Religious Orders Vol 1

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ISBN: 9780521295666 | 0521295661
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 10/31/1979

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This is the first of a series of volumes which have become recognised as one of the great monuments of English historical scholarship. The late Dom David Knowles egan work on the subject in 1929; The Monastic Order in England appeared in 1948, 1955 and 1959. This volume begins the account of a whole way of Christian life and a unique element of English civilisation, from Anglo-Saxon times to the mid-sixteenth century. It opens with a survey of monastic life and activities of the old orders to 1340; goes on to record the impact of the Friars, and concludes with a general survey of the monasteries and their world.

Preface

List of Abbreviations

Part One The Old Orders, 1216---1340

The thirteenth century

(6)

Characteristics---the reforming bishops---the religious

Reorganization among the Black Monks, 1216--1336

(19)

The early provincial chapters---domestic reforms---the monks at Oxford

The Augustinian chapters, 1216--1339

(4)

Organization of the chapters---the statutes of Helaugh Park

The exploitation of the land

(17)

Manor and demesne in the twelfth century---the resumption of demesne---control of the estates---commercial farming---administration of the manors: the wardens and the chequer---improvement of the land---some great high farmers: Canterbury, Peterborough, Glastonbury

Henry of Eastry

(6)

The monastic administration

(9)

Centralization of finances---the treasury system---audit at the chequer

The agrarian economy of the Cistercians

(14)

Sheep farming---credit transactions---corn for the market---the Cistercian grange---finance and administration

The system of visitation

(7)

Four kinds of visitor---the visitation procedure---interpretation of the documents

The first century of visitation: (I)

(12)

Introductory---the York registers---some troublesome cases---the punishment of faults---financial mismanagement

The first century of visitation: (II)

(17)

Worcester and Hereford---Wells and Exeter---Winchester and London---the Cluniac houses---metropolitan visitations---judgement on the system

Part Two The Friars, 1216---1340

The Friars Minor

114

(13)

St Francis: his ideal and its originality---a new way of Christian life

The coming of the Minors

127

(19)

Thomas of Eccleston---the Minors in 1224---arrival in England---the first friaries---early days in the province---the place of the English friars in the order---examples of holy life---a share in the controversies

The order of Preachers

146

(17)

St Dominic: his life and genius---the Constitutions of the Preachers: the two Distinctions---schools and chapters---government by the most able---success of the legislation

The Preachers in England

163

(8)

The first arrivals---the schools---confessors and diplomats

The evolution of the Franciscan ideal

171

(9)

The beginnings of an order---Haymo of Faversham---the magistri, the zelanti and St Bonaventure

The apostolic work of the Friars

180

(14)

Companions of the bishops---multiplication of privileges: Nimis iniqua to Ad fructus uberes---the reactions and final settlement---the working of Super cathedram in England---the great controversies: William of St Amour to Jean de Pouilli---the university question: Oxford and Cambridge---relations between monks and friars

Carmelites, Austin Hermits and lesser orders

194

(11)

The early English Franciscan scholastics

205

(12)

Origins of the Oxford school: Grosseteste and Adam Marsh---Thomas of York and his successors---Roger Bacon

Doctrinal and moral controversies: Kilwardby and Pecham

217

(16)

The career of Kilwardby---rival theories of poverty---Augustinians, Averroists and Thomists---the Question of Forms---the condemnations of 1277---the career of Pecham---the condemnations of 1284--5

The Friars from the Council of Lyons to William of Ockham (1272--1340)

233

(21)

The schools: Sutton and Trivet---Duns Scotus---William of Ockham---John Baconthorpe---transition to modern thought---the papal court: the Poverty of Christ---the case of Thomas Waleys

Part Three The Monasteries and their World

The cathedral monasteries

254

(9)

The rights of the bishop---the convent and cathedral chapter---the prior---the `democratic' administration---Canterbury and St Edmund Rich

The monastic boroughs

263

(7)

Organization and administration---struggles and revolts, 1327 and 1381

The abbot

270

(10)

Powers of the abbot---his council---his household---abbots in public life---exempt abbeys vis-d-vis Curia and Crown

The daily life of the monastery

280

(11)

The horarium---meat-eating---recreation---vacations---the noviciate---lay brothers---the peculium---the monk's home---personal sanctification

Intellectual life---history, art and music

291

(17)

Matthew Paris, his life and work---monastic chronicles---Art: the school of St Albans---psalters and apocalypses---the East Anglian school---the writing of books---a Franciscan artist. Music and the Chant: Gregorian chant and polyphony---the Worcester school

Monastic England, 1216--1340

308

(13)

Survey of the black monks---the white monks and canons---changes in the period

Appendices

321

(6)

Bibliography

327

(14)

Index

341

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Religious Orders Vol 1

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials