p. 1
Subject Index	p. 9
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.

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Psychology : Themes and Variations: Briefer Version

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