Software Engineering For Students

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ISBN: 9780321261274 | 0321261275
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 11/30/2005

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[shelving category: software engineering] 'Bell covers the main areas of software engineering with accuracy and AUTHORity, and without getting bogged down in superfluous detail. My students actually like this book; it's very readable.' (Martin Bush, South Bank University) This fully revised version of Doug Bell's Software Engineering: A Programming Approach continues to use the successful formula of the previous EDITIONs. The AUTHOR's approach is to present the main principles, techniques and tools used in software engineering, one by one, chapter by chapter. He provides the reader with the knowledge to select the appropriate techniques for the project in hand. He builds on the reader's experience of coding small-scale applications, and examines everything they will need to begin programming large-scale software systems. This book is a unique introduction to software engineering for all students of computer science and its related disciplines. It is also ideal for practitioners wishing to remain current with new developments in the area. Features bull; bull;Pragmatic, non-mathematical approach bull;Self-test questions within each chapter help the reader to fully understand the concepts bull;Numerous exercises are provided at the END of each chapter bull;Consistent use of the UML as a design notation bull;Case studies used throughout bull;An accompanying website with even more teaching and learning resources Douglas Bell is a lecturer at Sheffield Hallam University in the UK. He has AUTHORed and co-AUTHORed a number of texts, including the best-selling Java For Students.

Preface

xix

Part A Preliminaries

(51)

Software -- problems and prospects

(19)

Introduction

(1)

Meeting users' needs

(1)

The cost of software production

(5)

Meeting deadlines

(1)

Software performance

(1)

Portability

(1)

Maintenance

(2)

Reliability

(3)

Human--computer interaction

(1)

A software crisis?

(1)

A remedy -- software engineering?

(5)

Summary

(1)

Exercises

(1)

Answers to self-test questions

(1)

Further reading

(2)

The tasks of software development

(8)

Introduction

(1)

The tasks

(3)

Process models

(1)

Methodology

(1)

Hacking

(2)

Summary

(1)

Exercises

(1)

Answer to self-test question

(1)

The feasibility study

(6)

Introduction

(1)

Technical feasibility

(1)

Cost-benefit analysis

(1)

Other criteria

(1)

Case study

(2)

Discussion

(2)

Summary

(1)

Exercises

(1)

Answers to self-test questions

(1)

Further reading

(1)

Requirements engineering

(16)

Introduction

(1)

The concept of a requirement

(1)

The qualities of a specification

(2)

How to elicit requirements

(1)

The requirements specification

(1)

The structure of a specification

(3)

Use cases

(1)

Use case diagrams

(6)

Summary

(1)

Exercises

(1)

Answers to self-test questions

(1)

Further reading

(3)

Part B Design

(121)

User interface design

(14)

Introduction

(1)

An inter-disciplinary field

(1)

Styles of human-computer interface

(2)

Different perspectives on user interface design

(1)

Design principles and guidelines

(3)

Interface design

(2)

Case study

(1)

Help systems

(4)

Summary

(1)

Exercises

(1)

Answers to self-test questions

(1)

Further reading

(2)

Modularity

(20)

Introduction

(1)

Why modularity?

(2)

Component types

(1)

Component size and complexity

(3)

Global data is harmful

(1)

Information hiding

(2)

Coupling and cohesion

(1)

Coupling

(2)

Cohesion

(3)

Object-oriented programming

(2)

Discussion

(3)

Summary

(1)

Exercises

(1)

Answers to self-test questions

(1)

Further reading

(1)

Structured programming

(15)

Introduction

(2)

Arguments against goto

(3)

Arguments in favor of goto

(2)

Selecting control structures

(2)

What is structured programming?

(6)

Summary

(1)

Exercises

(1)

Answer to self-test question

100

(1)

Further reading

101

(1)

Functional decomposition

102

(9)

Introduction

102

(1)

Case study

103

(4)

Discussion

107

(4)

Summary

109

(1)

Exercises

109

(1)

Answer to self-test question

110

(1)

Further reading

110

(1)

Data flow design

111

(10)

Introduction

111

(2)

Identifying data flows

113

(2)

Creation of a structure chart

115

(2)

Discussion

117

(4)

Summary

118

(1)

Exercises

119

(1)

Answers to self-test questions

120

(1)

Further reading

120

(1)

Data structure design

121

(18)

Introduction

121

(1)

A simple example

122

(4)

Processing input files

126

(1)

Multiple input and output streams

127

(3)

Structure clashes

130

(4)

Discussion

134

(5)

Summary

136

(1)

Exercises

136

(2)

Answers to self-test questions

138

(1)

Further reading

138

(1)

Object-oriented design

139

(12)

Introduction

139

(1)

Design

140

(4)

Looking for reuse

144

(1)

Using the library

145

(1)

Class-responsibility-collaborator cards

145

(1)

Iteration

146

(1)

Discussion

147

(4)

Summary

147

(1)

Exercises

148

(1)

Answers to self-test questions

149

(1)

Further reading

149

(2)

Design patterns

151

(14)

Introduction

151

(1)

Inheritance

152

(1)

Delegation

153

(1)

Singleton

154

(1)

Factory method

155

(1)

Facade

156

(1)

Immutable

157

(1)

Model, view controller (observer, observable)

157

(1)

Mediator

158

(1)

Pipe and Filter

158

(1)

Proxy

159

(1)

Layers

159

(2)

Blob -- an anti-pattern

161

(1)

Discussion

161

(4)

Summary

162

(1)

Exercises

163

(1)

Answers to self-test questions

163

(1)

Further reading

164

(1)

Refactoring

165

(8)

Introduction

165

(1)

Encapsulate data

166

(1)

Move method

167

(1)

Move data

167

(1)

Extract class

167

(1)

Inline class

167

(1)

Identify composition or inheritance

168

(2)

Use polymorphism

170

(1)

Discussion

171

(2)

Summary

171

(1)

Exercises

172

(1)

Answers to self-test questions

172

(1)

Part C Programming languages

173

(92)

The basics

175

(25)

Introduction

175

(1)

Classifying programming languages and features

176

(1)

Design principles

176

(2)

Language syntax

178

(1)

Control structures

179

(1)

Selection

180

(3)

Repetition

183

(3)

Methods

186

(2)

Parameter-passing mechanisms

188

(2)

Primitive data types

190

(1)

Data typing

190

(1)

Strong versus weak typing

191

(2)

User-defined data types (enumerations)

193

(1)

Arrays

194

(1)

Records (structures)

195

(5)

Summary

196

(1)

Exercises

197

(1)

Answers to self-test questions

198

(1)

Further reading

199

(1)

Object-oriented programming

200

(21)

Introduction

200

(1)

Encapsulation

200

(6)

Library classes

206

(1)

Inheritance

207

(2)

Polymorphism

209

(3)

Single versus multiple inheritance

212

(1)

Generics

212

(1)

Dynamic data structures and pointers

213

(2)

Garbage collection

215

(6)

Summary

217

(1)

Exercises

217

(1)

Answers to self-test questions

218

(2)

Further reading

220

(1)

Programming in the large

221

(16)

Introduction

221

(2)

Packages

223

(1)

Using packages

224

(2)

Creating packages

226

(1)

Scoping in large programs

226

(1)

Interfaces

227

(2)

Interfaces and interoperability

229

(1)

Multiple interfaces

230

(2)

Separate compilation

232

(5)

Summary

233

(1)

Exercises

233

(1)

Answers to self-test questions

234

(1)

Further reading

235

(2)

Software robustness

237

(22)

Introduction

237

(2)

Fault detection by software

239

(3)

Fault detection by hardware

242

(2)

Dealing with damage

244

(1)

Exceptions and exception handlers

245

(4)

Recovery blocks

249

(3)

n-version programming

252

(1)

Assertions

253

(1)

Discussion

254

(5)

Summary

255

(1)

Exercises

255

(2)

Answers to self-test questions

257

(1)

Further reading

258

(1)

Scripting

259

(6)

Introduction

259

(1)

Unix

259

(3)

Discussion

262

(3)

Summary

263

(1)

Exercises

263

(1)

Answers to self-test questions

263

(1)

Further reading

263

(2)

Part D Verification

265

(24)

Testing

267

(16)

Introduction

267

(1)

The nature of errors

268

(1)

The problem of testing

269

(1)

Black box (functional) testing

269

(3)

White box (structural) testing

272

(2)

Other testing methods

274

(2)

Unit testing

276

(1)

System (integration) testing

277

(1)

Discussion

278

(5)

Summary

278

(1)

Exercises

279

(2)

Answers to self-test questions

281

(1)

Further reading

282

(1)

Groups

283

(6)

Introduction

283

(1)

The individual and the error

283

(1)

Structured walkthroughs

284

(2)

Inspections

286

(1)

Pair programming

286

(1)

Discussion

287

(2)

Summary

287

(1)

Exercises

288

(1)

Further reading

288

(1)

Part E Process models

289

(56)

The waterfall model

291

(6)

Introduction

291

(1)

Principles of the model

291

(2)

Feedback between stages

293

(1)

Discussion

294

(3)

Summary

295

(1)

Exercises

295

(1)

Answers to self-test questions

296

(1)

The spiral model

297

(6)

Introduction

297

(1)

The spiral model

297

(3)

Case study

300

(1)

Discussion

301

(2)

Summary

301

(1)

Exercises

301

(1)

Answer to self-test question

302

(1)

Further reading

302

(1)

Prototyping

303

(11)

Introduction

303

(1)

Definition

303

(1)

Throwaway or evolutionary?

304

(1)

Throwaway prototyping

305

(2)

Evolutionary prototyping

307

(1)

Rapid prototyping techniques

308

(2)

Discussion

310

(4)

Summary

312

(1)

Exercises

312

(1)

Answers to self-test questions

313

(1)

Incremental development

314

(8)

Introduction

314

(1)

Big-bang implementation

315

(1)

Test beds

315

(1)

Top-down implementation

316

(1)

Bottom-up implementation

317

(1)

Middle-out implementation

318

(1)

Use case driven implementation

319

(1)

Discussion

319

(3)

Summary

320

(1)

Exercises

320

(1)

Answers to self-test questions

321

(1)

Further reading

321

(1)

Open source software development

322

(8)

Introduction

322

(1)

The principles of open source development

322

(1)

The schism within open source development

323

(1)

Techniques of open source development

324

(1)

Case Study: the GNU/Linux operating system

325

(1)

Discussion

326

(4)

Summary

327

(1)

Exercises

328

(1)

Answers to self-test questions

328

(1)

Further reading

328

(2)

Agile methods and extreme programming

330

(7)

Introduction

330

(1)

The agile manifesto

330

(2)

Extreme programming

332

(5)

Summary

335

(1)

Exercises

336

(1)

Answers to self-test questions

336

(1)

Further reading

336

(1)

The unified process

337

(8)

Introduction

337

(1)

Overview

337

(1)

Phases of the UP

338

(1)

Techniques

339

(2)

Iteration

341

(1)

Case study

341

(2)

Discussion

343

(2)

Summary

343

(1)

Exercises

344

(1)

Further reading

344

(1)

Part F Project management

345

(38)

Teams

347

(10)

Introduction

347

(1)

The principles of teams

347

(4)

The functional team

351

(1)

The project team

351

(1)

The chief programmer team

351

(2)

The object-oriented team

353

(1)

Discussion

354

(3)

Summary

355

(1)

Exercises

355

(1)

Answer to self-test question

355

(1)

Further reading

356

(1)

Software metrics and quality assurance

357

(13)

Introduction

357

(1)

Basic metrics

358

(1)

Complexity metrics

358

(3)

Faults and reliability - estimating bugs

361

(1)

Software quality

362

(2)

Quality assurance

364

(1)

Process improvement

365

(1)

The Capability Maturity Model

366

(4)

Summary

367

(1)

Exercises

367

(1)

Answers to self-test questions

368

(1)

Further reading

381

(2)

Part G Review

383

(22)

Assessing methods

385

(7)

Introduction

385

(1)

How to assess methods

386

(1)

Case study -- assessing verification techniques

387

(1)

The current state of methods

388

(1)

A single development method?

389

(1)

Introducing new methods

390

(2)

Summary

390

(1)

Exercises

390

(1)

Further reading

391

(1)

Conclusion

392

(13)

Introduction

392

(1)

Software tools

392

(1)

The world of programming languages

393

(1)

Software reuse

394

(1)

The real world of software engineering

395

(2)

Control versus skill

397

(1)

Future methods and tools

398

(2)

History

400

(1)

The future of software engineering

400

(5)

Summary

401

(1)

Exercises

402

(1)

Further reading

402

(3)

Appendices

405

(2)

A. Case studies

407

(4)

The ATM

407

(1)

The word processor

408

(1)

Computer game

408

(1)

The library

409

(1)

Patient monitoring system

410

(1)

B. Glossary

411

(1)

C. CUML Summary

412

(5)

Use case diagrams

412

(1)

Class diagrams

413

(1)

Package diagrams

414

(1)

Activity diagrams

414

(3)

Further reading

416

(1)

Bibliography

417

(2)

Index

419

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Software Engineering For Students

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Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials