The Routledge Companion To World History

The Routledge Companion to World History since 1914is an outstanding compendium of facts and figures on World History. Fully up-to-date, reliable and clear, this volume is the indispensable source of information on topics such as: * Anti-Semitism and the Holocaust * all the world's major famines and natural disasters since 1914 * GNP of the world's major states, year by year * biographies of key figures * civil rights movements * the rise of terrorism Thematically presented, the book covers topics relevant to history, politics and international relations, from the First World War to the Iraq War of 2003, from post-colonial Africa to conflicts and movements in South-East Asia. With maps, chronologies and full bibliography, this user-friendly reference is the essential companion for students of history, politics and international relations, as well asthose with an interest in world history

Chris Cook is the former Head of the Modern Archives Unit at the London School of Economics.

List of maps

ix

Preface and acknowledgements

x

Part I Political history

1

(258)

Europe

3

(82)

The First World War

3

(5)

Manpower and casualties of major combatants, 1914--18

8

(1)

Peace treaties after the First World War

9

(3)

The Russian Revolution and Stalin's Russia, 1914--41

12

(9)

Germany, 1918--39

21

(7)

France, 1918--44

28

(4)

Spain: the Civil War and its background, 1923--39

32

(4)

Italy, 1919--45

36

(3)

International background to the Second World War

39

(6)

The Second World War

45

(6)

Mobilization and casualties in the Second World War (all theatres)

51

(1)

The Holocaust: Jews killed in Europe, 1941--5

52

(1)

The Cold War and Eastern Europe since 1942

53

(21)

Western Europe since 1945

74

(11)

The Middle East

85

(14)

The Middle East since 1914

85

(7)

The Ataturk Revolution and the fall of the Ottoman Empire

92

(2)

Palestine: from the Balfour Declaration to 1948

94

(1)

Arab--Israeli conflict since 1948

95

(4)

Africa

99

(27)

The making of modern Africa

99

(19)

Twentieth-century South Africa

118

(8)

The Far East

126

(34)

Japan since 1914

126

(4)

The making of the Chinese revolution, 1914--49

130

(2)

China since 1949

132

(4)

India and Pakistan, 1914--47

136

(3)

The Second World War in Asia and the Pacific, 1937--45

139

(2)

Casualties in the Pacific Island Campaign

141

(1)

Warships launched in Japan and the United States, 1937--45

142

(1)

Aircraft production in Japan and the United States, 1939--45

143

(1)

The Indian subcontinent since 1947

144

(5)

Indo-China and Vietnam, 1945--75

149

(4)

South-east Asia since 1945

153

(7)

Australasia

160

(6)

Australia and New Zealand since 1914

160

(6)

Latin America and the Caribbean

166

(34)

The United States as regional `gendarme', 1912--33

166

(1)

Latin America, 1916--30

167

(4)

Latin America, 1930--9: the age of the dictators

171

(4)

Latin America and the Caribbean, 1940--59

175

(6)

The Cuban revolution, 1917--62

181

(4)

Latin America and the Caribbean since 1960

185

(15)

North America

200

(28)

United States, 1914--41

200

(5)

United States since 1945

205

(10)

United States and the world from 1945

215

(9)

Canada since 1914

224

(4)

Heads of state and selected ministers or rulers

228

(31)

Part II Wars and international affairs

259

(96)

Principal international organizations and groupings

261

(10)

Major treaties and international agreements

271

(11)

The League of Nations

282

(3)

The United Nations

285

(5)

The new nations since 1914

290

(5)

Wars and major armed conflicts

295

(38)

Casualties in selected conflicts since 1945

333

(1)

Nuclear development and arms control

334

(7)

Strategic nuclear weapons of the superpowers, 1963--85

341

(1)

Nuclear warhead stockpiles, 1945--2002

341

(1)

Strategic nuclear arsenals of other states, 1960--86

342

(1)

Major acts of terrorism and assassinations

343

(12)

Part III Economic and social history

355

(50)

Estimated world population, 1900--2025

357

(1)

Annual growth of world population: specimen years, 1950--2000

357

(1)

Population of individual countries

358

(6)

Population density and urbanization: selected countries

364

(2)

Population of major world cities

366

(2)

Life expectancy at birth for world and world areas, 1950--85

368

(1)

Infant mortality rate for world and world areas, 1950--85

369

(1)

Median age of the world population by major areas, 1950--85

369

(1)

Birth and death rates: selected countries, 2000

369

(2)

Natural increase and life expectancy: selected countries, 2000

371

(2)

Life expectancy and infant mortality by region, 2000

373

(1)

Major population and refugee movements

374

(3)

Output of wheat: selected countries, 1913--2002

377

(1)

Output of rice: major producers, 1962--2002

378

(1)

Output of coal and lignite: selected countries, 1920--2001

378

(1)

Output of steel: selected countries, 1910--2002

379

(1)

Motor vehicles produced: selected countries, 1921--2002

379

(1)

Output of electricity: selected countries, 1920--2002

380

(1)

Output of crude oil: selected countries, 1950--84

380

(1)

Output of crude oil: selected countries, 2000

381

(1)

Famines and major natural disasters since 1914

382

(3)

World health, disease and medicine

385

(3)

HIV infections and AIDS deaths worldwide, 1980--2000

388

(1)

The environment and pollution: major events since 1945

389

(2)

World carbon emissions from fossil fuel burning, 1950--2000

391

(1)

The changed status of women: key events

391

(5)

The telecommunications and IT revolution

396

(3)

Developments in human rights since 1918

399

(6)

Part IV Biographies

405

(44)

Part V Glossary of terms

449

(46)

Part VI Topic Bibliography

495

(62)

Maps

557

(14)

Index

571

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The Routledge Companion To World History Since 1914

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials