Student's Guide to History

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ISBN: 9780312084325 | 0312084323
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 2/1/1994

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Summary

Supplemental Materials

Whether you are taking your first college-level history course or are majoring in history, this best-selling guide provides tools that will help you to improve your performance:

Preface	p. v
A Note to Students	p. xvii
The Subject of History and How to Use It	p. 1
What History Can Tell You	p. 1
What Historians Are Trying to Do	p. 3
History and the Everyday World	p. 4
How Historians Work	p. 4
Philosophies of History	p. 5
Historiography	p. 6
Changing Directions of Historical Research	p. 8
Methods of Historical Research	p. 9
Primary and Secondary Sources of Evidence	p. 10
Interpreting and Organizing Evidence	p. 16
The Computer and Historical Research	p. 16
How You Can Use History	p. 17
How to Read a History Assignment, Take Notes in Class, and Prepare for and Take Exams	p. 19
How to Read a History Assignment	p. 19
Reading a Textbook	p. 20
Reading a Monograph	p. 20
Reading an Anthology	p. 22
Reading a Historical Novel	p. 22
Examples of Reading Assignments	p. 22
How to "Read" Nonwritten Materials	p. 25
Interpreting Maps	p. 26
Analyzing Statistical Data	p. 28
Interpreting Illustrations, Photographs, and Other Visual Material	p. 31
Interpreting Artifacts	p. 34
How to Take Notes in Class	p. 37
From Class Lectures	p. 37
Guidelines for Taking Lecture Notes	p. 38
Examples of Note Taking	p. 38
From Slides and Films	p. 42
Taking Notes in a "Wired" Classroom	p. 42
Classroom Participation	p. 43
Classroom Discussions	p. 43
Guidelines for Speaking in Class	p. 43
Giving an Oral Presentation	p. 43
Guidelines for Giving an Oral Presentation	p. 44
Giving a PowerPoint Presentation	p. 44
Group Work	p. 45
Guidelines for Peer Reviewing	p. 46
Communicating Online	p. 46
E-mail, Listservs, and Chat Rooms	p. 47
E-conferences and E-seminars	p. 48
Web Communication and Advanced Research	p. 48
How to Study for and Take Exams	p. 49
Objective and Short-Answer Exams	p. 50
Preparing for In-Class Essay Exams - Composing Sample Questions	p. 51
Writing a Good In-Class Essay Exam	p. 52
Guidelines for Writing In-Class Essay Exams	p. 52
Writing Take-Home Essay Exams	p. 53
How to Write History Assignments: The Importance of Writing Skills	p. 57
Why Clear Writing Is Important	p. 57
The Components of Clear Writing	p. 58
Write Clear Sentences	p. 58
Do Not Clutter Sentences with Unnecessary Phrases	p. 58
Avoid Using the Passive Voice	p. 59
Use the Past Tense	p. 59
Link Your Sentences	p. 60
Write Clear and Coherent Paragraphs	p. 60
Link Your Paragraphs	p. 61
Guidelines for Clear Writing	p. 62
Building an Essay	p. 62
The Need for a Clear Beginning	p. 63
Creating a Writing Outline	p. 64
The Importance of Continuity	p. 64
Writing a Conclusion	p. 65
Revising Your Paper	p. 65
Proofreading Your Paper	p. 66
Preparing Specific Writing Assignments	p. 67
Writing Book Reviews	p. 67
Sample Book Review	p. 68
Guidelines for Writing a Book Review	p. 71
Writing Comparative Book Reviews	p. 71
Comparing Essays or Articles	p. 72
Comparing Primary Documents	p. 72
Writing Short Essays	p. 73
Guidelines for Writing Short Essays	p. 74
A Note on Plagiarism: A Serious Offense	p. 75
How to Research a History Topic	p. 77
Beginning the Research Process	p. 78
Choosing a Topic	p. 78
Moving from a Topic to a Theme	p. 78
Narrowing Your Theme	p. 79
Moving from a Theme to a Thesis	p. 80
Making an Argument in Support of Your Thesis	p. 81
Creating a Preliminary Research Plan	p. 81
Creating a Research Bibliography	p. 83
Conducting Research	p. 84
Using the Library Online Catalog to Locate Resources	p. 84
Using Print and Electronic Reference Sources	p. 88
Using Print and Electronic Periodical Databases	p. 89
Guidelines for Finding an Article in a Periodical Database	p. 90
Locating Primary Sources	p. 92
Using Internet Search Tools	p. 95
Guidelines for Conducting Internet Searches	p. 97
Evaluating Web Sites	p. 97
Guidelines for Evaluating Web Sites	p. 99
Navigating Web Sites	p. 99
Evaluating Sources	p. 100
Evaluating Secondary Sources	p. 101
Guidelines for Evaluating Secondary Sources	p. 102
Evaluating Primary Sources	p. 103
Special Problems of Evaluating Web-Based Sources	p. 105
Guidelines for Evaluating Web Sources	p. 106
Interpreting Sources and Taking Notes	p. 107
How to Read Your Sources	p. 107
How to Record Information from Your Sources	p. 108
How to Organize Your Notes	p. 110
Avoiding Plagiarism	p. 115
The Computer and Plagiarism	p. 116
The Art of Paraphrasing	p. 116
Plagiarism and Group Work	p. 117
Guidelines for Avoiding Plagiarism	p. 118
How to Write a Research Paper	p. 119
Preparing to Write	p. 119
Why Your Paper Needs a Thesis	p. 119
Organizing Your Paper	p. 120
Preparing a Writing Outline	p. 120
Plugging Your Research Notes into Your Outline	p. 124
Writing the Text	p. 125
The Rough Draft	p. 125
Clear Writing: A Matter of Continuity	p. 126
Quotations: When and How to Use Them	p. 127
Incorporating Visual Materials into Your Paper	p. 129
Guidelines for Incorporating Visuals	p. 130
Documenting Your Paper: Citing Your Sources	p. 130
When and How to Use Footnotes and Endnotes	p. 130
Directory to Footnote/Endnote Documentation Models	p. 132
How to Write Footnotes and Endnotes	p. 133
Directory to Bibliography Documentation Models	p. 146
Organizing a Bibliography	p. 147
Revising and Rewriting	p. 158
Guidelines for Revising and Rewriting	p. 159
Word Processing: Advantages and Dangers	p. 160
Example of a Research Paper	p. 161
How the Theme and Thesis Were Chosen	p. 162
The Writing Outline for the Thesis	p. 162
Turning Research into Writing: A Sample Research Paper -"Wage Slavery or True Independence: Women Workers in the Lowell, Massachusetts, Textile Mills, 1820-1850"	p. 164
Resources for History Research	p. 185
Dictionaries, Encyclopedias, and Atlases	p. 186
Historical Dictionaries-World	p. 187
Historical Dictionaries-United States	p. 188
Historical Encyclopedias-World	p. 188
Historical Encyclopedias-Europe	p. 189
Historical Encyclopedias-United States	p. 190
Historical Atlases-World	p. 190
Historical Atlases-United States	p. 191
Biography Collections	p. 191
International Biography Collections	p. 192
United States Biography Collections	p. 192
Newspaper Indexes and Databases	p. 193
Newspaper Indexes and Databases-General	p. 194
Newspaper Indexes and Databases-United States	p. 194
Periodical Indexes and Databases	p. 195
Magazine Indexes and Databases	p. 195
Journal Indexes and Databases	p. 196
Book Review Indexes and Databases	p. 197
Public Documents	p. 197
Public Documents-Britain and Canada	p. 198
Public Documents-United States	p. 198
Historical Statistics	p. 199
Historical Statistics-General	p. 200
Historical Statistics-National and Regional	p. 200
Historical Statistics-United States	p. 201
General Resources in World History	p. 202
Reference Works and Bibliographies	p. 202
Web Sites	p. 203
Specialized Resources in World History	p. 204
Ancient History	p. 205
Europe-General	p. 206
Europe-Medieval	p. 207
Europe-Early Modern	p. 208
Europe-Modern	p. 208
Britain	p. 210
Ireland and Scotland	p. 213
East Europe	p. 214
Russia and the Soviet Union	p. 215
Africa	p. 215
Middle East and North Africa	p. 216
Asia	p. 217
Australia and New Zealand	p. 220
Latin America and the Caribbean	p. 220
Canada	p. 221
General Resources in United States History	p. 223
Reference Works and Bibliographies	p. 223
Web Sites	p. 224
Specialized Resources in United States History	p. 225
Regional, State, and Local	p. 226
Colonial, Revolutionary, and Early National, 1607-1800	p. 227
Native American	p. 228
Slavery and the Civil War	p. 229
African American	p. 231
Women's	p. 232
Immigrant and Ethnic	p. 233
Social and Cultural	p. 234
Political	p. 237
Foreign Relations and International	p. 239
Science, Technology, Environment, and Medicine	p. 240
Labor, Business, Economic, and Urban	p. 241
Religious	p. 242
Military	p. 242
Electronic Discussion Lists in History	p. 243
Historical Sources in Your Own Backyard	p. 245
How to Research Your Family History	p. 246
Sources for County and Local History	p. 247
Sources for Family History and Genealogical Research	p. 248
Glossary	p. 250
Index	p. 257
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Student's Guide to History

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials