Sexual Revolutions Gender and Labor at the

Description, based upon research evidence from the Near East and elsewhere, of the change in the gendered division of labor during the Neolithic agricultural revolution.

Jane Peterson is an assistant professor of anthropology at Marquette University in the Department of Social and Cultural Sciences

List of Figures and Tables

ix

Foreword

xi

Sarah Milledge Nelson

Acknowledgments

xiii

An Investigation of Labor Patterns

1

(12)

Work Patterns and Sexual Divisions: Historical Background

2

(1)

Social Models in Archaeology: Past and Future

3

(4)

Sex and Gender Terminology

7

(1)

Study Area and Chronology

7

(3)

Organization

10

(3)

Archaeological Evidence from the Southern Levant

13

(42)

Natufian Period

14

(10)

Pre-Pottery Neolithic Period

24

(11)

Pottery Neolithic Period

35

(3)

Chalcolithic Period

38

(8)

Early Bronze I Period

46

(8)

Conclusion

54

(1)

Markers of Occupational Stress

55

(18)

Historical Overview

56

(2)

Structural Changes

58

(2)

Joint Modification

60

(2)

Trauma

62

(3)

Tooth Wear, Dental Trauma, and Caries

65

(2)

Musculoskeletal Stress Markers

67

(4)

Conclusion

71

(2)

Previous Skeletal Studies from the Levant

73

(14)

Extant Studies

74

(8)

Chronological Summary

82

(3)

Conclusion

85

(2)

New Musculoskeletal Stress Markers

87

(40)

Materials

87

(4)

Methods

91

(4)

Analytical Techniques

95

(3)

Natufian Results

98

(8)

Neolithic Results

106

(7)

Early Bronze I Results

113

(6)

Diachronic Results

119

(5)

Conclusion

124

(3)

Modeling Changing Labor Scenarios

127

(20)

Integrating MSM with Previous Activity Reconstructions

128

(1)

Activities and Performance Spaces

129

(5)

Models of Sexual Labor Changes with the Advent of Farming

134

(9)

An Engendered Model

143

(3)

Conclusion

146

(1)

References

147

(26)

Index

173

(5)

About the Author

178

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Sexual Revolutions Gender and Labor at the Dawn of Agriculture

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials