Reaction Kinetics and Reactor Design, Second

This text combines a description of the origin and use of fundamental chemical kinetics through an assessment of realistic reactor problems with an expanded discussion of kinetics and its relation to chemical thermodynamics. It provides exercises, open-ended situations drawing on creative thinking, and worked-out examples. A solutions manual is also available to instructors.

John B. Butt is Walter P. Murphy Professor of Chemical Engineering, Emeritus, Department of Chemical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois.

Preface to the Second Edition

iii

Preface to the First Edition

v

Apparent Reaction Kinetics in Homogeneous Systems

1

(106)

Mass Conservation and Chemical Reaction

1

(5)

Reaction Rate Equations: The Mass Action Law

6

(3)

Temperature Dependence of Reaction Rate

9

(3)

Rate Laws and Integrated Forms for Elementary Steps

12

(13)

Kinetics of ``Nearly Complex'' Reaction Sequences

25

(10)

Kinetics of Complex Reaction Sequences---Chain Reations

35

(14)

Chemical Equilibrium

49

(13)

Reaction Rates and Conversion in Nonisothermal Systems

62

(12)

Interpretation of Kinetic Information

74

(33)

Exercises

93

(11)

Notation

104

(3)

The Mechanisms of Chemical Reactions in Homogeneous Phases

107

(62)

Elementary Kinetic Theory

107

(9)

Collision Theory of Reaction Rates

116

(17)

Transition-State Theory of Reaction Rates

133

(18)

Experimental Results on the Kinetics of Various Reactions

151

(4)

Some Estimation Methods

155

(14)

Exercises

160

(5)

Notation

165

(4)

The Mechanisms of Chemical Reactions on Surfaces

169

(62)

Adsorption and Desorption

170

(17)

Surface Reactions with Rate-Controlling Steps

187

(7)

Surface Reactions and Nonideal Surfaces

194

(3)

Enzyme and Microbial Kinetics

197

(5)

Interpretation of the Kinetics of Reactions on Surfaces

202

(10)

Decline of Surface Activity: Catalyst Deactivation

212

(19)

Exercises

219

(7)

Notation

226

(5)

Introduction to Chemical Reactor Theory

231

(100)

Reaction in Mixed or Segregated Systems

232

(3)

Age Distributions and Macromixing

235

(10)

Mixing Models: Reactors with Ideal Flows

245

(7)

Applications of Ideal Reactor Models

252

(37)

Temperature Effects in Ideal Reactors

289

(12)

Catalyst Deactivation in Flow Reactors

301

(7)

Other Fixed Beds and Other Waves: Ion Exchange and Adsorption

308

(23)

Exercises

315

(11)

Notation

326

(5)

Modeling of Real Reactors

331

(68)

Deviations from Ideal Flows

332

(1)

Modeling of Nonideal Flow or Mixing Effects on Reactor Performance

332

(24)

Combined Models for Macroscopic Flow Phenomena

356

(5)

Modeling of Nonideal Reactors

361

(38)

Exercises

391

(4)

Notation

395

(4)

Thermal Effects in the Modeling of Real Reactors

399

(58)

Mixing-Cell Sequences

399

(25)

Some Reactor/Heat-Exchanger Systems

424

(6)

Gradients and Profiles

430

(15)

Temperature Forcing of Reactors with Catalyst Decay

445

(12)

Exercises

451

(1)

Notation

452

(5)

Reactions in Heterogeneous Systems

457

(114)

Reactions in Gas/Solid Systems

457

(64)

Reactions in Gas/Liquid Systems

521

(16)

Two-Phase Reactor Models: The Dispersion Approach

537

(34)

Exercises

560

(6)

Notation

566

(5)

Multiphase Reactors

571

(102)

Fluidized-Bed Reactors

571

(21)

Slurry Reactors

592

(16)

Gas-Liquid Reactors

608

(27)

Trickle-Bed Reactors

635

(38)

Exercises

660

(6)

Notation

666

(7)

Some More Unsteady-State Problems

673

(48)

The Adsorption Wave

673

(22)

Chromatography

695

(14)

Deactivation Waves

709

(12)

Exercises

712

(4)

Notation

716

(5)

Index

721

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Reaction Kinetics and Reactor Design, Second Edition

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials