Quasicrystals

This book is aimed at researchers who are working in a field of quasicrystals to provide a reference to recent developments and ideas in the field and also at graduate students, who intend to study quasicrystals, to provide introduction of ideas. Topics in this book cover an entire field of quasicrystals, both experimental and theoretical, including new developments: the state of the art in quasicrystallography, new families of quasicrystals, phasons in aperiodic solids, ab initio studies on stability mechanism, quantum transport phenomena, elastic/plastic properties and surface of quasicrystals. Comprehensive reviews by experts in the field Complete reference of original papers and new topics Intelligible introduction of quasicrystals by experts

Preface	p. vii
Introduction to Quasicrystals
Discovery of non-crystalline rotational symmetry	p. 1
Quasiperiodic lattice	p. 2
Icosahedral quasilattice and its symmetry	p. 4
Phonons and phasons	p. 6
Electronic structure and related physical properties	p. 8
Recent Developments of Quasicrystallography
Introduction	p. 11
nD description of quasicrystals	p. 14
Decagonal, dodecagonal and icosahedral coordinate systems	p. 15
Low-density elimination method	p. 17
Modification of models in the structure refinement	p. 19
Higher-dimensional cluster models of decagonal quasicrystals	p. 23
Higher-dimensional cluster models of icosahedral quasicrystals	p. 29
Quasicrystal models with fractal occupation domains	p. 36
Symmetry breaking in clusters	p. 39
Modulation functions for quasicrystals	p. 43
Summary	p. 43
New Group of Icosahedral Quasicrystals
Introduction	p. 49
Classification of icosahedral quasicrystals	p. 50
Approximants including Tsai-type cluster	p. 50
Preparation methods of Zn- and Cu-based quasicrystals	p. 54
Zn-Mg-Sc quasicrystal as a prototype	p. 55
Other Zn- and Cu-based quasicrystals	p. 58
Single-quasicrystals and microvoids	p. 63
Central structure of the Tsai-type cluster	p. 64
Alloy chemistry and the Tsai-type quasicrystals	p. 67
Conclusion	p. 71
Quasicrystals and Approximants in Cd-M Systems and Related Alloys
Introduction	p. 75
Approximants in the Cd-M systems	p. 78
Stable quasicrystals of the Cd-Yb class	p. 90
Hume-Rothery conditions for the stable quasicrystals	p. 98
Concluding remarks	p. 104
Phason Modes in Aperiodic Crystals
Introduction: Hydrodynamic modes and quasiperiodic structures	p. 107
Modulated crystals	p. 116
Binary composites	p. 126
Hydrodynamics of icosahedral phases	p. 129
Phason modes in the icosahedral AlPdMn quasicrystal	p. 142
Phason modes in other quasicrystals	p. 155
Conclusion	p. 162
Electronic Structures and Stability Mechanism of Quasicrystals
Introduction	p. 171
Stability mechanism - Hume-Rothery versus hybridization	p. 173
Ab initio methods for calculating electronic structures of QCs	p. 176
Electronic structure of QC-related compounds	p. 179
Concluding remarks	p. 203
Quantum Transport in Quasicrystals and Complex Metallic Alloys
Introduction	p. 209
Quantum formalism for electronic transport	p. 211
Anomalous quantum diffusion and conductivity in periodic and quasiperiodic systems	p. 228
Evidence of anomalous quantum diffusion in quasicrystals and approximants	p. 245
Conclusion	p. 261
Elastic and Plastic Properties of Quasicrystals
Introduction	p. 267
Elastic properties	p. 268
Dislocations and their motion	p. 282
Mechanical properties	p. 291
Deformation mechanisms	p. 297
Ab-Initio Studies of Quasicrystalline Surfaces
Introduction	p. 313
Computational method	p. 316
Fivefold surface of i-Al-Pd-Mn	p. 316
Study of the tenfold surface of d-Al-Co-Ni	p. 337
Summary	p. 349
Outlook	p. 351
Index	p. 357
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