Contracting with the Federal Government

A complete overhaul ofContracting with the Federal Government, Third Edition to reflect developments and changes since 1992. Analysis of Federal Acquisition Streamlining Act (major legislation enacted in 1995), and of significant changes in cost accounting standards and requirements, statutes, and regulations governing federal contracting process. With step-by-step instructions, and forms in a clear and concise process, this professional book incorporates relevant supplemental information.

Margaret M. Worthington is the author of Contracting with the Federal Government, 4th Edition, published by Wiley.

Louis P. Goldsman is the author of Contracting with the Federal Government, 4th Edition, published by Wiley.

List of Figures, Table, and Appendices

xxv

1 Historical Perspectives and Background

1

(16)

1-1 Early Federal Procurement Statutes

1

(1)

1-2 The Federal Procurement Environment From World War II to Today

2

(3)

1-3 The Federal Procurement Process

5

(3)

1-4 Major Differences Between Private and Public Contracting

8

(4)

1-5 Tax Considerations

12

(1)

1-6 Summary

13

(4)

2 The Organization of the Government's Acquisition Function

17

(16)

2-1 Introduction

17

(1)

2-2 Origin of the Government's Acquisition Authority

17

(1)

2-3 Role of the Legislative Branch

18

(1)

2-4 Role of the Executive Branch

19

(12)

2-5 Role of the Judicial Branch

31

(2)

3 Obtaining Government Business

33

(50)

3-1 Background

33

(1)

3-2 Preliminaries for Entering the Government Market

34

(12)

3-3 The Government Procurement Process

46

(11)

3-4 Subcontractors

57

(1)

3-5 Summary

58

(25)

4 Profit

83

(14)

4-1 Background

83

(1)

4-2 Government Profit Policy

84

(1)

4-3 DOD Weighted Guidelines

85

(3)

4-4 NASA Profit Approach

88

(1)

4-5 Other Civilian Agency Approaches

89

(1)

4-6 Summary

90

(7)

5 Defective Pricing

97

(24)

5-1 Requirements of the Truth in Negotiations Act

97

(1)

5-2 Exceptions from Submission of Cost or Pricing Data

98

(5)

5-3 Cost or Pricing Data

103

(9)

5-4 Contract Price Adjustment

112

(5)

5-5 Subcontracts: Prime Contractor and Subcontractor Responsibilities

117

(4)

6 Federal Supply Schedule Contracting

121

(22)

6-1 Background

121

(1)

6-2 The General Services Administration

122

(1)

6-3 Department of Veterans Affairs

122

(1)

6-4 Purchasing From Federal Supply Schedules

123

(2)

6-5 Multiple-Award Schedule Proposals

125

(5)

6-6 MAS Contract Administration

130

(4)

6-7 Summary

134

(9)

7 Government Contract Cost Principles

143

(62)

7-1 Historical Perspective

143

(1)

7-2 Advance Agreements on Particular Cost Items (FAR 31.109)

144

(1)

7-3 Composition of Total Allowable Costs

145

(1)

7-4 Reasonableness (FAR 31.201-3)

146

(2)

7-5 Allocability (FAR 31.201-4)

148

(1)

7-6 Cost-Accounting Standards and Their Primary over Generally Accepted Accounting Principles

149

(1)

7-7 Selected Costs

150

(39)

7-8 Retroactive Disallowances

189

(1)

7-9 Credits

190

(1)

7-10 Indirect Cost Rates

191

(3)

7-11 Summary

194

(11)

8 Cost Accounting Standards

205

(120)

8-1 Statutory and Regulatory Perspective

205

(2)

8-2 Policies, Rules, and Regulations of the Board

207

(10)

8-3 Disclosure Statements

217

(4)

8-4 The Cost Accounting Standards

221

(32)

8-5 Summary

253

(72)

9 Payment and Contract Financing

325

(38)

9-1 Background

325

(1)

9-2 Cost-Reimbursement Contracts

325

(7)

9-3 Fixed-Price Contracts

332

(13)

9-4 Summary

345

(18)

10 Other Contract Clauses

363

(22)

10-1 Background

363

(1)

10-2 Record-Retention Requirements

363

(1)

10-3 Contract Clauses Providing for Specific Repricing Actions

364

(3)

10-4 Value Engineering

367

(1)

10-5 Rights in Technical Data

368

(1)

10-6 Contract Warranties

369

(1)

10-7 Government Property

370

(1)

10-8 Contract Clauses Relating to Socioeconomic and Environmental Protection Goals

371

(3)

10-9 Contract Clauses Relating to Labor Standards

374

(1)

10-10 Recovery of Nonrecurring Costs and Royalty Fees on Commercial Sales

375

(1)

10-11 Contract Novation

376

(1)

10-12 Summary

376

(9)

11 Equitable Adjustments

385

(22)

11-1 Background

385

(1)

11-2 Contract Changes

385

(1)

11-3 Definition of Equitable Adjustment

386

(1)

11-4 Deductive Changes

387

(1)

11-5 Additive Changes

388

(1)

11-6 Estimated Quantities in Requirements Contracts

388

(1)

11-7 Prospective versus Retroactive Pricing

388

(2)

11-8 Costs of Contract Changes

390

(9)

11-9 Acceleration

399

(3)

11-10 Defective Specifications

402

(1)

11-11 Total Cost Approach

402

(1)

11-12 Jury Verdict Approach

403

(1)

11-13 Profit

403

(1)

11-14 Interest

404

(1)

11-15 Shipbuilding Equitable Adjustment Proposals

404

(1)

11-16 Summary

405

(2)

12 Terminations

407

(52)

12-1 Background

407

(2)

12-2 Termination for Default

409

(2)

12-3 Termination for Convenience

411

(4)

12-4 Termination for Convenience Accounting Problems

415

(15)

12-5 Cash Flow

430

(1)

12-6 Summary

430

(29)

13 Disputes and Sanctions

459

(34)

13-1 Background

459

(1)

13-2 Contract Disputes Act of 1978

460

(6)

13-3 Appeals Process

466

(7)

13-4 Extraordinary Contractual Relief

473

(1)

13-5 Bid Protests

474

(8)

13-6 Equal Access to Justice Act

482

(1)

13-7 Penalties and Sanctions for Noncompliance with Regulatory Requirements

483

(4)

13-8 Summary

487

(6)

14 Control and Management Systems

493

(40)

14-1 Background

493

(1)

14-2 Cost Accounting Systems

494

(3)

14-3 Cost Estimating Systems

497

(4)

14-4 Purchasing Systems

501

(3)

14-5 Government Property Systems

504

(1)

14-6 Project Management Systems

505

(4)

14-7 Material Management and Accounting Systems

509

(16)

14-8 Summary

525

(8)

15 Self-Governance

533

(34)

15-1 Background

533

(2)

15-2 Self-Governance versus Internal Controls

535

(3)

15-3 Self-Governance Initiatives

538

(3)

15-4 Elements of Effective Self-Governance Programs

541

(4)

15-5 Management and Performance of the Compliance Function

545

(3)

15-6 Summary

548

(19)

16 Contract Audit Reviews

567

(42)

16-1 Background

567

(1)

16-2 Access to Records

568

(5)

16-3 DCAA Audits

573

(12)

16-4 Audits of Multiple Award Schedule Contracts

585

(1)

16-5 Other Audits and Reviews

586

(5)

16-6 Managing the Audit/Review Process

591

(3)

16-7 Audit Reports

594

(1)

16-8 Summary

594

(15)

List of Acronyms

609

(4)

Glossary

613

(8)

Table of Cases

621

(34)

Index

655

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Contracting with the Federal Government

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials