A Short Course in Cloud Physics

Covers essential parts of cloud and precipitation physics and has been extensively rewritten with over 60 new illustrations and many new and up to date references. Many current topics are covered such as mesoscale meteorology, radar cloud studies and numerical cloud modelling, and topics from the second edition, such as severe storms, precipitation processes and large scale aspects of cloud physics, have been revised. Problems are included as examples and to supplement the text.

Introduction

xiii

Thermodynamics of Dry Air

1

(11)

Atmospheric composition

1

(1)

Equation of state for dry air

1

(1)

The first law of thermodynamics

2

(4)

Special processes

6

(1)

Entropy

7

(1)

Meteorological thermodynamic charts

8

(3)

Problems

11

(1)

Water Vapor and its Thermodynamic Effects

12

(16)

Equation of state for water vapor

12

(1)

Clausius-Clapeyron equation

12

(4)

Moist air : its vapor content

16

(2)

Thermodynamics of unsaturated moist air

18

(1)

Ways of reaching saturation

19

(2)

Pseudoadiabatic process

21

(2)

Adiabatic liquid water content

23

(2)

Reversible saturated adiabatic process

25

(1)

Problems

26

(2)

Parcel Buoyancy and Atmospheric Stability

28

(16)

Hydrostatic equilibrium

28

(1)

Dry adiabatic lapse rate

29

(1)

Buoyant force on a parcel of air

30

(1)

Stability criteria for dry air

30

(2)

The pseudoadiabatic lapse rate

32

(1)

Stability criteria for moist air

32

(1)

Convective instability

33

(2)

Horizontal restoring forces

35

(1)

Geostrophic wind and geostrophic wind shear

36

(2)

Slantwise displacement

38

(1)

Symmetric instability

39

(2)

Baroclinic instability

41

(1)

Geopotential

41

(1)

Problems

42

(2)

Mixing and Convection

44

(16)

Mixing of air masses

44

(3)

Convective condensation level

47

(1)

Convection: elementary parcel theory

48

(2)

Modification of the elementary theory

50

(7)

Problems

57

(3)

Observed Properties of Clouds

60

(21)

Sizes of clouds and cloud systems

60

(4)

Microstructure of cumulus clouds

64

(8)

Cloud droplet spectra

72

(2)

Microstructure of stratus clouds

74

(1)

Likelihood of ice and precipitation in clouds

75

(2)

Microstructure of large continental storm clouds

77

(2)

Problems

79

(2)

Formation of Cloud Droplets

81

(18)

General aspects of cloud and precipitation formation

81

(3)

Nucleation of liquid water in water vapor

84

(5)

Atmospheric condensation nuclei

89

(7)

Problems

96

(3)

Droplet Growth by Condensation

99

(22)

Diffusional growth of a droplet

99

(6)

The growth of droplet populations

105

(7)

Some corrections to the diffusional growth theory

112

(7)

Problems

119

(2)

Initiation of Rain in Nonfreezing Clouds

121

(29)

Setting the stage for coalescence

122

(2)

Droplet growth by collision and coalescence

124

(7)

The Bowen model

131

(3)

Statistical growth: the Telford model

134

(3)

Statistical growth: the stochastic coalescence equation

137

(6)

Condensation plus stochastic coalescence

143

(2)

The effects of turbulence on collisions and coalescence

145

(2)

Concluding remarks

147

(1)

Problems

148

(2)

Formation and Growth of Ice Crystals

150

(20)

Nucleation of the ice phase

150

(3)

Experiments on heterogeneous ice nucleation

153

(1)

Atmospheric ice nuclei

154

(2)

The ice phase in clouds

156

(2)

Diffusional growth of ice crystals

158

(5)

Further growth by accretion

163

(3)

The ice crystal process versus coalescence

166

(3)

Problems

169

(1)

Rain and Snow

170

(14)

Drop-size distribution

170

(2)

Drop breakup

172

(8)

Distribution of snowflakes with size

180

(2)

Aggregation and breakup of snowflakes

182

(1)

Precipitation rates

182

(1)

Problems

183

(1)

Weather Radar

184

(12)

Principles of radar

184

(3)

The radar equation

187

(1)

The weather radar equation

188

(2)

Relation of Z to precipitation rate

190

(1)

Radar displays and special techniques

191

(2)

Problems

193

(3)

Precipitation Processes

196

(26)

Stratiform precipitation

197

(6)

Showers

203

(3)

Precipitation theories

206

(3)

Mesoscale structure of rain

209

(8)

Precipitation efficiency

217

(1)

Acidic precipitation

218

(2)

Problems

220

(2)

Severe Storms and Hail

222

(18)

Life cycle of the thunderstorm cell

222

(4)

Severe thunderstorms

226

(8)

Precipitation production by thunderstorms

234

(1)

Hail growth

235

(2)

Problems

237

(3)

Weather Modification

240

(6)

Stimulation of rain and snow

241

(2)

Cloud dissipation

243

(1)

Hail suppression

243

(1)

Problems

244

(2)

Numerical Cloud Models

246

(23)

The governing equations

247

(2)

One-dimensional models

249

(4)

Two-dimensional models

253

(6)

Three-dimensional models

259

(7)

Model evaluation

266

(3)

References

269

(8)

Appendix

277

(1)

Answers to Selected Problems

278

(7)

Index

285

(6)

Other Titles in the Series in Natural Philosophy

291

What is included with this book?

The New copy of this book will include any supplemental materials advertised. Please check the title of the book to determine if it should include any access cards, study guides, lab manuals, CDs, etc.

The Used, Rental and eBook copies of this book are not guaranteed to include any supplemental materials. Typically, only the book itself is included. This is true even if the title states it includes any access cards, study guides, lab manuals, CDs, etc.

FREE SHIPPING

Rent More, Save More! Use code: BBRENTAL

5% off 1 book, 7% off 2 books, 10% off 3+ books

A Short Course in Cloud Physics

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

FREE SHIPPING

Rent More, Save More! Use code: BBRENTAL

5% off 1 book, 7% off 2 books, 10% off 3+ books

A Short Course in Cloud Physics

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Digital License