Skepticism: From Antiquity to the Present

Skepticism: From Antiquity to the Present is an authoritative and up-to-date survey of the entire history of skepticism. Divided chronologically into ancient, medieval, renaissance, modern and contemporary periods and featuring 50 specially-commissioned chapters from leading philosophers, this comprehensive volume is the first of its kind.

By exploring each of the distinct traditions and providing expert insights, this extensive reference work:
- covers major thinkers such as Cicero, Descartes, Hume, Spinoza and Wittgenstein
- acknowledges the influence of ancient skeptical traditions on later philosophy and explains why it is still a fertile topic of inquiry among today's philosophers and historians of philosophy
- analyses various forms of skepticism including Pyrrhonian, religious, ethical and Neo-Pyrrhonian
- addresses issues in contemporary epistemology and indicates new directions of study

Skepticism, a driving force in the history of philosophy, remains at the centre of debates in ethics, philosophy of religion, epistemology and the philosophy of mind. Skepticism: From Antiquity to the Present is an essential point of reference for any student, researcher or practitioner of philosophy, presenting a systematic and historical survey of this core philosophical topic.

Diego Machuca is Associate Researcher in Philosophy at the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina. He is Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal for the Study of Skepticism and Series Editor of Studies in Skepticism.

Baron Reed is Associate Professor in the Department of Philosophy at Northwestern University, USA. He is Book Review Editor of the International Journal for the Study of Skepticism.

General Introduction, Diego Machuca and Baron Reed

Part I: Ancient Skepticism
Introduction & Bibliography
1. Cyrenaicism, Richard Bett (John Hopkins University, USA)
2. Phyrrho and Timon, Casey Perine (University of California, Irvine, USA)
3. Arcesilaus, Anna Maria Ioppolo (Sapienza, Università di Roma, Italy)
4. Carneades, Harald Thorsrud (Anges Scott College, USA)
5. Aenesidemus, Luca Castagnoli (Durham University, UK)
6. Philo of Larissa, Charles Brittain (Cornell University, USA)
7. Cicero, J.P.F. Wynne (Northwestern University, USA)
8. Menodotus and Medical Empiricism, James Allen (University of Pitssburgh, USA)
9. Plutarch, Favorinus and Middle Platonism, Carlos Lévy (Université Paris-Sorbonne, France)
10. Sextus Empiricus, Tadd Brennan and Cliff Roberts (Cornell University, USA)
11. Skepticism in Classical Indian Philosophy, Matthew Dasti (Bridgewater State University, USA)

Part II: Medieval and Renaissance Skepticism
Introduction & Bibliography
1. Augustine, Peter King (University of Toronto, Canada)
2. John of Salisbury, David Bloch (University of Copenhagen, Denmark)
3. Skepticism in the 13th Century, Martin Pickavé (University of Toronto, Canada)
4. Skepticism in Classical Islam: The Case of Ghazali, Paul Heck (Georgetown University, USA)
5. Nicholas of Autrecourt and John Buridan, Cristophe Grellard (Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, France)
6. Deceiving God, Henrik Lagerlund (University of Western Ontario, Canada)
7. Michel de Montaigne, Gianni Paganini (Università del Piemonte Orientale, Italy)
8. Pierre Charron, Gianni Paganini (Università del Piemonte Orientale, Italy)
9. Francisco Sanches, Damian Caluori (Trinity University, USA)

Part III: Modern Skepticism
Introduction & Bibliography
1. François de La Mothe Le Vayer, Sylvia Giocanti (Université de Toulouse-II Le Mirail, France)
2. Gassendi on Skepticism, Antonia LoLordo (University of Virginia, USA)
3. Descartes and Skepticism, David Cunning (University of Iowa, USA)
4. Simon Foucher, Michael Hickson (Trent University, Canada)
5. Spinoza and Skepticism, Alison Peterman (University of Rochester, USA)
6. Pierre Bayle, John Christian Laursen (University of California, Riverside, USA)
7. Skepticism in Berkeley, Margaret Atherton (University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA)
8. David Hume, Donald L. M. Baxter (University of Connecticut, USA)
9. Thomas Reid's Response to the Skeptic, René van Woudenberg (VU University, Netherlands)
10. Johann Georg Hamann, Gwen Griffith-Dickson (Heythrop College, UK)
11. Kant and Skepticism, Georges Dicker (SUNY College at Brockport, USA)
12. Hegel and Skepticism, Dietmar Heidemann (Université du Luxembourg)
13. Nietzsche and Skepticism, Andreas Urs Sommer (Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Germany)

Part IV: Contemporary Skepticism
Introduction & Bibliography
1. Moore's Proof of an External World, Annalisa Coliva (University of Modena, Italy)
2. Ludwig Wittgenstein, Michael Williams (John Hopkins University, USA)
3. Richard Popkin José Raimundo, Maia Neto (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil)
4. Neo-Pyrrhonism, Markus Lammenranta (University of Helsinki, Finland)
5. Moral Skepticism, Richard Joyce (Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand)
6. Religious Skepticism, John Schellenberg (Mount Saint Vincent University, Canada)
7. Skepticism about the External World, Ram Neta (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA)
8. Transcendental Arguments and Skepticism, Anthony Brueckner (University of California, Santa Barbara, USA)
9. Skepticism about Induction: A Functionalist Investigation, Ruth Weintraub Tel Aviv University, Israel)
10. Skepticism about Other Minds, Anil Gomes (University of Oxford, UK)
11. Disagreement and Skepticism, Bryan Frances (Fordham University, USA)
12. The Problem of the Criterion, Andrew Cling (University of Alabama, Huntsville, USA)
13. Disjunctivism, Duncan Pritchard (University of Edinburgh, UK)
14. Skepticism and Regress Arguments, Richard Fumerton (University of Iowa, USA)
15. Skepticism and Contextualism, Michael Blome Tillman (McGill University, Canada)
16. Skepticism and the Internalism-Externalism Debate, Matthias Steup (Purdue University, USA)
17. Skepticism and Fallibilism, Stephen Hetherington (The University of New South Wales, Australia)
18. Skepticism about the A Priori, Otávio Bueno (University of Miami, USA)
19. Skepticism and Naturalized Epistemology, Peter Graham (University of California, Riverside, USA)
20. Unconventional Skepticism, Earl Conee (University of Rochester, USA)
Indexes