The Satirical Gaze Prints of Women in Late

This is the first scholarly study to focus on satirical prints of women in the late eighteenth century. This was the golden age of graphic satire: thousands of prints were published, and they were viewed by nearly all sections of the population. These prints both reflected and sought to shape contemporary debate about the role of women in society. Cindy McCreery's study examines the beliefs and prejudices of Georgian England which they revealed.

Note on Figures

xi

List of Figures

xii

Abbreviations

xviii

Introduction

1

(2)

Late Eighteenth-Century England

3

(1)

Women in Late Eighteenth-Century England

4

(2)

Women in Satirical Prints

6

(1)

State of the Field

7

(3)

Structure of the Book

10

(3)

Satirical Prints of Women and the London Art Market

13

(26)

Scope of the Art Market

14

(5)

Satirical Prints and the Art Market: Production and Distribution

19

(11)

Satirical Prints and Society: Consumption and Response

30

(8)

Conclusion

38

(1)

Women in the Street: Prostitutes and Market Vendors

39

(41)

Traditional Views of Prostitutes

40

(5)

Prostitutes, Market Vendors, and the London Landscape

45

(12)

Prostitutes as Outsiders

57

(14)

Prostitutes as Victims

71

(6)

Conclusion

77

(3)

Women on the Stage: Courtesans and Scandalous Actresses

80

(35)

Definitions

81

(3)

The Visual Tradition

84

(2)

Kitty Fisher and her Successors

86

(13)

The Height of Fame: Courtesans and Scandalous Actresses in the 1780s and 1790s

99

(6)

Courtesans and the Limits of Social Acceptance

105

(8)

Conclusion

113

(2)

Women in Male Roles: Literary Ladies and Masculine Politicians

115

(33)

Women as Muses, Artists, Writers, and Performers

116

(17)

Women in the Classroom and on the Playing Field

133

(6)

Feminine and Unfeminine Fashions and Female Sexual Power

139

(2)

Women as Politicians

141

(6)

Conclusion

147

(1)

Women at Home and Abroad I: Aristocratic Adulteresses and Patriotic Wives

148

(37)

Attitudes to Marriage

149

(4)

Aristocratic Adulteresses

153

(14)

Aristocratic Wives' Social Influence

167

(6)

Victimized and Exemplary Wives

173

(9)

Conclusion

182

(3)

Women at Home and Abroad II: Fashionable Mammas and Natural Mothers

185

(27)

Attitudes to Motherhood

186

(1)

Fashionable Motherhood

187

(8)

Powerful Mothers

195

(7)

Powerful Mothers

202

(8)

Conclusion

210

(2)

Women over 35: Old Maids, Merry Widows, and Cosy Wives

212

(40)

Marital and Social Categories

213

(16)

Fashion and Women over 35

229

(8)

Single Old Aristocratic Women

237

(12)

Conclusion

249

(3)

Conclusion

252

(4)

Bibliography

256

(17)

Index

273

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The Satirical Gaze Prints of Women in Late Eighteenth-Century England

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Table of Contents

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