- ISBN: 9781118273418 | 1118273419
- Cover: Paperback
- Copyright: 9/11/2012
The second edition of A Russian Grammar Workbook provides a rigorous and hands-on approach to Russian grammar for students who are intent on mastering the nuance and complexities of this language. Revised and updated version of the popular and comprehensive workbook offering detailed coverage of all aspects of Russian grammar New edition reflects changes in Russian lexis and grammar over the past few years Features over 230 sets of structured exercises Packed with activities ranging from substitution drills and multiple choice questions, to grammatical quizzes and translation exercises May be used independently or in conjunction with Wade's A Comprehensive Russian Grammar, 3rd edition; a transparent structure links directly to the Grammar for ease of reference between the two volumes
Terence Wade (1930–2005) was Professor Emeritus and Research Fellow in Russian Studies at the University of Strathclyde, Glasgow. He wrote 12 books, including Prepositions in Modern Russian (1985), Russian Etymological Dictionary (1996), The Russian Language Today (with Larissa Ryazanova-Clarke, 1999), and A Comprehensive Russian Grammar, third edition (revised by David Gillespie, Wiley-Blackwell, 2010).
David Gillespie is Professor of Russian at the University of Bath, UK, where he has taught Russian language and culture since 1985. He is the author of 8 books and more than 50 papers on modern Russian literature and film.
Preface to the First Edition xv
Preface to the Second Edition xvi
The Noun 1
Gender
1 First and second declensions [30–2, 34] 1
2 Soft-sign nouns [33] 2
3 Common gender [35] 2
4 Indeclinable nouns of foreign origin [36] 2
5 Differentiation of gender through suffi xes. Professions [43–4] 3
6 Animals [45] 4
Declension
7 Animacy [47] 4
8 Nouns which have a plural form only [49] 5
9 First declension: masculine nouns [50–2] 5
10 Partitive genitive in -?/-? [53] 6
11 Prepositional/locative singular in -ý/-F [54] 7
12 Special masculine plural forms [55] 7
13 First declension: neuter nouns in -o [58] 8
14 First declension: nouns in -e, -??, -?, -?? [59] 9
15 Second declension: nouns in -?/-? [61] 9
16 Third declension: soft-sign feminine nouns [63] 11
17 Declension of neuter nouns in -?? [64] 12
18 Declension of nouns in -??/-?? [65] 12
19 ?é?? and ?F?? [68] 12
20 Declension of fi rst names/surnames [69–70] 13
21 Apposition in the names of publications, towns etc. [72] 13
22 Agreement of ???, ??????????ó etc. [75] 14
Case Usage
23 The nominative [77] 14
24 The accusative [79] 15
25 The genitive [80–2] 15
26 The partitive genitive [83–4] 16
27 Genitive and negative [86] 17
28 Genitive and accusative after negated verbs [87] 17
29 Verbs that take the genitive [88] 18
30 The dative as indirect object of a verb [89] 21
31 Verbs that take the dative [90] 21
32 Impersonal constructions using the dative [92] 22
33 The instrumental of function [94] 23
34 The instrumental in passive constructions [96] 23
35 Verbs that take the instrumental [99] 24
36 The instrumental of dimension [101] 24
37 The instrumental as predicate [102] 25
38 Nouns in apposition [103] 26
Revision exercises: case usage 26
The Pronoun 31
39 Personal pronouns [110] 31
40 The pronoun ? [113] 32
41 The pronouns ?? and ?? [115] 32
42 The third-person pronouns (??, ??á, ??ó, ??D) [116] 33
43 The refl exive pronoun ???B [117] 33
44 The possessive pronouns ???, ????, ???, ??? [118] 34
45 The possessive pronouns ??ó, ??, ?? [119] 34
46 The refl exive possessive pronoun ????, ???B, ????, ???D [120] 35
47 ???, ???, ???ó?, ???ó???, ??? as interrogative pronouns [121–2] 35
48 ???ó???, ???, ??? and ??? as relative pronouns [123] 36
49 The demonstrative pronouns J??? and ??? [125–6] 38
50 ??? and ?á??? [131] 38
51 ????, ?é???, ??B???, ?á????, ???ó? [132] 39
52 ????ó [134] 39
53 ????ó [135] 40
54 ?????ó? and ???é? [136] 41
55 The ‘potential’ negative pronouns ?é????, ?é???? [137] 41
56 Indefi nite pronouns with the particles -??, -?????? [138] 42
57 ?é??????? [141] 44
58 Other parts of speech which can also function as pronouns [143] 44
The Adjective 45
The Long Form of the Adjective
59 ‘Mixed’ declension [146] 45
60 Soft-ending adjectives [147] 45
61 Formation of adjectives from nouns: the suffi xes -?-, -??-and -o?-/-e?- [148] 46
62 Attributive use of the long adjective [155] 46
63 Use of the long adjective with predicative meaning [156] 48
Revision exercises: declension of adjectives 48
The Short Form of the Adjective
64 Endings of the short form of the adjective [159] 50
65 The mobile vowels -?-, -o- and -?- in the masculine short form [161] 50
66 Some special short forms [162] 50
67 Short forms: pairs of opposites [168] 51
68 Adjectives of dimension [169] 51
69 Delimitation of meaning by the oblique case of a noun or pronoun [170] 52
70 Delimitation of meaning by a prepositional phrase [171] 53
Revision exercises: short-form and long-form adjectives 53
The Comparative Degree of the Adjective
71 The attributive comparative with ?ó??? [177] 55
72 One-word attributive comparatives [178] 56
73 Predicative comparative forms in -?? [179] 56
74 Comparative short forms in -e in predicative meaning [180–1] 57
75 Constructions with the comparative [182] 58
76 Other functions of the short-form comparative [184] 59
The Superlative Degree of the Adjective
77 The superlative degree with ?á??? [185] 60
78 ?H???? and ?D???? [186] 60
The Numeral 61
Cardinal, Collective and Indefinite Numerals
79 The cardinal numeral [190] 61
80 Declension of cardinal numerals [191] 62
81 The numeral ??D?, ???á, ???ó, ???D [193] 62
82 ??????á/??????H, ???/???, ???, ???H??, ó??/ó?? [194] 63
83 Numerals five and above [195] 64
84 Agreement of oblique cases of numerals ??????á/??????H to 999 with oblique plural forms of nouns [196] 65
85 Declension of compound numerals [198] 66
86 Collective numerals [200] 67
87 Indefi nite numerals [201] 68
88 Agreement of the predicate with a subject that contains a numeral [202] 69
Ordinal Numerals
89 Formation of ordinal numerals. Usage [203–4] 70
Special Functions of Numerals
90 Telling the time [206] 71
91 Giving the date [207] 73
92 Numerals in compound nouns and adjectives [211] 74
The Verb 75
Conjugation
93 First-conjugation verbs with stems ending in a vowel [215] 75
94 First-conjugation verbs with consonant stems I [216] 77
95 First-conjugation verbs with consonant stems II: verbs
in -??? with consonant mutation throughout conjugation [217] 78
96 First-conjugation verbs with consonant stems III: verbs in -??, -???/-???, -?? [218] 79
97 Present-future endings in the second conjugation [220–1] 81
98 Consonant change in the conjugation of second-conjugation verbs [222] 82
Revision exercises: conjugation of verbs 82
99 The verb ‘to be’ [226] 84
100 Formation of and stress in the imperative [227–8] 85
Revision exercise: imperative mood 86
101 Formation of the past tense [230–1] 86
102 The mobile vowel -o- in conjugation [234] 89
Aspect
103 Introductory [235]. Formation of the perfective by prefi xation [239]. Submeanings of perfectives [242] 89
104 The formation of imperfectives from prefixed first-conjugation verbs [244] 91
105 Secondary imperfectives based on second-conjugation verbs [246] 91
106 Consonant mutation in secondary imperfectives based on second-conjugation verbs [247] 91
107 Secondary imperfectives based on monosyllabic verbs [248] 92
108 The differentiation of aspects by conjugation. Aspectival pairs with different roots. Verbs which are refl exive in the imperfective aspect only [250–2] 92
109 Compounds of -?????? [253] 94
110 Meanings of verbal prefixes [254] 94
111 The imperfective and perfective aspects [255] 95
112 Aspect in the present tense [256] 97
113 Aspect in the past tense [257] 98
114 Use of the imperfective past to denote an action and its reverse [259] 99
