Self Psychology An Introduction

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ISBN: 9780765703804 | 0765703807
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 5/12/2005

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This comprehensive, introductory text makes the concepts of self psychology accessible for both students and clinicians. Beginning with an overview of the development of Kohut's ideas, particularly those on narcissism and narcissistic development, the author lucidly explains self object concept and why it is at the core of the self psychological vision of human experience. The book also covers how self psychology conceives of psychological growth, therapeutic action, and psychopathology and offers valuable guidance for the clinician who puts self psychological treatment into practice.

Preface

xvii

1 In the Beginning

(10)

2 The Reformulation of the Concept of Narcissism

(15)

Freud's Concept of Narcissism

(2)

Kohut's Approach to Narcissism

(4)

Kohut's Objections to Freud's Conception of Narcissism

(2)

New Wine in Old Bottles

(1)

Viewing Narcissism as a Continuum

(1)

The Developmental Line of Narcissism

(3)

The Reformulation of the Relationship between Narcissism and Object Love

(1)

The Narcissistic Developmental Line of the Idealized Parental Imago

(1)

The Developmental Line of the Grandiose-Exhibitionistic Self

(1)

The Maturation of Narcissism

(1)

The Emphasis on Shame in Self Psychology

(6)

Sources of Shame

(1)

Comparing Self Psychology's Understanding of Shame with That of Classical Analysis

(1)

The Developmental Perspective on Shame

(3)

3 The Self and Selfobject Concepts

(37)

The Relationship between the Self and Selfobject Concepts

(1)

The Selfobject Concept as Foundational for Self Psychology

(1)

The Evolution of Kohut's Selfobject Concept

(2)

Kohut's Definition of the Self

(1)

The Constituents of the Self

(2)

How Kohut Conceived of the Development of the Self

(1)

How Kohut Envisioned the Healthy Self

(1)

The Concept of Selfobject Needs

(7)

Our Enduring Need for Selfobject Responsiveness

(1)

The Development of the Experience of Selfobject Need

(1)

What Do Therapists Have to Do to Enable Patients to Have Selfobject Experience?

(1)

How Do We Know If a Patient Is Experiencing a Selfobject Connection with His Therapist?

(1)

Important Theoretical Features of the Selfobject Concept

(1)

The Selfobject Concept and the Concept of Regulation

(1)

Different Types of Selfobject Needs

(2)

The Mirroring Selfobject Need

(8)

The Consequences of a Lack of Mirroring Experience

(1)

The Developmental Progression of the Mirroring Selfobject Need: The Concept of the Grandiose or Expansive Self

(1)

The Constituents of a Mirroring Experience

(1)

The Concept of the Vertical Split

(4)

Kohut's Concept of the Horizontal Split

(1)

The Idealizing Selfobject Need

(3)

The Functions Encompassed by the Idealizing Selfobject Need

(1)

The Developmental Progression of the Idealizing Selfobject Need

(1)

The Developmental Consequences of Early and/or Massive Disappointment by the Idealized Parent

(1)

Kohut's Concept of the Bipolar Self

(1)

The Need for Alter Ego orTwinship Selfobject Experience

(3)

The Developmental Progression of Twinship Selfobject Experience

(2)

Contributions to the Alter Ego/Twinship Concept after Kohut

(1)

Is Selfobject Experience Usually Singular or Mixed?

(1)

The Evolution of the Selfobject Concept

(5)

Suggested Revisions of the Selfobject Concept after Kohut

(2)

The Concept of Selfobject Relatedness

(1)

The Relational Specificity of Selfobject Experience

(1)

The Concept of Self-Cohesion

(4)

4 Empathy

(16)

The Emphasis Placed on the Concept of Empathy in Self Psychology

(1)

Common Misunderstandings of the Self Psychological View of Empathy

(2)

How Empathy Is Conceptualized in Self Psychology

(6)

Kohut's View of Empathy as an Observational Stance

(2)

Kohut's View of Empathy as Responsiveness

(2)

Kohut's Understanding of the Developmental Origins of Empathy

(1)

Narrative Empathy: A Later Contribution to Our Understanding of the Role of Empathy in the Therapeutic Process

(1)

Understanding the Empathic Process

(5)

Evan: Case Illustration of the Empathic Process

(2)

Implications and Consequences of Viewing Empathy as an Ideal for Therapists' Behavior

(2)

Recent Conceptualizations of Empathy

(2)

5 How Self Psychology Conceives of Psychological Growth and Therapeutic Action

(17)

The Strengthening of the Self

(1)

The Concept of Structuralization

(1)

Kohut's Theory of Structuralization: Optimal Frustration of Selfobject Needs Leading to Transmuting Internalization

