Sporting Equality: Title IX Thirty Years Later

As part of its Education Amendments, the United States Congress passed Title IX in 1972 to ensure that no person should be discriminated against in any education program or activity receiving federal financial assistance. In the decades since, Title IX has had, among other effects, a marked increase on school athletic programs for women and girls at both the high school and college level. Despite this, questions have been raised about the effectiveness of the federal government’s enforcement, and also the impact on male athletics. Sporting Equality reviews the impact of Title IX thirty years after its passage, and suggests future areas of contention.