Speaking of America Readings in U.S. History, Volume I: To 1877 (with CD-ROM)

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ISBN: 9780155063556 | 0155063553
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 12/22/2003

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SPEAKING OF AMERICA is a two-volume course reader that exposes a variety of sources on United States history, from the colonial era to the present day. The collection includes a wide array of primary documents, poems, short stories, song lyrics, monograph and article excerpts, and news accounts encompassing multicultural and regional perspectives. The selected readings address important episodes in politics, economics, and foreign policy as well as social and cultural changes. Both famous and ordinary Americans are featured.

Preface

xiii

Note to the Student

Acknowledgments

xix

Cultures Meet

(22)

Primary Sources

Christopher Columbus, Journal (1492)

(2)

Bartolome De Las Casas, Brief Account of the Devastation of the Indies (1542)

(4)

John Smith Describes the Founding of Jamestown (1607)

(3)

John Winthrop, Reasons for Emigrating to New England (1629)

(1)

William Bradford on Sickness Among the Natives (1633)

(2)

The Indians of the Six Nations to William & Mary College (1744)

(1)

Jesuit Comparison of French and Native Life (1657-1658)

(3)

Jesuit Observations on the ``Enslavement'' of Native American Women, (1610-1614)

(2)

Reverend John Heckewelder, Challenges European Stereotypes of Native American Gender Relations (1819)

(4)

Secondary Source

``Colonial America without the Indians: Counterfactual Reflections''

(1)

James Axtell

American Journey Online

(1)

Colonial Society

(37)

Primary Sources

The London Company Instructs the Governor in Virginia (1622)

(2)

The Experiences of an Indentured Servant in Virginia (1623)

(2)

Race, Gender and Servitude in Virginia Law (1661-1691)

(2)

Trial and Interrogation of Anne Hutchinson (1637)

(4)

The Causes and Results of King Philip's War (1675)

(3)

Edward Randolph

Captivity Narrative (1682)

(4)

Mary Rowlandson

The Examination and Confession of Ann Foster at Salem Village (1692)

(1)

Pennsylvania, The Poor Man's Paradise (1698)

(3)

A New Voyage to Carolina (1709)

(3)

John Lawson

Rev. Charles Woodmason on Religion in the Carolina Backcountry (1767-68)

(3)

Olaudah Equiano Recalls the Horrors of the Middle Passage (1756)

(3)

The African Slave Trade (1788)

(2)

Alexander Falconbridge

A Puritan Prescription for Marital Concord (1712)

(2)

``Lines on Childbirth'' (1741)

(3)

Jane Colman Turell

Secondary Source

``The Godly Family of Colonial Massachusetts''

(1)

Steven Mintz

Susan Kellogg

American Journey Online

(1)

The Spirit of Revolution

(40)

Primary Sources

Images of the Rise of a Consumer Society (1729-1750)

(3)

John Smibert, Dean Berkeley and His Entourage (The Bermuda Group)

(1)

Roy Blunt, Drayton Hall, Charleston, South Carolina

(1)

Leonard Battee, Queen Anne Highboy

(1)

``Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God'' (1741)

(2)

Jonathan Edwards

Mary Jemison Recalls Life Among the Senecas (1824)

(4)

Thomas Hutchinson Recounts the Mob Reaction to the Stamp Act in Boston (1765)

(2)

Benjamin Franklin: Testimony Against the Stamp Act (1766)

(4)

``The Female Patriots: Address'd to the Daughters of Liberty in America'' (1768)

(1)

Milcah Martha Moore

Captain Thomas Preston's Account of the Boston Massacre (1770)

(2)

The Bloody Massacre (1770 image)

(2)

Paul Revere

``The Rights of the Colonists'' (1772)

(2)

Samuel Adams

``Plain English,'' Reign of King Mob (1775)

(2)

Introduction to Common Sense (1776)

(2)

Thomas Paine

A Speech Against Independence (1776)

(3)

John Dickinson

Joseph Brant Pledges Mohawk Loyalty to Britain (1776)

(2)

Abigail and John Adams on Women's Rights (1776)

(2)

James Thacher Describes the Battle of Trenton (1777)

(2)

An Act for the Gradual Abolition of Slavery (1780)

(5)

Secondary Source

``The Radicalism of the American Revolution''

(1)

Gordon S. Wood

American Journey Online

(2)

We the People

100

(44)

Primary Sources

Thomas Jefferson Calls for Religious Freedom in Virginia (1786)

101

(3)

The Northwest Ordinance (1787)

104

(3)

General Benjamin Lincoln Recalls Shays's Rebellion (1786)

107

(2)

Federalist Number 10 (1788)

109

(4)

James Madison

Speech to the Virginia Ratifying Convention (1788)

113

(4)

Patrick Henry

The Bill of Rights (1791)

117

(2)

Thomas Jefferson on Slavery and Race (1781-1787)

119

(4)

Benjamin Banneker to Thomas Jefferson (1791)

123

(2)

``On the Equality of the Sexes'' (1790)

125

(3)

Judith Sargent Murray

Report on Manufactures (1791)

128

(6)

Alexander Hamilton

George Washington's ``Farewell Address'' (1796)

134

(2)

A Republican Broadside (1796)

136

(2)

The Virginia Resolutions (1798)

138

(6)

James Madison

Secondary Source

Republican Ideology and the Triumph of the Constitution, 1789 to 1793

141

(1)

Lance Banning

American Journey Online

141

(3)

A New Nation

144

(46)

Primary Sources

Solomon on Gabriel's Rebellion (1800)

145

(2)

First Inaugural Address (1801)

147

(4)

Thomas Jefferson

Thomas Jefferson Instructs Robert Livingston (1802)

151

(2)

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

153

(6)

John Marshall

Lewis and Clark Reach the Pacific Ocean (1805)

159

(2)

Lessons from a New England Primer (1807)

161

(1)

Images of American Indians

162

(2)

Murder of Jane McCrea (1804)

163

(1)

John Vanderlyn

Young Omahaw, War Eagle, Little Missouri, and Pawnees (1821)

164

(1)

Charles Bird King

Tecumseh's Plea to the Choctaws and the Chickasaws (1811)

164

(3)

The Niles Weekly Register Pushes for War (1812)

167

(3)

Report and Resolutions of the Hartford Convention (1815)

170

(2)

John Luttig Describes the Western Fur Trade (1812)

172

(5)

James Flint Recalls the Panic of 1819 (1822)

177

(2)

James Tallmadge Denounces Slavery in Missouri (1819)

179

(3)

The Monroe Doctrine (1823)

182

(1)

Henry Clay Calls for Economic Development (1824)

183

(7)

Secondary Source

Dueling as Politics: Reinterpreting the Burr-Hamilton Duel

187

(1)

Joanne B. Freeman

American Journey Online

188

(2)

Antebellum Politics and Reform

190

(31)

Primary Sources

Margaret Bayard Smith on Andrew Jackson's Inaugural (1829)

190

(2)

Advice to Politicians (1833)

192

(2)

Davy Crockett

County Election (1852 image)

194

(1)

George Caleb Bingham

The Cherokees Resist Removal (1830)

195

(2)

Andrew Jackson's Second Annual Message to Congress (1830)

197

(2)

South Carolina Exposition and Protest (1828)

199

(2)

John C. Calhoun

Daniel Webster's Second Reply to Robert Y. Hayne (1830)

201

(2)

Bishop McIlvaine Decries the Curse of Intemperance (undated)

203

(1)

Dorothea Dix Calls for Humane Treatment of the Mentally Ill (1843)

204

(2)

Horace Mann on Educational Reform (1840)

206

(2)

Women Workers Protest ``Lowell Wage Slavery'' (1847)

208

(2)

``Appeal to the Coloured Citizens of the World'' (1829)

210

(3)

David Walker

William Lloyd Garrison on Slavery (1831)

213

(1)

Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Declaration of Sentiments (1848)

214

(7)

Secondary Source

``Mobilizing Women, Anticipating Abolition: The Struggle against Indian Removal in the 1830s''

217

(1)

Mary Hershberger

American Journey Online

218

(3)

Social and Cultural Change, 1820-1865

221

(32)

Primary Sources

Joshua and Sally Wilson Letters to George Wilson (1823)

221

(2)

Catherine Beecher on Domestic Economy (1841)

223

(4)

Henry Clarke Wright on Marriage and Parentage (1858)

227

(1)

``A Muscular Christian'' (1830)

228

(2)

Peter Cartwright

The Wentworth Letter (1842)

230

(3)

Joseph Smith

Domestic Manners of the Americans (1831)

233

(2)

Frances Trollope

Democracy in America (1835)

235

(3)

Alexis de Tocqueville

The Wonders of Phrenology Revealed (1841)

238

(1)

Letter from Brook Farm (1841)

239

(1)

Nathaniel Hawthorne

John Humphrey Noyes on Free Love at Oneida (1865)

240

(2)

``Jim Crow,'' A Minstrel Song (undated)

242

(2)

``Song of Myself'' (1855)

244

(3)

Walt Whitman

Pat Lyon at the Forge (1826-1827 image)

247

(2)

John Neagle

View of Schroon Mountain, Essex County, New York, After a Storm (1840 image)

249

(4)

Thomas Cole

Secondary Source

``William Shakespeare and the American People: A Study in Cultural Transformation''

250

(1)

Lawrence W. Levine

American Journey Online

251

(2)

Slavery and the Old South

253

(31)

Primary Sources

Anne Newport Royall Describes the Alabama Frontier (1821)

253

(3)

Life in the Pine Woods (1831)

256

(1)

Managing the Butler Estate (1828)

257

(4)

Fanny Kemble Describes Plantation Slavery (1863)

261

(2)

Religion as Social Control: A Catechism for Slaves (1854)

263

(2)

George Fitzhugh Defends Southern Society (1854)

265

(1)

``The Southern Yeomen'' (1860)

266

(2)

Daniel R. Hundley

Nat Turner's ``Confession'' (1831)

268

(4)

Frederick Douglass on Slavery (1845)

272

(2)

Uncle Ben on the Discipline of Slaves (1910)

274

(1)

Slave Music and Resistance

275

(2)

Benjamin Drew, Narratives of Escaped Slaves (1855)

277

(2)

Images of Slavery

279

(5)

A Slave Auction in Virginia (1861)

280

(1)

Five Generations on Smith's Plantation, Beaufort, South Carolina

280

(1)

Household Servant with White Child, circa 1860

281

(1)

Untitled Image of Whipping Scars (1863)

281

(1)

Secondary Source

``Distress and Discord in Virginia Slave Families, 1830-1860''

282

(1)

Brenda Stevenson

American Journey Online

282

(2)

Moving Westward

284

(29)

Primary Sources

Sharitarish on Indian Life (1822)

284

(3)

On the Coast of California (1835)

287

(3)

Richard Henry Dana

General Manuel de Mier y Teran on Texas (1828)

290

(3)

Letter from the Alamo (1836)

293

(1)

William Barret Travis

``Annexation'' (1845)

294

(3)

John O'Sullivan

Thomas Corwin Opposes the Mexican War (1847)

297

(2)

Jose Fernando Ramirez Describes the U.S. Occupation of Mexico City (1847)

299

(2)

``Civil Disobedience'' (1849)

301

(2)

Henry David Thoreau

Elizabeth Dixon Smith Greer Describes Life on the Frontier (1847-1850)

303

(3)

A Forty-Niner (1849-1850)

306

(7)

Alonzo Delano

Secondary Source

``'My Own Private Life' Toward a History of Desire in Gold Rush California''

309

(1)

Susan Lee Johnson

American Journey Online

309

(4)

A House Divided

313

(31)

Primary Sources

Proposal to Preserve the Union (1850)

314

(2)

John C. Calhoun

``Higher Law'' Speech (1850)

316

(3)

William H Seward

Uncle Tom's Cabin (1852)

319

(2)

Harriet Beecher Stowe

The Know-Nothing Party Platform

321

(2)

Charles Sumner on ``Bleeding Kansas'' (1856)

323

(2)

Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)

325

(3)

Hinton Rowan Helper, The Impending Crisis (1857)

328

(4)

The Lincoln-Douglas Debates (1858)

332

(4)

John Brown and His Critics (1859)

336

(8)

Secondary Source

``Free Labor and Free Slavery''

339

(1)

Eric Foner

American Journey Online

340

(4)

The Civil War

344

(38)

Primary Sources

John Smith Preston Advocates Secession (1861)

344

(4)

Slavery and the Union (1862)

348

(2)

Horace Greeley

Abraham Lincoln

Jefferson Davis Responds to the Emancipation Proclamation'' (1863)

350

(2)

Medical Life at the Battlefield (1862)

352

(3)

Clara Barton

Letter from Fredericksburg (1862)

355

(3)

Tally Simpson

On the Firing Line (1863)

358

(2)

Corporal James Kendall Hosmer

Anna Elizabeth Dickinson Describes the New York Draft Riots (1863)

360

(3)

Letter to President Lincoln (1863)

363

(2)

James Henry Gooding

``The Gettysburg Address'' (1863)

365

(1)

Abraham Lincoln

Mary Boykin Chesnut Describes Richmond at War (1863-1864)

366

(4)

Robert E. Lee on the Use of Slaves as Soldiers (1865)

370

(3)

Second Inaugural Address (1865)

373

(9)

Abraham Lincoln

Secondary Source

``We Were in Earnest''

375

(1)

James McPherson

American Journey Online

376

(6)

Reconstruction

382

(28)

Primary Sources

African Americans and the Impact of Freedom

383

(4)

Letter from Willie Ann Grey

384

(1)

Testimony of Mingo White

385

(1)

Testimony of Charles Davenport

386

(1)

A Northern Teacher's View of the Freedmen (1863-1865)

387

(2)

Elizabeth Hyde Botume

The Louisiana Black Code (1865)

389

(2)

African Americans Seek Protection (1865)

391

(2)

Thaddeus Stevens Attacks Presidential Reconstruction (1865)

393

(2)

President Andrew Johnson Opposes Black Suffrage (1867)

395

(2)

A White Planter Responds to Emancipation (1866)

397

(2)

``A White Southern Perspective on Reconstruction'' (1868)

399

(3)

Howell Cobb

Equal Rights Association Proceedings (1869)

402

(2)

Susan B. Anthony on Women's Rights (1873)

404

(2)

Ku Klux Klan During Reconstruction (1872)

406

(4)

Secondary Source

``Every `True-Hearted' Southerner: Oaths and Southern Identity During Reconstruction''

409

(1)

Anne Sarah Rubin

American Journey Online

410

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Speaking of America Readings in U.S. History, Volume I: To 1877 (with CD-ROM)

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials