The Social Child

Brings together controversial and conflicting positions on issues of importance to society. Considers the likely impact of rising divorce rates and single parenting, how genes inform development, whether changing sex roles have had an impact on children's social interactions, and more. For social workers, psychologists, and students.

List of contributors

xi

Acknowledgements

xiii

PART ONE: Theories

1

(110)

Something happened: Fission and fusion in developmental psychology

3

(18)

Anne Campbell

Steven Muncer

The big bang

5

(2)

My enemy's enemy: Culture and evolution

7

(5)

Beyond the family: With a little help from my friends

12

(3)

Where is the ``Social'' in the social child?

15

(6)

Evolution and development

21

(30)

Kevin MacDonald

Theoretical basics

21

(4)

Sex differences in some domain-specific mechanisms

25

(5)

Do the phenotypic contours of human development meet evolutionary expectations?

30

(4)

Evolved systems influencing the resource value of children in the peer group

34

(3)

Morality and altruism

37

(3)

Reproductive strategies: The coherence of development

40

(3)

Conclusion

43

(8)

Genes, environment, and psychological development

51

(34)

David C. Rowe

Studies of development using biological families

52

(1)

Studies of development using social categories

53

(2)

Studies of development using racial and ethnic group categories

55

(1)

The field of behaviour genetics

56

(4)

Behaviour genetic research designs

60

(5)

Limits to the strength of family environmental effects on psychological traits

65

(7)

Genetic variance in social categories

72

(4)

Genetic variance in racial and ethnic group differences

76

(3)

A look ahead: Summary and conclusions

79

(6)

Cultural influences on development

85

(26)

Gustav Jahoda

Why bother about culture?

85

(2)

Theoretical orientations

87

(3)

Infancy

90

(4)

Cognitive development

94

(5)

Anthropological studies of social development

99

(6)

Conclusion

105

(6)

PART TWO: Agents

111

(106)

Families and social development: The 21st century

113

(30)

Harry McGurk

Grace Soriano

Changing family demography

115

(2)

Work and families

117

(9)

Poverty and childhood social development

126

(1)

Divorce and childhood social development

127

(10)

Conclusions

137

(6)

The company they keep: Friendships and their developmental significance

143

(22)

Willard W. Hartup

Having friends

145

(5)

The identity of the child's friends

150

(4)

Friendship quality

154

(4)

Conclusion

158

(1)

Acknowledgements

159

(6)

Social life in the primary school: Towards a relational concept of social skills for use in the classroom

165

(24)

Peter Kutnick

Iain Manson

Classroom grouping and pedagogy

166

(1)

Social skills training (SST)

167

(6)

Developmental theory

173

(5)

Has the sociorelational programme been effective?

178

(5)

Conclusion

183

(6)

Technology, media, and social development

189

(28)

Charles Crook

Electronic media and the delivery of social representations

193

(7)

Electronic media and configurations of social life

200

(5)

Electronic media as resource within social relations

205

(3)

Electronic media and children's psychological theorising

208

(3)

Concluding comments

211

(6)

PART THREE: Substance

217

(188)

The developmental origins of social understanding

219

(30)

Dale F. Hay

Helen Demetriou

The ``micro'' level: Humans and their inner worlds

220

(15)

The ``macro'' level: Interaction, relationships, and the greater social order

235

(6)

Conclusions: Self and society

241

(8)

Children's perspective on the emotional process

249

(22)

Mark Meerum Terwogt

Hedy Stegge

The child's naive ``theory of emotion''

250

(4)

Children's understanding of the causes of emotion

254

(5)

Understanding emotional display rules

259

(2)

Coping with negative emotions

261

(4)

Knowledge and behaviour: A word of caution

265

(6)

Agency and identity: A relational approach

271

(22)

John Shotter

Evaluative knowing from within a situation

272

(3)

Our embodied, socially embedded being: Developmental social practices

275

(3)

Two stances or sensibilities: Embodied and disembodied

278

(4)

The method: Attending to ``fleeting moments'' within a practice

282

(4)

Conclusions

286

(7)

Sociomoral understanding

293

(32)

Nicholas Emler

Theories of moral development: A glance to the past

294

(2)

From socially determined standards to self-constructed insights

296

(2)

Jean Piaget and the development of social knowledge

298

(4)

Lawrence Kohlberg and the philosopher child

302

(5)

Eliot Turiel and the fundamental domains of social knowledge

307

(2)

Sociomoral understanding: Self-construction or social construction

309

(6)

Thinking or arguing: Self-control or social control?

315

(4)

Conclusions

319

(6)

Gender and the development of interpersonal orientation

325

(28)

Anne Campbell

How and why do the sexes differ?

326

(4)

The empty child: Socialisation theories

330

(3)

The thinking child: Cognitive-developmental theories

333

(3)

The adapted child: An epigenetic approach

336

(11)

Summary

347

(6)

Youth crime and antisocial behaviour

353

(40)

David P. Farrington

The nature and extent of youth crime

355

(11)

Modifiable risk factors for youth crime

366

(14)

Explaining the development of offending

380

(3)

Conclusions

383

(10)

Concluding remarks

393

(12)

Steven Muncer

Anne Campbell

The question of culture

393

(2)

The question of shared environment

395

(3)

The question of focus

398

(7)

Author index

405

(9)

Subject index

414

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