Schaum's Outline of Punctuation,

No matter how expert, few writers can do without a good guide to the basic mechanics of writing. This book equips users to write first drafts of themes and papers that fulfill the requirements of good style. More than 100 exercises give opportunities for practise. The handy appendix shows current conventions for punctuating footnotes, bibliographies, and personal and business letters, making this a valuable reference for anyone who wants to write clear English.

The Period, the Question Mark, and the Exclamation Point

1

(15)

The Period

1

(4)

At the End of a Sentence

1

(1)

In Abbreviations

2

(1)

Quotations

3

(1)

With Parentheses

4

(1)

With Commas

5

(1)

The Question Mark

5

(6)

Direct Questions

5

(1)

Indirect Questions

6

(1)

Polite Requests

7

(1)

Questions within a Sentence

7

(2)

Uncertain Information

9

(1)

Question Marks Not Used to Indicate Irony

9

(1)

Inside or Outside Quotation Marks?

10

(1)

The Exclamation Point

11

(4)

Emphatic Interjections

11

(1)

Exclamatory Phrases, Clauses, and Sentences

12

(1)

Forceful Commands

13

(1)

Inside or Outside Quotation Marks?

13

(2)

The Comma

15

(33)

Items in a Series

15

(1)

Words in Series

15

(1)

Phrases in Series

15

(1)

Clauses in Series

15

(1)

The Final Comma in a Series

16

(1)

The Bacon-and-Eggs Mistake

17

(1)

Independent Clauses

18

(1)

Introductory Phrases and Clauses

19

(2)

Verbal Phrases

21

(2)

Coordinate Adjectives

23

(1)

Splitting the Unsplittable

24

(1)

Introductory Modifiers

25

(1)

Nonrestrictive Phrases and Clauses

26

(3)

Appositives

29

(2)

Subordinate Clauses after Independent Clause

31

(3)

Interrupters

34

(2)

I, Love, You

36

(1)

Absolute Phrases

37

(1)

Quotations

38

(2)

Dates

40

(1)

Addresses and Place Names

41

(1)

Titles and Degrees

41

(1)

Omitted Words

42

(1)

Replacing and

43

(1)

Clarity, the Overriding Requirement

44

(2)

With Quotation Marks

46

(2)

The Semicolon and the Colon

48

(11)

The Semicolon

48

(5)

With Independent Clauses

48

(1)

With Conjunctive Adverbs

49

(2)

With Internally Punctuated Series

51

(1)

As Comma Substitute

52

(1)

The Colon

53

(6)

With Enumerations and Lists

53

(2)

With Formal Statements, Quotations, Questions

55

(1)

With Independent Clauses

56

(1)

Miscellaneous Uses of the Colon

57

(1)

A Semicolon Is Not a Colon

58

(1)

Parentheses and Brackets

59

(5)

Parentheses

59

(3)

With Relevant but Not Vital Information

59

(2)

Miscellaneous Uses

61

(1)

Brackets

62

(2)

Editorial Changes and Comments

62

(1)

Parenthetic Material within Parenthetic Material

63

(1)

Quotation Marks

64

(16)

Quoted Speech

64

(2)

Printed Sources

66

(3)

Quotes within Quotes

69

(1)

Titles of Works of Art

70

(1)

Words as Words

71

(1)

Misuse of Quotation Marks

72

(8)

Quotes Cannot Apologize

72

(3)

Words Mean What They Mean

75

(1)

Two Other Common Misuses of Quotation Marks

76

(1)

Quotation Marks with Other Marks

77

(3)

The Dash and the Hyphen

80

(13)

The Dash

80

(6)

For Abrupt Breaks in Thought

80

(1)

With Appositives

81

(1)

For Parenthetic Elements

82

(1)

With Summaries Following Series

83

(1)

With Other Marks

84

(1)

The Double Dash

85

(1)

The Half Dash

85

(1)

The Hyphen

86

(7)

In Numbers and Fractions

86

(1)

Compounds with Self-

86

(1)

Family Relationships

87

(1)

Awkward Combinations

87

(1)

With Compound Modifiers before Nouns

88

(1)

With Prefixes and Capitalized Root Words

89

(1)

Suspension Hyphen

90

(1)

Linked Numerals and Letters

90

(1)

Word Division at the End of a Line

91

(2)

The Apostrophe

93

(6)

Possession

93

(3)

Contractions

96

(1)

Its and It's

97

(1)

Plurals of Letters and Numerals

97

(2)

Italics and Ellipsis

99

(6)

Italics

99

(3)

Reference to Books, Other Published Works, and Ships and Aircraft

99

(1)

Foreign Expressions

100

(1)

Words as Words

101

(1)

Emphasis

101

(1)

Ellipsis

102

(3)

Omissions in Quotation

102

(1)

Incomplete Presentation

103

(1)

Lengthy Omissions

104

(1)

Capitalization

105

(13)

Sentences

105

(1)

Poetry

106

(1)

Quotations

106

(1)

The Words I and O

107

(1)

Names

107

(2)

Particles

109

(1)

Geographical Names

110

(1)

Compass Directions

110

(1)

Regional Names and Nicknames

111

(1)

Streets, Buildings, Parks, and Companies

112

(1)

Organizations and Other Groups

113

(1)

Deity and Sacred Writings

114

(1)

Events, Eras, Prizes, Documents

114

(1)

Titles

115

(3)

Spelling

118

(27)

Double Letters

118

(3)

Final Silent e

121

(2)

i Before e Except After c

123

(2)

Words Ending in y

125

(2)

Words Ending in o

127

(1)

Foreign Plurals

128

(1)

Silent Letters

129

(1)

Commonly Confused Words

130

(5)

Miscellaneous Guidelines

135

(2)

Practice List

137

(8)

Appendix PUNCTUATION OF FOOTNOTES, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, AND LETTERS

145

(4)

Punctuation of Footnotes and Bibliographies

145

(1)

Footnotes for an Article

145

(1)

Footnotes for a Book

145

(1)

Bibliographic Entries for an Article

146

(1)

Bibliographic Entries for a Book

146

(1)

Punctuation of Letters

146

(3)

Personal Letters

147

(1)

Business Letters

147

(2)

Answers

149

(32)

Index

181

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Schaum's Outline of Punctuation, Capitalization & Spelling

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials