Software Defined Radio for 3G

If you're a mobile communications engineer considering software radio solutions, this practical resource is essential reading. It covers systems design and partitioning all the way from the antenna to the management and control software. Various options for hardware are provided including a look at current and state of the art silicon technologies such as A/D & D/A's, DSP's, FPGA's, RCP's, ACM's & digital frequency up/down-converters.

Paul Burns is currently a 3G manager with NEC in Melbourne, Australia, and also operates the telecommunications software consulting company Simplexity Communications

Preface

xv

What Software Defined Radio Is and Why We Should Use It

1

(10)

Introduction to Software Defined Radio

1

(1)

3G Software Radio Applications

2

(1)

A Traditional Hardware Radio Architecture

3

(1)

An Ideal Software Defined Radio Architecture

4

(1)

Signal Processing Hardware History

5

(2)

Software Defined Radio Project Complexity

7

(1)

The Software Defined Radio Forum

7

(1)

Conclusion

8

(3)

References

9

(2)

A Basic Software Defined Radio Architecture

11

(20)

Introduction

11

(1)

2G Radio Architectures

12

(5)

Hybrid Radio Architecture

13

(4)

Basic Software Defined Radio Block Diagram

17

(4)

System-Level Functional Partitioning

21

(4)

Digital Frequency Conversion Partitioning

21

(4)

A COTS Implementation of the Basic Architecture

25

(4)

Conclusion

29

(2)

References

29

(2)

RF System Design

31

(20)

Introduction

31

(1)

Worldwide Frequency Band Plans

32

(1)

Noise and Channel Capacity

32

(1)

Link Budget

33

(7)

Free Space Loss

34

(1)

Practical Loss Models

35

(1)

IMT 2000 Path Loss Models

35

(3)

Detailed System Link Budget

38

(2)

3G RF Performance Requirements

40

(3)

Receiver Requirements

40

(2)

3G Transmitter Requirements

42

(1)

Multicarrier Power Amplifiers

43

(5)

Power Amplifier Linearizers

43

(4)

Power Consumption Efficiency

47

(1)

Signal Processing Capacity Tradeoff

48

(1)

Design Flow

48

(1)

Conclusion

49

(2)

References

50

(1)

Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog Conversion

51

(22)

Introduction

51

(1)

Digital Conversion Fundamentals

52

(6)

Sample Rate

52

(1)

Bandpass Sampling

52

(2)

Oversampling

54

(1)

Antialias Filtering

54

(1)

Effective Number of Bits

54

(1)

Quantization

55

(1)

Static and Dynamic Errors

56

(2)

ADC Techniques

58

(8)

Successive Approximation

58

(1)

14-Bit Software Radio ADC

59

(1)

Dithering

60

(3)

Clock Jitter and Aperture Uncertainty

63

(2)

Figure of Merit

65

(1)

DACs

66

(1)

Converter Noise and Dynamic Range Budgets

67

(3)

DAC Noise Budget

67

(2)

ADC Noise Budget

69

(1)

Conclusion

70

(3)

References

70

(3)

Digital Frequency Up- and Downconverters

73

(24)

Introduction

73

(1)

Why Use DUCs and DDCs?

74

(1)

Frequency Converter Fundamentals

74

(8)

Digital NCO

75

(1)

Digital Mixers

76

(1)

Digital Filters

76

(3)

Halfband Filters

79

(1)

Cascaded Integrator Comb (CIC) Filters

80

(1)

Decimation, Interpolation, and Multirate Processing

81

(1)

DUCs

82

(9)

ISL5217

82

(9)

DDCs

91

(4)

ISL5216

91

(2)

ISL5416

93

(2)

Cascading Digital Converters and Digital Frequency Converters

95

(1)

Conclusion

95

(2)

References

96

(1)

Signal Processing Hardware Components

97

(28)

Introduction

97

(1)

SDR Requirements for Processing Power

98

(3)

DSPs

101

(12)

