Smith's Textbook of Endourology, 2 Volume Set

THE EDITORS

ARTHUR D. SMITH, MD, Chairman Emeritus, The Smith Institute for Urology, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Northwell Health, New York, NY, USA

GLENN M. PREMINGER, MD, Professor of Urology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA

LOUIS R. KAVOUSSI, MD, Chairman of Urology, The Smith Institute for Urology, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Northwell Health, New York, NY, USA

GOPAL H. BADLANI, MD, Professor of Urology and Gynecology, Vice Chair Department of Urology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA

List of Contributors

Foreword

Preface

About the Companion Website

Volume 1

Section 1 Basic Principles

1 Care and Sterilization of Instruments
Carol Olsen

2 Radiation Safety During Diagnosis and Treatment
Yasser A. Noureldin & Sero Andonian

3 Enhanced Endoscopic Imaging
Ghalib A. Jibara & Michael E. Lipkin

4 Preoperative Antibiotics and Prevention of Sepsis in Urologic Endoscopic Surgery
Manish N. Patel & Jorge Gutierrez-Aceves

5 Management of the Anticoagulated Patient
Zeph Okeke

Section 2 Percutaneous Renal Surgery

Part 1 Perioperative Considerations

6 Surgical Anatomy of the Kidney for Endourological Procedures
Francisco J.B. Sampaio

7 Nephrolithometric Scoring Systems for Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy
Roshan Patel, Daniel J. Lama, & Zhamshid Okhunov

8 Pathophysiology of Urinary Tract Obstruction
Frederick A. Gulmi & Diane Felsen

9 Organizing the Endourological Operating Room
Ravindra B. Sabnis, Abhishek Singh, & Shashikant Mishra

10 Endoscopic Training/Simulation
Zichen Zhao & Robert M. Sweet

Part 2 Patient Positioning for Percutaneous Access

11 Patient Positioning, the Supine Position, and the Rationale of ECIRS
Cesare M. Scoffone & Cecilia M. Cracco

12 Prone, Lateral, and Flexed: Patient Positioning for Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy
Robert J. Sowerby, A. Andrew Ray, & R. John D’A. Honey

Part 3 Imaging for Access

13 Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Access Under Fluoroscopic Control
Norberto O. Bernardo & Maximiliano Lopez Silva

14 Dyna-CT-Guided versus Standard CT-Guided Renal Access
Manuel Ritter & Maurice-Stephan Michel

15 Endoscopically Guided Percutaneous Renal Access
Zhamshid Okhunov, Kamaljot S. Kaler, Simone Vernez, Rahul Dutta, Jaime Landman, & Ralph V. Clayman

16 Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Access Under Ultrasound
Mahesh R. Desai & Arvind P. Ganpule

17 New Concepts of Renal Access: iPad, GPS, and Others
Estevao Lima, Pedro L. Rodrigues, Marie-Claire Rassweiler-Seyfried, & Joao L. Vilaca

Part 4 Selection of Access and Dilation

18 Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: Upper Pole Access
Davis P. Viprakasit & Nicole L. Miller

19 Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Access Without Image Guidance
Arthur D. Smith

20 Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Access: Robotic
Michelle Jo Semins, Dan Stoianovici, & Brian R. Matlaga

21 Dilation of the Nephrostomy Tract
Peter Alken

Part 5 Stone Removal

22 Rigid and Flexible Nephroscopy
Timothy Y. Tran & Mantu Gupta

23 Percutaneous Antegrade Ureteroscopy
Burak Turna, Umit Eskidemir, & Oktay Nazli

24 Small-caliber Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: Mini, UMP, and Micro-Perc
Janak D. Desai & Arkadiusz Miernik

25 Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: Special Problems with Staghorns
Monica A. Farcas & Kenneth T. Pace

26 Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: Stone Extraction and Lithotripsy
Samir Derisavifard & Arthur D. Smith

27 Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Children
Adam S. Howe, Jordan S. Gitlin, & R. John D’A. Honey

Part 6 Other Uses of Nephrostomy Access

28 Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy of Calyceal Diverticula, Infundibular Stenosis, and Simple Cysts
Nadya E. York & James E. Lingeman

29 Percutaneous Instillation of Chemolytic, Chemotherapeutic, and Antifungal Agents
Mohamed A. Elkoushy, Philippe D. Violette, & Sero Andonian