115 Use of the imperfective past to denote a forthcoming event [261] 100
116 Negated verbs in the past [262] 100
117 Aspect in the future [263] 101
118 The ‘logical’ future [264] 102
119 The future in reported speech [265] 102
120 Use of the future to express repeated actions [266] 103
121 Use of the imperative in the context of a single action [270] 103
122 Use of the imperative to exhort and invite [271] 104
123 Negative commands/warnings [273] 104
124 Aspect in the infi nitive. Introductory [276] 105
125 Use of the infi nitive to denote habitual actions [277] 105
126 Use of the imperfective infinitive after verbs of beginning, continuing and concluding [278] 106
127 Inadvisable and advisable actions [279] 106
128 A request to perform/not to perform an action [280] 107
Revision exercises: aspect 108
Reflexive Verbs
129 Reflexive verbs. The ‘true’ reflexive [284–5] 110
130 Intransitive refl exives [287] 111
131 Refl exive verbs with passive meaning [288] 112
132 Reciprocal meanings [289] 112
The Passive Voice
133 The passive voice [300–3] 113
The Conditional and Subjunctive Moods
134 The conditional mood [304–5] 114
135 Use of the subjunctive to express wish or desire [308] 115
136 The subjunctive of purposeful endeavour [309] 116
137 Purpose clauses [310] 117
138 The expression of hypothesis [311] 117
139 Concessive constructions [312] 118
Constructions Expressing Obligation, Necessity, Possibility or Potential
140 The expression of obligation and necessity [313] 119
141 The expression of possibility or potential [314] 120
Verbs of Motion
142 Unidirectional and multidirectional verbs of motion.
Conjugation [315–16] 121
143 Imperatives and past tense of verbs of motion [317–18] 121
144 ‘To go’: ???D/???D?? and é????/é????? [319] 122
145 Functions of unidirectional verbs of motion [320] 122
146 Unidirectional verbs in frequentative contexts [321] 123
147 Functions of multidirectional verbs of motion [322] 123
148 Use of the past tense of a multidirectional verb to denote a single return journey. Perfectives of unidirectional verbs [323/326] 124
149 The verbs ????D, ???D??; ????D, ???D??; ????D, ???D??.
Translation of ‘to drive’ [324–5] 125
150 Perfectives of multidirectional verbs [329] 126
151 Compound verbs of motion [331] 126
152 Prefi xed verbs of motion [332/334] 128
153 Spelling rules in the formation of compound verbs of motion [333] 129
154 Use of the imperfective past of a compound verb of motion to denote an action and its reverse [335] 129
155 Figurative and idiomatic uses of compound verbs of motion [336] 130
156 Perfectives in c- based on multidirectional verbs [337] 130
Participles
157 Present active participle. Formation and stress [340–1] 131
158 The past active participle. Formation and stress [342–3] 132
159 The imperfective passive participle. Formation and stress [344–7] 133
160 Formation of the perfective passive participle from infinitives in -???/-??? [349] 134
161 Formation of the long-form (attributive) participle from verbs in -???/-??? [351] 135
162 Formation of the short-form participle from second-conjugation verbs in -???/-??? [352] 135
163 Consonant mutation in participles from second-conjugation infi nitives in -???/-??? [353] 136
164 Formation of the long-form (attributive) participle from second-conjugation verbs in -???/-??? [354] 137
165 Formation of perfective passive participles (short form) from verbs in -??, -??, -???, -??? [355] 138
166 Long-form participles from verbs in -??, -??, -???, -??? [356] 139
167 Perfective passive participles in -? [357] 140
168 The long form of participles in -? [358] 140
169 Functions of short-form participles [359] 140
170 Functions of long-form participles [360] 141
171 Agreement of long-form participle and noun [361] 143
172 Text on participles [339–66] 145
Gerunds
173 Formation of/stress in the imperfective gerund. Lack of an imperfective gerund [368–71] 146
174 Formation of the perfective gerund [372–6] 147
175 Functions of the gerunds [377] 148
176 Special features of constructions with gerunds [378] 149
The Adverb 150
177 Adverbs derived from adjectives/nouns [382–3] 150
178 Adverbs derived from pronouns [386] 151
179 Primary spatial adverbs [387] 152
180 Primary adverbs of time [388] 152
181 ???, ??? ??, ??? ??? [389–90] 153
182 The temporal adverbs ?ó???, ????ó and ???á??? [391] 153
183 ?ó??, ?á??? [394] 154
184 Indefinite adverbs (adverbs in -?? and -??????) [395] 154
185 The negative adverbs ????é, ?????á, ?????ý??, ??????á, ???á?, ????ó???? [396] 155
186 The negative adverbs ?é???, ?é????, ?é?????, ?é??????, ?é????? [397] 156
187 Comparative adverbs [398] 156
188 The superlative adverb [400] 157
The Preposition 158
189 The prepositions ?/??/??? [402] 158
190 The mobile vowel -? [404] 158
Spatial Prepositions
191 ? and ?? + prepositional/accusative, ??/? + genitive [408] 159
192 The use of ? and ?? with geographical terminology and the names of organizations, buildings and parts of buildings [409] 160
193 Nouns which may be used with ? and ??, but with different meanings [410] 162
194 Accusative of destination and genitive of withdrawal [411] 164
195 Uses of ?? when the dependent noun denotes an activity, event [412] 165
196 ? and ??: extension of the spatial meanings [413] 165
Prepositions that Denote the Position of an Object in Relation to Another Object
197 ?a + instrumental/accusative, ??-?? + genitive [414] 165
198 ????? + instrumental, ??????D + genitive [416] 166
199 ??? + instrumental/accusative, ??-??? + genitive [417] 166
200 ??? + instrumental, ???é?? + genitive [418] 167
Prepositions that Denote Spatial Closeness to an Object, Movement Towards or Away from an Object
201 ? + genitive, ? + dative, ?? + genitive [420] 168
Prepositions that Denote Along, Across, Through a Spatial Area
202 ?? + dative; ?????, ???ò?? + accusative; ???????, ??ò?? + genitive [424] 169
Temporal Prepositions
203 Telling the time [426] 170
204 Days [427] 171
205 Parts of a day [428] 172
206 Weeks, months, years and centuries [429] 172
207 ?? ??é??, ? ???é??? [430] 173
The Use of Prepositions to Denote Action in Relation to Various Time Limits
208 The use of ? + genitive, ?? + genitive to denote terminal points in time [434] 174
209 Use of ? + dative and ??? + accusative to denote temporal approach [435] 174
210 Use of ?/?? + accusative to denote the time taken to complete an action. Use of ? + accusative to denote the period during which an action occurs a stated number of times [436–7] 175
211 Use of prepositions to denote sequence in time (before, after etc.) [439] 176
Other Meanings
212 Prepositions with causal meaning [443] 177
213 Prepositions that denote the object of feelings and attitudes [444] 178
214 Prepositions that denote extent [445] 178
215 Prepositions that denote purpose [446] 179
216 ?? + dative/accusative in distributive meaning [448] 179
Other Important Meanings Expressed by Prepositions
217 Prepositions that take the accusative [449] 179
218 Prepositions that take the genitive [450] 181
219 Prepositions that take the dative, instrumental or prepositional [451–3] 183
The Conjunction 185
Co-ordinating Conjunctions
220 Connective and adversative conjunctions [455–6] 185
221 Disjunctive conjunctions [457] 186
Subordinating Conjunctions
222 Explanatory conjunctions [458] 187
223 Conjunctions of purpose [460] 187
224 Temporal conjunctions. Introductory and those which render ‘before’, ‘after’, ‘until’, ‘since’ [465–6] 188
225 Other conjunctions of time [467] 189
The Particle 191
226 ‘Almost’, ‘only’ [471] 191
227 Modal functions of particles [472] 192
Word Order 194
228 ‘New’ and ‘given’ information [476] 194
229 Relative position of subject and verb [477] 195
230 Subject, verb, object [478] 196
231 The position of the adverb [480] 198
232 Sentences that contain more than one adverb or adverbial phrase [481] 199
Grammar Quiz 200
Key 202
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