DSP Devices

102

(8)

DSP Performance Summary

110

(1)

DSP Compilers

111

(2)

Reconfigurable Processors

113

(7)

Chameleon Reconfigurable Communications Processor (RCP)

113

(6)

Adaptive Computing Machine

119

(1)

FPGAs

120

(2)

Symbol Rate and Chip-Rate Partitioning

122

(1)

Conclusion

122

(3)

References

123

(2)

Software Architecture and Components

125

(38)

Introduction

125

(1)

Major Software Architectural Choices

126

(3)

Hardware-Specific Software Architecture

126

(1)

Abstracted Open Software Architecture

127

(2)

Software Standards for Software Radio

129

(24)

JTRS Software Communications Architecture Specification

130

(14)

SDRF Distributed Object Computing Software Radio Architecture

144

(3)

The OMG

147

(6)

Software Design Patterns

153

(1)

Component Choices

153

(7)

Real-Time Operating Systems

153

(3)

High-Level Software Languages

156

(2)

Hardware Languages

158

(2)

Conclusion

160

(3)

References

160

(3)

Applications for Wireless Systems

163

(58)

Introduction

163

(1)

3G Air Interface Fundamentals

164

(27)

CDMA Fundamentals

164

(6)

WCDMA

170

(8)

CDMA2000

178

(10)

GSM Evolution

188

(3)

Software Defined Radio Examples

191

(23)

Frameworks and Platforms

191

(17)

Base Transceiver Stations

208

(2)

3G SDR Testbeds

210

(4)

3G Networks

214

(5)

CDMA2000

214

(4)

Other 3G Networks

218

(1)

Conclusion

219

(2)

References

219

(2)

Smart Antennas Using Software Radio

221

(18)

Introduction

221

(1)

What Is a Smart Antenna?

221

(2)

3G Smart Antenna Requirements

223

(1)

Phased Antenna Array Theory

223

(1)

Applying Software Radio Principles to Antenna Systems

224

(1)

Smart Antenna Architectures

225

(10)

Switched Beam Arrays

226

(2)

Optimum Combining/Adaptive Arrays

228

(1)

DOA Arrays

229

(1)

Beam Forming for CDMA

230

(2)

Downlink Beam Forming

232

(3)

A Software Radio Smart Antenna Architecture

235

(1)

Smart Antenna Performance

235

(2)

Conclusion

237

(2)

References

237

(2)

Low-Cost Experimental Software Radio Platform

239

(14)

Introduction

239

(1)

Platform Requirements

239

(1)

System Architecture

239

(3)

System Interfaces

242

(1)

Analog RF Interface

242

(1)

TMS320C62x EVM Daughterboard Interface

242

(1)

PCI Interface

242

(1)

Line-Level Audio Output Interface

242

(1)

System Design

243

(2)

DSP Clock Frequency

243

(1)

ADC Clock Source

243

(1)

Matching Sampling Rates

244

(1)

Functional Design

245

(3)

Low-Level Implementation Details

248

(2)

THS12082 Hardware

248

(1)

THS12082 Software

249

(1)

DSP BIOS Configuration

249

(1)

Potential Applications and Conclusion

250

(3)

References

250

(3)

Engineering Design Assistance Tools

253

(8)

Introduction

253

(1)

How EDA Tools Can Help Software Radio Development

253

(2)

MATLAB

255

(1)

C6701 Developers Kit

255

(1)

Cocentric System Studio

256

(1)

SPW

256

(1)

SystemC

256

(1)

Reference Design Examples

257

(2)

CDMA Reference Block Set

257

(1)

NIST

257

(2)

Conclusion

259

(2)

References

259

(2)

List of Acronyms

261

(6)

About the Author

267

(2)

Index

269

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Software Defined Radio for 3G

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

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Rent More, Save More! Use code: BBRENTAL

5% off 1 book, 7% off 2 books, 10% off 3+ books

Software Defined Radio for 3G

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

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