30 Percutaneous Treatment of Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction
Michael W. Sourial, Bodo E. Knudsen, & Paul J. Van Cangh

31 Percutaneous Management of Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma
Shu Pan & Piruz Motamedinia

Part 7 Exit Strategy and Complications

32 The Access-related Complications of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy
Vinaya Vasudevan, Zeph Okeke, & Arthur D. Smith

33 Hemorrhagic Complications Associated with Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy
Sriram V. Eleswarapu & David A. Leavitt

34 Diagnosis and Management of Thoracic Complications of Percutaneous Renal Surgery
John R. Bell & Stephen Y. Nakada

35 Bowel and Other Organ Injuries with Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy
John J. Knoedler, Matthew T. Gettman, & Chad J. Fleming

36 Exit Strategies After Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy
Damien M. Bolton & Derek B. Hennessey

37 Problems with Residual Stones
Noah E. Canvasser & Margaret S. Pearle

Section 3 Ureteroscopy

Part 1 General Principles

38 Ureteral Anatomy
Gary Faerber, Amir H. Lebastchi, & Rita P. Jen

39 Rigid Ureteroscopes
Omar M. Aboumarzouk & Francis X. Keeley, Jr.

40 Flexible Ureteroscopes
Vincent G. Bird & John M. Shields

41 Rigid Ureteroscope with Flexible Tip and Special Instrumentation
Yinghao Sun & Xiaofeng Gao

42 Digital Ureteroscopes
Murat Binbay & Burak Ucpinar

43 Ureteroscopy Working Instruments
Renato N. Pedro & Manoj Monga

44 Access to the Ureter: Rigid Ureteroscopy
Jose De La Cerda, III & Timothy Y. Tseng

45 Access to the Ureter: Flexible Ureteroscopy
Ojas Shah & Mark V. Silva

46 Ureteroscopy Energy Sources
Daniel A. Wollin & Glenn M. Preminger

47 Ureteroscopic Management of Ureteral Calculi
Charles U. Nottingham, Melanie A. Adamsky, Richard J. Fantus, & Glenn S. Gerber

48 Ureteroscopic Management of Renal Calculi
Steeve Doizi & Olivier Traxer

49 Diagnostic Ureteroscopy
Hendrik Heers & Benjamin W. Turney

50 Ureteroscopic Diagnosis and Treatment of Upper Urinary Tract Neoplasms
Scott G. Hubosky & Demetrius H. Bagley

Part 2 Ureteroscopic Management of Ureteral Obstruction

51 Retrograde Endopyelotomy
Weil R. Lai & Raju Thomas

52 Endoscopic Management of Mid-ureteral Obstruction
Samuel Abourbih & D. Duane Baldwin

53 Endoscopic Management of Distal Ureteral Strictures
Michael Zhang, Ali Fathollahi, Joel Hillesohn, & Majid Eshghi

54 Endoscopic Management of Ureteroenteric Strictures
Thomas Masterson & Robert Marcovich

55 Ureterorenoscopy: Ureteral Stents and Postoperative Care
Ben H. Chew, Anthony Emmott, Dirk Lange, & Ryan F. Paterson

56 Ureteroscopy Complications
Joel E. Abbott & Roger L. Sur

57 Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery in the Future: Robotics
Anup Patel

Section 4 Shock-Wave Lithotripsy

58 Physics of Shock-wave Lithotripsy
Andreas Neisius & Pei Zhong

59 Lithotripsy Systems
Geert G. Tailly

60 Shock-wave Lithotripsy of Renal Calculi
Brian H. Eisner & Naren Nimmagadda

61 Shock-wave Lithotripsy of Ureteral Calculi
Thomas Tailly & Hassan Razvi

62 Complications of Shock-wave Lithotripsy
Christian Turk & Aleš Petřik

Section 5 Stone Management in Urology

Part 1 General Principles

63 Natural History of Stones
Johann P. Ingimarsson & Amy E. Krambeck

64 Initial Choice of Therapy in the Stone Patient
Peter L. Steinberg & David M. Hoenig

65 Management of Urolithiasis in Pregnancy
Husain Alenezi & John D. Denstedt

66 Management of Renal Colic and Triage in the Emergency Department
Marius C. Conradie

Part 2 Management of Stones in Abnormal Situations

67 Management of Stones in Horseshoe Kidneys
Chandra Shekhar Biyani & Adrian D. Joyce

68 Pelvic Kidneys
Win Shun Lai, Vidhush K. Yarlagadda, & Dean G. Assimos

69 Management of Stone Disease in Renal Transplant Kidneys
Brian Duty & Michael Lam

70 Stones in Urinary Diversions
Bodo E. Knudsen & Michael W. Sourial

71 Management of Stones in Obesity
Omer L. Tuncay & Cenk Acar

Part 3 Cost-effectiveness and Long-term Stenting

72 Cost-effective Strategies for Stone Management
Justin I. Friedlander & Eric M. Ghiraldi

73 Long-term Stenting of the Ureter
Panagiotis Kallidonis, Wissam Kamal, Dimitrios Kotsiris, Dimitrios Karnabatidis, & Evangelos Liatsikos

Volume 2

Section 6 Laparoscopy and Robotic Surgery

Part 1 General Principles

74 New Surgical Robotics
Alabdulaali Ibrahim & Koon Ho Rha

75 Training and Credentialing Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgery
Domenico Veneziano & David M. Hananel

76 Patient Preparation and Operating Room Setup for Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgery
Weil R. Lai & Benjamin R. Lee

77 Patient Preparation and Operating Room Setup for Robotic Surgery
Dima Raskolnikov, Mahir Maruf, & Arvin K. George

78 Physiologic Considerations in Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgery
Adam G. Kaplan & Michael N. Ferrandino

79 Anesthetic Management During Laparoscopic/Robotic Surgery
Judith Aronsohn, Oonagh Dowling, & Greg Palleschi

Part 2 Instrumentation, Access, and Exit

80 Laparoscopic Surgery: Basic Instrumentation
Ornob Roy

81 Robotic Surgery: Basic Instrumentation and Troubleshooting
Wooju Jeong, Mouafak Tourojman, & Craig G. Rogers

82 Minimally Invasive Reconstructive Techniques: Suture, Staple, and Clip Technology
Ali Abdel Raheem & Koon Ho Rha

83 Transperitoneal Access and Trocar Placement
Angelo Territo & Alberto Breda

84 Retroperitoneal Access and Trocar Placement
Lambros Stamatakis & Soroush Rais-Bahrami

85 Basic Hand-assisted Laparoscopic Techniques
Sapan N. Ambani & J. Stuart Wolf, Jr.

86 Laparoscopic Exit: Specimen Removal, Closure, and Drainage
Fernando J. Kim, Riccardo Autorino, & Rodrigo Donalisio da Silva

Part 3 Complications

87 Complications in Urologic Laparoscopy
David Canes, Camilo Giedelman, & Rene J. Sotelo

88 Complications of Laparoscopy Including Robotics
Friedrich-Carl von Rundstedt, Marcelo Chen, & Richard E. Link

Part 4 Laparoscopy/Robotics for Malignant Disease

89 Pelvic Lymphadenectomy
Marc D. Manganiello & Andrew A. Wagner

90 Endoscopic Subcutaneous Modified Inguinal Lymph Node Dissection for Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Penis
Jay T. Bishoff & Kefu Du

91 Laparoscopic and Robotic Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection
James R. Porter

92 Laparoscopic Radical Nephrectomy
Simpa S. Salami

93 Robotic Partial Nephrectomy: Advancements and Innovations
Sameer Chopra, Mehar Bains, & Inderbir S. Gill

94 Intraoperative Assessment of Tumor Resection Margins
Ilan Z. Kafka & Timothy D. Averch

95 Laparoscopic Radical Nephroureterectomy
Wayland J. Wu & Jessica E. Kreshover

96 Laparoscopic and Robotic Radical Cystectomy in Males and Females
Douglas S. Scherr, David M. Golombos, & Abimbola Ayangbesan

97 Robot-assisted Laparoscopic Partial Cystectomy
Manish A. Vira & Paras H. Shah

98 Laparoscopic Cystoprostatectomy with Intracorporeal Ileal Conduit
Alvin C. Goh, Brian J. Miles, & Arun Rai

99 Laparoscopic/Robotic Continent Diversion
Christopher R. Reynolds & Ashok K. Hemal

100 Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy
Jens Rassweiler, Giovannalberto Pini, Marcel Fiedler, Ali Serdar Goezen, & Dogu Teber

101 Robot-assisted Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy
Zeyad Schwen & Misop Han

102 Optimizing Outcomes During Laparoscopic and Robot-assisted Radical Prostatectomy
Matthew Goland-Van Ryn, Daniel Rosen, Thomas Bessede, & Ashutosh Tewari

Part 5 Laparoscopy/Robotics for Benign Disease

103 Laparoscopic and Robotic Reconstructive Ureteral Surgery: Basic Principles
Aaron C. Weinberg, Yuka Yamaguchi, Lee C. Zhao, & Michael D. Stifelman

104 Laparoscopic Applications to Renal Calculus Disease
Christopher S. Han & Sammy E. Elsamra

105 Laparoscopic Treatment of Renal Cysts and Diverticula
Salvatore Micali, Eugenio Martorana, Giacomo Maria Pirola, & Giampaolo Bianchi

106 Laparoscopic and Robotic Techniques for Management of Pelvic Organ Prolapse
Sandeep Gurram & Farzeen Firoozi

107 Laparoscopic and Robotic Techniques for Repair of Female Genitourinary Fistulas
Chad Baxter & Vishnukamal Golla

108 Laparoscopic, Laparoendoscopic Single-site, and Robot-assisted Living Donor Nephrectomy
Ganesh Sivarajan & Ravi Munver

109 Robotic Kidney Transplantation
Rajesh Ahlawat, Sohrab Arora, & Mani Menon

110 Minimally Invasive Surgery for Benign Prostate Disease: Laparoscopic and Robotic Techniques
Mark Ferretti, Amul Bhalodi, & John Phillips

111 Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy
Tadashi Matsuda, Hidefumi Kinoshita, Yoshihide Kawasaki, & Akira Miyajima

112 Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgery of the Seminal Vesicles
Eric H. Kim, R. Sherburne Figenshau, & Gerald L. Andriole

113 Modern Techniques in Abdominal Wall Hernia Repair: a Guide for the Practicing Endourologist
Douglas K. Held

114 Robot-assisted Vasectomy Reversal
Parviz K. Kavoussi

Part 6 Laparoscopy/Robotics in Children

115 Laparoscopic Considerations in Children
Rajeev Chaudhry, Michelle Yu, & Michael C. Ost

116 Laparoscopic and Robotic Pyeloplasty in Children
Kai-wen Chuang

117 Lower Ureteral Reconstruction: Robotic Surgery
S. Duke Herrell

118 Laparoscopic Management of the Undescended Testicle
Brian A. VanderBrink

119 Laparoscopic Varicocelectomy
Bradley A. Morganstern & Lane S. Palmer

Part 7 Laparoscopy and Robotics: LESS and NOTES

120 Laparoendoscopic Single-site Surgery: Ports, Access, and Instrumentation
Noah E. Canvasser & Jeffrey A. Cadeddu

121 Laparoendoscopic Single-site Upper Tract Surgery
Christian Tabib, Geoffrey Gaunay, & Lee Richstone

122 Robotic Laparoendoscopic Single-site Lower Tract Surgery
Daniel Ramirez, Matthew J. Maurice, & Jihad H. Kaouk

Section 7 Image-Guided Diagnostics and Therapeutics

Part 1 Upper Tract

123 Diagnosis of Renal Masses: Radiological
Gail S. Smith, Carolyn K. Donaldson, & Richard M. Gore

124 Renal Mass Biopsy
M. Pilar Laguna & Jean de la Rosette

125 Radiofrequency Ablation of Renal Tumors
Ryan L. Steinberg & Chad R. Tracy

126 Percutaneous Cryoablation of Renal Masses
David N. Siegel & Alok A. Anand

Part 2 Angio-embolization in Urology

127 Gonadal Vein Embolization
Pratik A. Shukla, Gajan Sivananthan, & Ardeshir R. Rastinehad

128 Renal Angiography and Embolization
Igor Lobko & Anthony D. Mohabir

129 Selective Arterial Prostate Embolization
Robert C. Blue, Aaron M. Fischman, & Ardeshir R. Rastinehad

Part 3 Focal Therapy Lower Tract

130 The Role and Methodology of Multiparametric MRI and Fusion-guided Biopsy in the Management of Prostate Cancer Patients
Raju R. Chelluri, Arvin K. George, Joseph A. Baiocco, Baris Turkbey, & Peter A. Pinto

131 Focal Therapy of Prostate Cancer
Kae Jack Tay & Thomas J. Polascik

132 Focal Laser Ablation for Carcinoma of Prostate
Tonye A. Jones, Shyam Natarajan, & Leonard S. Marks

133 Image-guided Prostate Brachytherapy
Michael R. Folkert, Neil B. Desai, & Yoshiya Yamada

134 Image-guided External Beam Radiotherapy
Brett Cox, Lucille Lee, & Louis Potters

135 High-intensity Focused Ultrasound of the Prostate
Edward J. Bass, Mark Emberton, & Hashim U. Ahmed

136 Cryotherapy of the Prostate
Daniel B. Rukstalis

137 Cryosurgical Ablation of the Prostate
Rajan Ramanathan, Yaw A. Nyame, & J. Stephen Jones

138 Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound in Urology
Rogier R. Wildeboer, Jean de la Rosette, Massimo Mischi, & Hessel Wijkstra

139 Principles of Prostate Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Sonia Gaur, Baris Turkbey, & Peter L. Choyke

140 Male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Assessment
Henry Tran, Matthew P. Rutman, Doreen E. Chung, & Jerry G. Blaivas

141 Office-based Cystoscopy: Continued Advances
Judson D. Davies & Sam S. Chang

142 Equipment Setup and Patient Handouts
John R. Schwabe, Amanda P. Hughes, Crystal R. Combs, & Gopal H. Badlani

143 Local Anesthesia for Minimally Invasive Treatment of the Prostate in the Office Setting
Arun Rai & Ricardo R. Gonzalez

144 Laser in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Treatment: Basic Principles
Christopher Netsch, Bilal Chughtai, Alexis E. Te, Ahmed M. Elshal, Mostafa M. Elhilali, & Andreas J. Gross

145 Holmium Laser Therapy of the Prostate
Ahmed M. Elshal & Mostafa M. Elhilali

146 532 nm High-power Transurethral Laser Prostatectomy
Bilal Chughtai, Dominique Thomas, & Alexis E. Te

147 Thulium Lasers
Andreas J. Gross & Christopher Netsch

148 The Prostatic Urethral Lift Procedure Using UroLift Implants: Novel, Minimally Invasive Therapy for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Daniel B. Rukstalis

149 Goals and Expectations of Ablation Techniques and Emerging Therapies for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: An Editorial
Catriona I. MacRae & Peter J. Gilling

150 Monopolar Transurethral Resection of Prostate
Madhu S. Agrawal & Dilip K. Mishra

151 Ablation of Prostate: Bipolar Resection
Jaspreet S. Sandhu

152 Bipolar Vaporization of the Prostate
Ahmet Karakeci, Kyle Richards, & Gopal H. Badlani

153 Single Port for Prostate Surgery
Rene J. Sotelo, Oscar D. Martin Garzon, Camilo Giedelman, Fatima Z. Husain, & Mihir Desai

154 Bladder Injections for Refractory Overactive Bladder: Intra- and Transvesical Procedures
Adam Althaus & Anurag K. Das

155 STING Procedure for Reflux
Steve J. Hodges

156 Minimally Invasive Therapy for Bladder Pain Syndrome (Interstitial Cystitis)
Ricardo Palmerola, Sandeep Gurram, & Robert Moldwin

157 New Techniques for Resecting Bladder Tumors
Alexey G. Martov, Dmitry V. Ergakov, Nikolay A. Baykov, & Zhamshid Okhunov

158 Incision: Endoscopic Management of Urethral Stenoses
Gerald H. Jordan & Kurt A. McCammon

159 Endoscopic Management of Bladder Neck Contracture Following Radical Prostatectomy
Susan MacDonald, R. Caleb Kovell, Joseph Tortora, & Ryan P. Terlecki

160 Single-incision Slings
Michael J. Kennelly & Dina A. Bastawros

161 Bioinjectables for Stress Urinary Incontinence
Ryan Dobbs, Simone Crivellaro, & John J. Smith III

162 Midurethral Slings for the Treatment of Female Stress Urinary Incontinence
Alice Drain & Victor W. Nitti

163 Maxi/Pubovaginal Sling
Gopal H. Badlani & Joao P. Zambon

164 Mesh Complications Associated with Vaginal Prolapse Surgery
Jeffrey S. Schachar & G. Willy Davila

165 Male Slings for Treatment of Post-prostatectomy Incontinence
Ajay K. Singla & Nirmish Singla

166 Neuromodulation
Dayron Rodriguez & Anurag K. Das

Index

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