Spoilsports

Spoilsportsoffers the first systematic theory of sexual explotation and abuse within sport. This is an invaluable resource for both academics and policy makers seeking to understand and deal with issues of sexual explotation in sport.

List of figures

xi

List of tables

xii

List of acronyms

xiii

Series editors' preface

xiv

Foreword-Professor Kari Fasting, Norwegian University of Sport and PE

xv

Acknowledgements

xvi

PART I Context and scope

1

(78)

Introduction

3

(7)

Lifting the lid: children's rights and moral panics

10

(15)

Children's rights: a focus for concerns about sexual exploitation

12

(3)

The origins of sexual exploitation as an issue in sport

15

(4)

Moral panic: the emergence of a social problem

19

(5)

Conclusions

24

(1)

Mind your language: terms and definitions

25

(19)

Coaches or authority figures?

26

(1)

Male or female abusers?

26

(1)

Victims or survivors?

27

(1)

Child or adult athletes?

27

(1)

Terms of abuse

28

(6)

Paedophile or rapist?

34

(1)

Grooming

35

(3)

Consent and culpability

38

(2)

Sexual exploitation and sexual violence

40

(2)

Conclusions

42

(2)

Knowing our limits: stakeholder research

44

(35)

Origins of research on sexual exploitation in sport

45

(4)

Research limitations

49

(4)

Athletes

53

(15)

Coaches and authority figures

68

(2)

Parents, carers and families

70

(4)

Sport organisations

74

(2)

Sport scientists

76

(1)

The media

77

(1)

Conclusions

77

(2)

PART II Theory and understanding

79

(82)

Masculinity: resisting the power and the glory

81

(19)

Conceptions of power

82

(3)

The heterosexual imperative

85

(1)

Sexual exploitation and masculinity

86

(3)

Female abusers

89

(2)

Sexualised subworlds

91

(2)

Sport as an exploitative family system

93

(2)

Resisting control

95

(4)

Conclusions

99

(1)

Making sense: theorising and model making

100

(27)

Sources of theoretical ideas

100

(3)

A Four Factor Model of Sexual abuse

103

(2)

A cycle of sexual offending

105

(2)

The paedophile and the predator

107

(6)

Risk factors for sexual exploitation in sport

113

(3)

Stage of imminent achievement

116

(2)

A temporal and developmental model of sexual exploitation

118

(7)

Conclusions

125

(2)

Contingent risks: in search of narrative

127

(21)

Criminal careers and coaching narratives

128

(4)

Propositions about coaching careers and sexual exploitation in sport

132

(3)

The contingent nature of sexual exploitation

135

(1)

A contingency model of sexual exploitation in sport

136

(10)

Wider applications of the contingency model

146

(1)

Conclusions

146

(2)

Time out: managing research and managing myself

148

(13)

Situating myself and others

149

(3)

Managing myself

152

(7)

Maintaining focus

159

(1)

Conclusions

160

(1)

PART III Policy and prevention

161

(64)

Hearsay and heresy: official responses

163

(24)

Accountability and responses of voluntary organisations

164

(2)

Locating responsibility

166

(4)

State responses

170

(2)

Personal responses and whistle-blowing

172

(2)

Discourses of intervention

174

(8)

Backlash or breakthrough?

182

(3)

Conclusions

185

(2)

Quality protects: making policy

187

(16)

Frameworks for preventing sexual exploitation in sport

189

(5)

Policy areas

194

(7)

Conclusions

201

(2)

Making policy work: the art of the possible

203

(22)

Recognition and referral

205

(1)

Criminal record checks

205

(1)

Unproven and false allegations

206

(3)

Intimate relationships and maintaining safe boundaries

209

(1)

Venues and meeting places

210

(1)

Touching

210

(1)

Language

211

(1)

Parental involvement

211

(2)

An open club environment

213

(1)

Registers of coaches

214

(1)

External links and use of experts

214

(1)

Support for the victim and the accused

214

(1)

Telephone helplines

215

(1)

Monitoring and evaluation

216

(3)

Education and training

219

(1)

Advocacy and international initiatives

220

(3)

Handling the media

223

(1)

Conclusions

223

(2)

PART IV Conclusions and challenges

225

(19)

Who cares wins: transforming leadership in sport

227

(9)

Sexual exploitation as a symptom of failed leadership in sport

227

(3)

Autonomy and the ethic of care

230

(2)

Alternative leadership approaches

232

(1)

Swedish golf

233

(2)

Conclusions

235

(1)

Hope or hopelessness?: the values of sport

236

(8)

Challenges to sport organisations

237

(2)

Challenges to sports researchers

239

(1)

Reflections and limitations

240

(1)

The end of the beginning

241

(3)

Appendix 1 Useful web sites

244

(5)

Appendix 2 Practical resources

249

(3)

Bibliography

252

(21)

Index

273

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