Sociology of Mental Illness, A

, by Tausig, Mark; Michello, Janet; Subedi, Sree

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ISBN: 9780134596372 | 0134596374
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 1/1/2004

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Summarizing mental health research conducted by sociologists over the last 30 years, "A Sociology of Mental Illness" provides a consistent narrative that emphasizes how social statuses and social roles affect mental health. The mental health treatment system and the public's reaction to mental illness are also comprehensively discussed. Topics include social causes and consequences of mental illness; social statuses, such as gender, socioeconomic status, race/ethnicity, age, and community; deviant behavior; and the challenges of community mental health. For those in the fields of sociology, psychology, nursing, and social workers.

PREFACE

xiii

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION: SOCIAL CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF MENTAL ILLNESS

(16)

Biological and Psychological Perspectives

(2)

The Medical Model

(1)

The Sociological Perspective

(4)

The Origins of the Sociological Study of the Stress Process

(2)

The Current Sociological Study of the Stress Process

(1)

Statuses and Roles as Causes of Distress

(1)

Social Reactions to Mental Illness

(5)

The Labeling of Deviant Behavior as Mental Illness

(1)

The Relationship between Public Attitudes and Professional Labels

(1)

The Medicalization of Deviant Behavior as Mental Illness

(1)

Mental Hospitals and Community-Based Care

(1)

A Sociology of Mental Illness

(1)

A Note on Terminology

(3)

Distress, Deviance, and Mental Illness

(3)

PART I: SOCIAL CAUSES OF MENTAL ILLNESS

(86)

CHAPTER 2 THE STRESS PROCESS AND MENTAL ILLNESS

(8)

The Biological Basis of Stress

(3)

The Bio-Social Basis of Stress

(1)

The Socio-Medical Model

(1)

The Sociological Model

(2)

Linking Stress with Mental Illness

(1)

Summary

(2)

CHAPTER 3 SOCIAL STATUS: GENDER

(7)

How Gender Is Defined

(1)

The Relationship between Gender and Mental Health

(1)

Social Status Explanations of Distress

(2)

Social Role Explanations of Distress

(3)

Role Occupancy

(1)

Role Fulfillment

(1)

Multiple Roles

(1)

Role Strain

(1)

Summary

(1)

CHAPTER 4 SOCIAL STATUS: SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS AND RACE/ETHNICITY

(13)

Socioeconomic Status (SES) and Well-Being

(8)

Explaining the Relationship

(2)

The Socioeconomic Distribution of Stressors

(1)

The Socioeconomic Distribution of Resources

(3)

Section Summary

(1)

Race/Ethnicity and Distress

(4)

CHAPTER 5 SOCIAL STATUS: AGE

(12)

The Age Trajectory of Distress

(1)

Age, Resources, and Distress

(6)

Children and Adolescents

(2)

Young Adults

(1)

Middle-Aged Adults

(1)

Older Adults

(1)

The Cumulative Nature of Well-Being

(3)

Cumulative Advantage

(1)

Cumulative Adversity

(1)

Summary

(1)

CHAPTER 6 SOCIAL ROLES: SPOUSE, PARENT

(12)

Marriage, Marital Roles, and Emotional Well-Being

(2)

Aggregate Changes in Family Structure as a Source of Distress

(1)

Marital Status Transitions

(2)

Impact of Parental Roles on Emotional Well-Being

(2)

Gender Differences

(2)

Summary

(2)

CHAPTER 7 SOCIAL ROLES: WORKER

(17)

The Economy, Labor Markets, and Distress

(5)

The Effects of Unemployment

(1)

Economic Cycles and Unemployment

(1)

Downsizing

(1)

Shifts in the Economic Distribution of Jobs

(1)

Deskilling of Jobs

(1)

Temporary and Contingent Jobs

(1)

Job Conditions and Distress

(5)

Job Demands and Decision Latitude

(2)

Job Complexity, Co-Worker Support, and Job Security

(1)

The Effects of the General Economy on Job Conditions

(1)

Gender, SES, Race, and Job Conditions

(5)

Gender Effects

(1)

Socioeconomic Status Effects

(1)

Race/Ethnicity Effects

(2)

Summary

(1)

CHAPTER 8 THE INTERSECTION OF STATUSES AND ROLES

(17)

The Intersection of Gender, Work, and Family

(3)

Some Non-Normative Cases

(6)

Single Mothers

(2)

Caregivers

(3)

Combining Statuses and Roles to Predict Distress

(4)

Section Summary

100

(1)

A Note on the Limitations of This Discussion

101

(2)

PART II: SOCIAL REACTIONS TO MENTAL ILLNESS

103

(107)

CHAPTER 9 LABELING DEVIANT BEHAVIOR AS MENTAL ILLNESS

103

(17)

Deviant Behavior as Mental Illness

104

(1)

Societal Reactions to Deviant Behavior: Social Control

104

(1)

The Labeling of Deviant Behavior and Deviants

105

(7)

Critique and Modifications

109

(3)

Family Reactions to Deviant Behavior

115

(1)

Non-Family Reactions to Deviant Behavior

115

(1)

Social Status and Labeling

116

(2)

Summary

118

(2)

CHAPTER 10 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PUBLIC ATTITUDES AND PROFESSIONAL LABELS

120

(18)

Public Attitudes

121

(4)

Reactions to Being Labeled

124

(1)

Why a Negative Stereotype Develops

125

(1)

Professional Labels

125

(8)

The Classification of Mental Disorders

127

(3)

Disorders Usually First Diagnosed in Infancy, Childhood, or Adolescence

130

(1)

Delirium, Dementia, and Amnestic and Other Cognitive Disorders

131

(1)

Substance-Related Disorders

131

(1)

Schizophrenic Disorders

131

(1)

Mood Disorders

132

(1)

Anxiety Disorders

132

(1)

Sexual and Gender Disorders, Eating Disorders, Sleep Disorders, Impulse-Control Disorders, Adjustment Disorders, and Personality Disorders

132

(1)

How Changes Are Made in the DSM

133

(1)

The Objectivity of Diagnosis

134

(2)

Summary

136

(2)

CHAPTER 11 MEDICALIZATION OF DEVIANT BEHAVIOR AND MENTAL ILLNESS

138

(19)

Deviant Behavior and Its Control

140

(2)

Illness as Deviant Behavior

141

(1)

The Medicalization of Deviant Behavior

142

(6)

The Medicalization Process

144

(2)

Benefits of Medicalization

146

(1)

Costs of Medicalization

146

(2)

The Medicalization of Madness

148

(1)

The Prevalence of Mental Illness in the General Population

148

(3)

The Social Distribution of Mental Illness

151

(2)

Deviant Behavior or Biological Dysfunction?

153

(2)

Summary

155

(2)

CHAPTER 12 THE HISTORY OF SOCIETAL REACTIONS TO MENTAL ILLNESS

157

(16)

Definitions of Deviance and Societal Responses across Cultures

157

(4)

Common Explanations

158

(1)

Non-Western Definitions and Societal Responses

159

(2)

Definitions and Societal Responses in Early Western Culture

161

(6)

The Middle Ages

162

(2)

Industrialization, Enlightenment, and the Need for Order

164

(2)

The Growth of Large Public Hospitals

166

(1)

Modern Medical and Psychological Explanations

167

(5)

The End of the Hospital Era

168

(2)

The Shift to Community-Based Care

170

(2)

Summary

172

(1)

CHAPTER 13 THE CHALLENGE OF COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH

173

(23)

Roots of Community Care

174

(2)

The State of Public Mental Hospitals

174

(1)

The Availability of Psychotropic Drugs

175

(1)

The Economics of Custodial Care

175

(1)

Mental Illness in the General Community

175

(1)

Legal Requirements

176

(1)

New Philosophical Orientations to Treatment

176

(1)

Deinstitutionalization

176

(1)

The Community Ideal

176

(9)

Characteristics of Community Mental Health Services

180

(1)

The Implementation of CMHC

181

(1)

Refocus on the Chronic Patient

182

(3)

Deinstitutionalization and Community Mental Health--Persistent Problems and Current Issues

185

(4)

Current Trends in Community Mental Health

189

(7)

The Family and Community Mental Health Care

190

(1)

Family Reactions to Mental Illness

191

(1)

Family Burden

192

(1)

Alternative Forms of Community-Based Care

193

(3)

CHAPTER 14 THE CONTRIBUTION OF SOCIOLOGY

196

(14)

Other Explanations

197

(6)

The Biological Basis of Psychological Disorder

198

(2)

The Psychological Basis of Psychological Disorder

200

(2)

The Social Basis of Psychological Disorder

202

(1)

The Place of Sociological Explanations

203

(3)

Social Causes of Psychological Distress

206

(1)

Societal Reactions to Mental Illness

207

(3)

BIBLIOGRAPHY

210

(20)

INDEX

230

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Sociology of Mental Illness, A

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