(4)

An Illustration of the Process of Optimal Frustration Leading to Growth-Producing Structuralization

(2)

The Main Constituents of the Process of Transmuting Internalization in Treatment

(1)

Criticisms of Kohut's Concept of Structure Formation from within Self Psychology and Alternate Conceptualizations of Structure Building

(6)

Terman's Concept of Structure Building

(1)

Stolorow, Atwood, and Brandschaft's Concept of Structure Building

(2)

Beebe and Lachmann's Theory of Structuralization

(1)

Factors That Contribute to Structuralization or Representation

(2)

The Corrective Emotional Experience or Corrective Selfobject Experience

(1)

The Concept of Compensatory Structure

(2)

The Concept of Self-Liberation as Part of the Curative Process

(3)

6 Psychopathology: Disturbance and Disorders of Self-Experience

(22)

The Self Psychological View of Psychopathology

(5)

The Theory of the Etiology of Self-Disturbance

(1)

Why Does the Repetitive Frustration of Selfobject Needs Occur?

(2)

The General Dynamic Sequence That Results in Psychopathology

100

(1)

Case Vignette

100

(1)

How Self Psychology Views the Core of Pathology

101

(3)

Factors That Cause a Vulnerable Self Structure

102

(1)

The Signs of a Vulnerable Self Structure

102

(1)

The Related Concepts of Fragmentation and Disintegration Anxiety

103

(1)

Disintegration Anxiety

104

(1)

Kohut's Reconceptualization of Oedipal Pathology

105

(3)

The Causes of Oedipal Pathology

106

(1)

How Kohut's Theory of Oedipal Pathology Compares to That of Classical Analytic Theory

107

(1)

Castration Anxiety Reconsidered

108

(1)

How Symptomatology Is Understood in Self Psychology

108

(1)

The Self Psychological Understanding of Trauma

109

(1)

The Deficit Concept in Self Psychology

110

(1)

The Concept of Problematic Organizing Principles and Processes

111

(2)

How Sexualization and Perversion Are Understood by Self Psychology

113

(1)

Kohut's Understanding of Substance Abuse and Addiction

114

(2)

Later Self Psychological Views of Addiction

116

(2)

7 Clinical Process

118

(41)

The Treatment Rationale of Self Psychology

118

(4)

How the Patient Is Viewed on Entering Treatment

119

(1)

How Self Psychology Views Empathy as Central to the Therapeutic Process

120

(1)

Empathy Is Not Considered the Only Useful Listening Position in Self Psychology

121

(1)

How Self Psychologists Understand and Work with Resistance/Defensive Functioning

122

(4)

Yvonne: Case Illustration of Defense and Resistance

124

(1)

The Danger of Viewing Disguised Selfobject Longings as Resistance

125

(1)

The Importance and Inevitability of Rupture and Repair

126

(5)

The Therapeutic Benefits of Analyzing Ruptures and Disruptions

127

(1)

Guidelines for Analyzing Ruptures and Disruptions

127

(1)

The Rationale for Placing Special Emphasis on Ruptures in the Selfobject Bond

128

(1)

Other Elements Theorized to Be Involved in the Therapeutic Benefits of Analyzing Ruptures in the Selfobject Bond

129

(1)

Two Case Illustrations of Rupture and Repair

130

(1)

The Self Psychological Conceptualization of Transference

131

(7)

The Selfobject Dimension of the Transference

133

(1)

Clinical Guidelines and Implications

134

(1)

The Idealizing Selfobject Dimension of the Transference

135

(1)

Tom: Case Illustration of Transference

136

(2)

The Mirroring Selfobject Dimension of the Transference

138

(2)

Miss F.: Case Illustration of the Mirroring Selfobject Dimension

140

(1)

How Self Psychology Views the Interpretive Process

140

(5)

The Concept of the Leading and Trailing Edges of an Interpretation

143

(1)

Yvonne: Case Illustration of Interpretation

143

(1)

What Stolorow Added to Self Psychology's View of the Interpretive Process

144

(1)

The Concept of Optimal Responsiveness

145

(1)

Countertransference

146

(7)

How Kohut Conceptualized Countertransference

146

(1)

How Kohut Conceptualized Specific Countertransferences

147

(1)

How Self Psychology Views the Analyst's Selfobject Needs as Influencing the Countertransference

148

(2)

How Fosshage's Concept of Listening Positions Has Added to the Self Psychological View of Countertransference

150

(2)

Yvonne: Case Illustration of Listening Positions

152

(1)

The Concept of Self-State Dreams

153

(2)

How Theorists after Kohut Have Elaborated the Concept of the Self-State Dream

154

(1)

How the Paradigm Shift from a Positivist to a Constructivist Model Has Affected Self Psychology's Clinical Practice

155

(1)

How the Paradigm Shift from a Drive Reduction to a Relational Model Has Been Reflected in Self Psychology's Clinical Practice

156

(3)

The Comparison with Classical Analysis

156

(1)

The Main Guidelines for Clinical Practice According to Self Psychology

157

(2)

8 Intellectual and Sociocultural Influences on Kohut

159

(10)

How Kohut Was Influenced by the Glorification of Personal Subjectivity

159

(1)

How Kohut Was Influenced by the Shift from the Logical-Positivist Empiricist Model to the Postempiricist, Postmodern Model of Scientific Inquiry

160

(2)

How Kohut Was Influenced by Modern Physics

162

(1)

How Kohut Was Influenced by His Cultural Interests

163

(1)

Kohut's Background in Psychoanalysis

164

(1)

Kohut's Objections to Ego Psychology

164

(1)

Kohut's Thesis in "Introspection, Empathy, and Psychoanalysis"

165

(2)

The Historical Background of the Controversy about Psychoanalytic Epistemology

167

(2)

9 Intersubjectivity

169

(17)

How Intersubjectivity Theory Evolved

169

(2)

The Basic Concepts of Intersubjectivity Theory

171

(1)

Principles That Guide the Conduct of Psychoanalytic

Treatment According to Intersubjectivity Theory

172

(1)

Intersubjectivity Theory Is Not a Traditional Psychoanalytic Theory

173

(1)

How Intersubjectivity Theory Views Pathological Development

174

(2)

Intersubjectivists Consider Parental Affective Misattunement a Frequent Source of Psychopathology

175

(1)

Zack: Case Illustration of Parental Misattunement

176

(1)

How Intersubjectivists Have Reconceptualized the Unconscious

176

(2)

Therapeutic Factors That Facilitate Treatment According to Intersubjectivity Theory

178

(1)

How Transference and Countertransference Are Viewed in Intersubjectivity Theory

178

(3)

How the Transference and Countertransference Are Influenced by Intersubjective Conjunction and Disjunction

179

(1)

Evan: Case Illustration of Disjunction

180

(1)

The Two Dimensions of the Transference According to Intersubjectivity Theory

180

(1)

How Intersubjectivity Theory Views Therapeutic Action

181

(1)

How Intersubjectivity Theory Compares to Self Psychology

182

(4)

10 Motivational Systems Theory

186

(10)

The Motivational System Based on the Psychic Regulation of Physiological Requirements

187

(1)

The Attachment Motivational System

188

(2)

The Exploratory-Assertive Motivational System

190

(2)

The Aversive Motivational System

192

(1)

The Sensual-Sexual Motivational System

193

(1)

Case Vignette

194

(2)

11 Self Psychology's View of Aggression

196

(11)

The Relationship between the Self Psychological Views of Narcissism and Aggression

197

(1)

Kohut's Concept of Narcissistic Rage

198

(6)

What Stimulates Narcissistic Rage?

199

(1)

How Kohut Compared Narcissistic Rage with Healthy Aggression

200

(1)

How Narcissistic Rage Is Manifested

201

(1)

Kohut's Guidelines for the Treatment of Narcissistic Rage

202

(1)

How Kohut Viewed Narcissistic Rage as Informing Our Understanding of Aggression

203

(1)

Contributions to Self Psychology's View of Aggression after Kohut

204

(3)

12 The Vision of Self Psychology

207

(10)

How Self Psychology Is Developmental and Relational

209

(1)

How the Relational and Developmental Vision of Self Psychology Shapes Its Clinical Sensibility

210

(1)

How the Self Psychological View of Human Interdependence Shapes Its Clinical Sensibility

211

(1)

How Self Psychology's Relational Emphasis Compares with Other Psychoanalytic Theories

212

(1)

How Self Psychology's Focus on Subjectivity Shapes Its Clinical Sensibility

213

(1)

How Therapeutic Optimism Is a Feature of Self Psychology's Sensibility

214

(3)

13 Self Psychology's Contributions to the Evolution of Psychoanalytic Theory and Practice

217

(4)

Appendix:Theorists Who Anticipated Self Psychology

221

(18)

The Influences of Previous Theorists on Kohut

221

(1)

How Ferenczi Anticipated Self Psychology

222

(4)

How Balint Anticipated Self Psychology

226

(5)

How Fairbairn Anticipated Self Psychology

231

(3)

How Winnicott Anticipated Self Psychology

234

(5)

References

239

(16)

Index

255

(8)

About the Author

263

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Self Psychology An Introduction

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

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Self Psychology An Introduction

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

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