Spectroscopy Of Pharmaceutical Solids

Drawing examples from the recent literature, this reference studies the underlying principles and physics of a wide range of spectroscopic techniques utilized in the pharmaceutical sciences and demonstrates various applications for each method analyzed in the text--showing how knowledge of the origin of spectroscopic phenomena may facilitate more advanced technologies in the field.

Preface

iii

Contributors

ix

Part I. Introduction to Spectroscopy

1. Electromagnetic Radiation and Spectroscopy

1

(32)

Harry G. Brittain

Nature of Electromagnetic Radiation

1

(2)

Classical Description of Electromagnetic Radiation

3

(5)

The Quantum Theory of Electromagnetic Radiation

8

(4)

Ionization and Excitation of Atoms

12

(5)

Development of the Quantum Theory

17

(11)

Overview of Spectroscopy

28

(2)

Summary

30

(1)

References

31

(2)

Part II. Core Electron Spectroscopy

2. Core Electron States and X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy

33

(34)

Harry G. Brittain

Wave Mechanical Description of the Hydrogen Atom

33

(20)

X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy

53

(11)

References

64

(3)

3. X-Ray Photoelectron and X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy

67

(24)

Harry G. Brittain

X-Ray Emission Spectroscopies

67

(2)

X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

69

(8)

X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy

77

(10)

References

87

(4)

Part III. Valence Electron Spectroscopy

4. Molecular Orbital Theory and the Electronic Structure of Molecules

91

(30)

Harry G. Brittain

Molecular Orbital (MO) Theory of Organic Molecules

91

(2)

LCAO-MO Theory

93

(4)

LCAO-MO Theory and the Spectroscopy of Diatomic Molecules

97

(7)

MO Theory and the Spectroscopy of Polyatomic Molecules

104

(8)

General Features of the Absorption Spectroscopy of Organic Molecules

112

(7)

References

119

(2)

5. UV/VIS Reflectance Spectroscopy

121

(30)

Harry G. Brittain

Introduction

121

(1)

Categories of Light Reflectance

122

(2)

Theory Associated with Diffuse Reflectance Measurements

124

(3)

Instrumentation for the Measurement of Diffuse Reflectance

127

(2)

Quantitative Measurement of Color

129

(5)

Applications of UV/VIS Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy to the Study of Solids Having Pharmaceutical Interest

134

(7)

Use of Adsorbed Indicators for the Evaluation of Surface Acidity and Basicity

141

(6)

Summary

147

(1)

References

147

(4)

6. Luminescence Spectroscopy

151

(54)

Harry G. Brittain

Introduction

151

(1)

Photophysical Processes in Isolated Organic Molecules

152

(5)

Photophysical Processes Associated with Interacting Molecules

157

(13)

Instrumentation for the Measurement of Luminescence Spectra

170

(8)

Photoluminescence and the Structure of Organic Molecules

178

(1)

Studies of Luminescence in the Crystalline State

179

(5)

Photoluminescence from Molecules Adsorbed on Surfaces

184

(14)

References

198

(7)

Part IV. Vibrational Level Spectroscopy

7. Molecular Motion and Vibrational Spectroscopy

205

(30)

Harry G. Brittain

Introduction

205

(1)

Motion of Nuclei in Molecules

206

(4)

Rotation and Vibration in Diatomic Molecules

210

(3)

Vibrational Energy Levels and Spectroscopy of Diatomic Molecules

213

(6)

Vibrational Energy Levels and Spectroscopy of the Fundamental Transitions of Polyatomic Molecules

219

(8)

Spectroscopy of Transitions Associated with Overtones and Combinations of Fundamental Vibrational Modes

227

(4)

Summary

231

(1)

References

232

(3)

8. Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy

235

(36)

David E. Bugay and Harry G. Brittain

Introduction

235

(1)

Some Fundamental Principles of IR Absorption Spectroscopy

236

(3)

Instrumentation for the 'Measurement of IR Spectra in the Solid State

239

(7)

Applications of IR Spectroscopy to Areas of Pharmaceutical Interest

246

(19)

References

265

(6)

9. Raman Spectroscopy

271

(42)

David E. Bugay and Harry G. Brittain

Introduction

271

(1)

Some Fundamental Principles of the Raman Effect

272

(6)

Instrumentation for Measurement of Raman

Spectra in the Solid State

278

(5)

Group Frequency Correlations in Raman Spectroscopy and Effects of the Solid State

283

(3)

Applications of Raman Spectroscopy to Areas of Pharmaceutical Interest

286

(23)

References

309

(4)

10. Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

313

(100)

Robert P. Cogdill and James K. Drennen, III

Introduction

313

(2)

Fundamental Principles

315

(29)

Practice of NIR Spectroscopy

344

(45)

Applications in Pharmaceutical Solids Analysis

389

(17)

References

406

(7)

Part V. Nuclear Spin Level Spectroscopy

11. Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometry

413

(146)

Ales Medek

Fundamental Principles of NMR

413

(7)

SSNMR of Powder Solids

420

(7)

Pharmaceutically Relevant Applications of SSNMR

427

(111)

References

538

(21)

Index

559

What is included with this book?

The New copy of this book will include any supplemental materials advertised. Please check the title of the book to determine if it should include any access cards, study guides, lab manuals, CDs, etc.

The Used, Rental and eBook copies of this book are not guaranteed to include any supplemental materials. Typically, only the book itself is included. This is true even if the title states it includes any access cards, study guides, lab manuals, CDs, etc.

FREE SHIPPING

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

Spectroscopy Of Pharmaceutical Solids

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials