Jus Post Bellum Mapping the Normative Foundations

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The successful transition from armed conflict to peace is one of the greatest challenges of contemporary warfare. The laws and principles governing transitions from conflict to peace (jus post bellum) have only recently gained attention in legal scholarship. There are three key questions concerning the core of jus post bellum: the law ('jus'), the temporal aspect ('post'), and different types of armed conflict ('bellum') involved. This book explores the different legal meanings and components of the concept, including its implications in contemporary politics and practice.

The book provides a detailed understanding of the development and nature of jus post bellum as a concept, including its foundations, criticisms, and relationship to related concepts (such as transitional justice, and the responsibility to protect). It investigates the relationship of the concept to jus ad bellum and jus in bello, and its relevance in internal armed conflicts and peacebuilding. There are significant problems brought about in relation to the ending of conflict, including indicators for the end of conflict, exit strategies, and institutional responses, which are also assessed. The book identifies the key components of a 'jus', drawing on disparate bodies and sources of international law such as peace agreements, treaty law, self-determination, norms governing peace operations and the status of foreign armed forces, environmental law, human rights, and amnesty law.

Taking into account perspectives from multiple disciplines, the book is important reading for scholars, practitioners, and students across many fields, including peace and conflict studies, international relations, and international humanitarian law.

Carsten Stahn, Professor of International Criminal Law and Global Justice, Leiden University,Jennifer S. Easterday, Researcher, Leiden University,Jens Iverson, Researcher, Leiden University

Carsten Stahn is Professor of International Criminal Law and Global Justice at Leiden University and Program Director of the Grotius Centre. He is the author of The Law and Practice of International Territorial Administration: Versailles to Iraq and Beyond. He has published articles on international criminal law and transitional justice in leading international journals (American Journal of International Law, European Journal of International Law, Journal of International Criminal Justice, Harvard International Law Journal), and edited several collections of essays in the field.

Jennifer Easterday is a Researcher for the 'Jus Post Bellum' project. She is also an international justice consultant and a Trial Monitor for the Open Society Justice Initiative. She previously worked for International Criminal Law Services, an NGO based in The Hague, on a variety of international criminal law capacity-building projects in domestic jurisdictions in the former Yugoslavia and Africa. She has also worked as a Senior Researcher and Trial Monitor for the UC Berkeley War Crimes Studies Center, researching and monitoring the Special Court for Sierra Leone trial of Charles Taylor. She has experience at the ICTY and with other international criminal law and human rights NGOs in the United States and Latin America. She received her Juris Doctor from the University of California, Berkeley School of Law and is a member of the California State Bar.

Jens Iverson is a Researcher for the 'Jus Post Bellum' project and an attorney specializing in public international law. A member of the California Bar, the Thurston Society, and the Order of the Coif, he received his Juris Doctor cum laude from the University of California, Hastings, and his Bachelor of Arts from Yale University. He has worked with the Cambodian Genocide Program, the Documentation Centre of Cambodia, and the Coalition for the International Criminal Court. As the co-founder of a human rights clinic, he helped represent the former Prime Minister of Haiti in a successful petition to the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights that ultimately resulted in a landmark ruling requiring Haitian prison reform. He has practiced at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia on both the Popovic et al and Prlic et al cases.

Introduction, Carsten Stahn, Jennifer S. Easterday, and Jens Iverson
Part 1. Foundation and Conceptions of Jus Post Bellum
(i) Foundation, Concept, and Function
1. Jus Post Bellum, Grotius, and Meionexia, Larry May
2. At War's End: Time To Turn to Jus Post Bellum?, Mark Evans
3. Jus Post Bellum as a Partly Independent Legal Framework, Dieter Fleck
4. Jus Post Bellum: An Interpretive Framework, James Gallen
(ii) Jus Post Bellum and Related Concepts
5. Jus Post Bellum and Transitional Justice, Jens Iverson
6. R2P and Jus Post Bellum: Towards a Polycentric Approach, Carsten Stahn
(iii) Jus Post Bellum and Its Discontents
7. The Concept of Jus Post Bellum in International Law: A Normative Critique, Eric de Brabandere
8. Waging Peace: Ambiguities, Contradictions, and Problems of a Jus Post Bellum Legal Framework, Roxana Vatanparast
9. The Compatibility of Justice for Women with Jus Post Bellum Analysis, Fionnuala Ni Aolain & Dina Haynes
Part 2. Reconceptualising 'Bellum' and 'Pax'
10. Of Jus Post Bellum and Lex Pacificatoria: What's in a Name?, Christine Bell
11. The Gentle Modernizer of the Law of Armed Conflict?, Inger Osterdahl
12. Navigating the Unilateral/Multilateral Divide, Gregory Fox
13. The Application of Jus Post Bellum in Non-International Armed Conflict, Kristen Boon
14. Post-War States: Differentiating Patterns of 'Peace'
Part 3. Dilemmas of the 'Post'
(i) Dilemmas of Classification
15. Temporal Dimensions of Jus Post Bellum: Some Dilemmas and Possible Responses, Jann Kleffner
16. From Jus in Bello to Jus Post Bellum: When do Non-International Armed Conflicts End?, Rogier Bartels
(ii) Institutional Dilemmas and Strategies
17. Conflict Termination from a Human Rights Perspective: State Transitions, Power-Sharing, and the Definition of the 'Post', Martin Wahlisch
18. Post-Occupation Law, Yael Ronen
19. The Norms and Politics of Exit: Ending Post-Conflict Transitional Administrations, Dominik Zaum
20. Facilitating Post-Conflict Reconstruction: Is the UN Peacebuilding Commission Successfully Filling an Institutional Gap or Marking a Missed Opportunity?, Freya Baetens
Part 4. The 'Jus' in Jus Post Bellum
21. Jus Post Bellum, Peace Agreements, and Constitution Making, Jennifer S. Easterday
22. Targeting the State in Jus Post Bellum: Towards a Theory of Integrated Sovereignties, Dov Jacobs
23. Creating Governments in the Aftermath of War: Is there a Role for International Law?, Matthew Saul
24. The Status of Foreign Armed Forces Deployed in Post-Conflict Environments: A Search for Basic Principles, Aurel Sari
25. The Norm of Environmental Integrity in Post-Conflict Legal Regimes, Cymie Payne
26. Should Insurgents Be Amnestied?, Frederic Megret
Conclusion