Space Law in the European Context National Architecture, Legislation and Policy in France

This book provides a comprehensive study on space law and policy in France. Part I describes the role played by the law to build up the French Space Policy though the establishment of CNES, the French space agency. It gives a historical overview of the functioning of CNES, how its public space projects are authorized, financed and controlled by the government and parliament and how these projects are implemented in an international and national framework, especially in relationship with the private industry. The interactions with the European governance, the legal instruments and space programs of the European Space Agency (ESA) and the European Union (EU) are also discussed.

Part II details the legal background: the law-making process among parliament, government, industry, experts and CNES. It also reviews the current functioning of the French Space Operation Act of 2008 as a legal instrument, designed to regulate and promote the private space entrepreneurship under its jurisdiction.

Uniquely, the annexes of this book contain the whole legislation in the French version and its English translation. Additionally they provide unpublished working documents: a comparison list of usual space law definitions and a table of concordance on different technical provisions between different FSOA texts and several international standards on space.

Philippe Clerc is the senior officer of compliance and code of ethics at the French Space Agency (CNES). He has been the head of the CNES’ legal department from 2007 to 2017. His broad vision and understanding in matters of space law and policy are based on experience gathered by occupying since 1989 a number of positions and responsibilities in CNES, the French Ministry of Research and Arianespace, the private European launch operator. Mr Clerc has unique knowledge of the law-making process of the French Space Act: after having initiated the first preliminary studies in 1999, he has been monitoring the development of French Space Law in the governmental and parliamentary processes. In the framework of his academic work Mr Clerc is guest lecturer on Space Law, Policy and Strategy at technical schools for engineering as well as high level national and international universities.

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