Snatched into Paradise 2 Cor 12:1-10

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ISBN: 9783110247848 | 3110247844
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 1/17/2011

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In 2 Corinthians 12:110, Paul claims to have been snatched into paradise but then tells how he received a thorn in the flesh. Many recent scholars contend that Paul belittles ecstatic experiences such as the ascent to paradise. This monograph places 2 Corinthians 12:110 in the contexts of ancient ascent traditions as well as other accounts of extraordinary religious experience in Paul's letters, and it engages premodern interpretation of the ascent. This study argues that for Paul, extraordinary experiences such as the ascent enable self-transcending love for God and neighbors.

Acknowledgements	p. vii
Abbreviations	p. xiii
Introduction	p. 1
Initial Analysis of 2 Corinthians 12:1-10	p. 3
History of Interpretation	p. 9
Interpretation before 1942	p. 9
The Post-1942 Consensus	p. 11
New History of Religion Approaches	p. 13
Rhetorical Approaches	p. 20
Why this Project?	p. 23
The Difficulties of Betz's Proposal	p. 23
Käsemann's Proposal and its Implications	p. 26
Moving Beyond Tabor's Thesis	p. 28
The Problems of ôReligious Experienceö	p. 31
Methodology	p. 36
Ascent to Heaven in the Greco-Roman World	p. 39
Greek Iatromentes	p. 41
Ascent as Metaphor for Philosophical Enlightenment	p. 47
Parmenides' Proem	p. 47
Plato's Phaedrus	p. 50
Conclusions	p. 53
Heavenly Ascent as Philosophical Myth	p. 54
Plato's Myth of Er	p. 54
Cicero's Dream of Scipio	p. 56
Plutarch's Philosophical Myths	p. 59
The Face on the Moon	p. 59
On the Delays of the Divine Vengeance	p. 59
On the Sign of Socrates	p. 60
Corpus Hermeticum: Poimandres	p. 64
Lucian's Icaromenippus	p. 67
Conclusions	p. 69
Heavenly Ascent as Religious Practice	p. 70
Early Rituals of Descent	p. 70
Apuleius and the Mysteries of Isis	p. 71
The Mysteries of Mithras	p. 77
The Mithras Liturgy	p. 81
Nag Hammadi 6.6: Discourse on the Eighth and Ninth	p. 85
Conclusions	p. 88
Ascent as Political Propaganda: Roman Apotheosis Traditions	p. 89
Conclusions	p. 89
Ascent to Heaven in Ancient Judaism and Christianity	p. 95
Old Testament Theophanies	p. 98
Moses	p. 98
First Kings 22:19-22	p. 99
Isaiah 6:1-13	p. 100
Ezekiel 1:1-3:15	p. 101
Daniel 7-12	p. 103
Summary	p. 104
Moses Traditions	p. 105
The Exagoge of Ezekiel the Tragedian	p. 105
Philo's Moses	p. 107
Ascents of Other Old Testament Figures	p. 108
First Enoch 1-36: The Book of Watchers	p. 108
Testament of Levi	p. 114
First Enoch 37-71: Parables	p. 118
Second Enoch	p. 120
Third Baruch	p. 126
Apocalypse of Abraham	p. 127
Apocalypse of Zephaniah	p. 131
Apocalypse of Sedrach	p. 132
Testament of Abraham	p. 134
Ascension of Isaiah	p. 134
Conclusions	p. 137
Heavenly Ascent as Religious Practice	p. 139
A Fragment from Qumran	p. 139
Songs of the Sabbath Sacrifice	p. 141
Philo	p. 144
The Revelation of John of Patmos	p. 147
Conclusions	p. 151
Rabbinic Traditions and the Hekhalot Literature	p. 152
Mishnah Hagiga	p. 152
The Four who Entered Paradise	p. 154
	p. 156
	p. 160
Conclusions	p. 163
Conclusions	p. 164
Religious Experience in Paul's Letters	p. 169
Visions and Revelations	p. 170
Visions and Revelations of the Lord	p. 171
First Corinthians 9:1	p. 171
First Corinthians 15:8-11	p. 173
Galatians 1:11-17	p. 176
Second Corinthians 4:5-12	p. 178
The Community's Vision of the Lord: 2 Corinthians 3:16-18	p. 184
Other Experiences of Revelation	p. 188
The Galatians' Reception of the Gospel: Galatians 3:1-5	p. 188
First Corinthians 14:26-33	p. 192
First Corinthians 2:6-16	p. 192
Conclusions	p. 198
Experiences of Divine Speech	p. 201
Galatians 4:6	p. 201
Romans 8:9-27	p. 202
First Corinthians 14	p. 207
Second Corinthians 13:2-5	p. 212
Conclusions	p. 214
Suffering and Power	p. 215
Galatians 2:19-20	p. 215
Galatians 6:17	p. 218
Philippians 3:4b-21	p. 219
Philippians 1:20-21	p. 225
Conclusions	p. 226
Conclusions	p. 228
Second Corinthians 12:1-10 in its Context	p. 231
Rhetorical Situation	p. 232
Paul's Collection Efforts	p. 232
Suspicions about Paul	p. 233
Paul's Rivals	p. 234
The Immediate Literary Context of 2 Corinthians 12:1-10 in Chapters 10-13	p. 235
Paul's Gentleness and Paul's Authority	p. 235
Paul's Teaching and Refusal of Payment	p. 242
A Fool's Boast	p. 244
Second Corinthians 12:1-10	p. 248
Second Corinthians 12:1-4	p. 248
Second Corinthians 12:5-7a	p. 263
Second Corinthians 12:7b-10	p. 268
Conclusions	p. 282
Summary and Conclusions of Exegetical Work	p. 282
Conclusions in View of Chapters 2-4	p. 285
Premodern Interpretation of 2 Corinthians 12:1-10 in the Eastern Church	p. 289
Origen	p. 292
Gregory of Nyssa	p. 304
Symeon the New Theologian	p. 313
Gregory Palamas	p. 321
Conclusions	p. 328
Epilogue	p. 333
Bibliography	p. 339
Primary Sources	p. 339
Reference Works	p. 347
Commentaries	p. 348
Other Secondary Sources	p. 350
Index of Ancient Texts	p. 375
Index of Modern Authors	p. 387
Index of Subjects	p. 389
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Snatched into Paradise 2 Cor 12:1-10

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