The Ten Books on Architecture

The most important book ever written on architecture. Early Roman aesthetics, technology, classical orders, site selection, all other aspects. Morgan translation.

BOOK I

3

(32)

PREFACE

3

(2)

THE EDUCATION OF THE ARCHITECT

5

(8)

THE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF ARCHITECTURE

13

(3)

THE DEPARTMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE

16

(1)

THE SITE OF A CITY

17

(4)

THE CITY WALLS

21

(3)

THE DIRECTIONS OF THE STREETS; WITH REMARKS ON THE WINDS

24

(7)

THE SITES FOR PUBLIC BUILDINGS

31

(4)

BOOK II

35

(34)

INTRODUCTION

35

(3)

THE ORIGIN OF THE DWELLING HOUSE

38

(4)

ON THE PRIMORDIAL SUBSTANCE ACCORDING TO THE PHYSICISTS

42

(1)

BRICK

42

(2)

SAND

44

(1)

LIME

45

(1)

POZZOLANA

46

(3)

STONE

49

(2)

METHODS OF BUILDING WALLS

51

(7)

TIMBER

58

(6)

HIGHLAND AND LOWLAND FIR

64

(5)

BOOK III

69

(32)

INTRODUCTION

69

(3)

ON SYMMETRY: IN TEMPLES AND IN THE HUMAN BODY

72

(3)

CLASSIFICATION OF TEMPLES

75

(3)

THE PROPORTIONS OF INTERCOLUMNIATIONS AND OF COLUMNS

78

(8)

THE FOUNDATIONS AND SUBSTRUCTURES OF TEMPLES

86

(4)

PROPORTIONS OF THE BASE, CAPITALS, AND ENTABLATURE IN THE IONIC ORDER

90

(11)

BOOK IV

101

(28)

INTRODUCTION

101

(1)

THE ORIGINS OF THE THREE ORDERS, AND THE PROPORTIONS OF THE CORINTHIAN CAPITAL

102

(5)

THE ORNAMENTS OF THE ORDERS

107

(2)

PROPORTIONS OF DORIC TEMPLES

109

(5)

THE CELLA AND PRONAOS

114

(2)

HOW THE TEMPLE SHOULD FACE

116

(1)

THE DOORWAYS OF TEMPLES

117

(3)

TUSCAN TEMPLES

120

(2)

CIRCULAR TEMPLES AND OTHER VARIETIES

122

(3)

ALTARS

125

(4)

BOOK V

129

(38)

INTRODUCTION

129

(2)

THE FORUM AND BASILICA

131

(6)

THE TREASURY, PRISON, AND SENATE HOUSE

137

(1)

THE THEATRE: ITS SITE, FOUNDATIONS, AND ACOUSTICS

137

(2)

HARMONICS

139

(4)

SOUNDING VESSELS IN THE THEATRE

143

(3)

PLAN OF THE THEATRE

146

(5)

GREEK THEATRES

151

(2)

ACOUSTICS OF THE SITE OF A THEATRE

153

(1)

COLONNADES AND WALKS

154

(3)

BATHS

157

(2)

THE PALAESTRA

159

(3)

HARBOURS, BREAKWATERS, AND SHIPYARDS

162

(5)

BOOK VI

167

(28)

INTRODUCTION

167

(3)

ON CLIMATE AS DETERMINING THE STYLE OF THE HOUSE

170

(4)

SYMMETRY, AND MODIFICATIONS IN IT TO SUIT THE SITE

174

(2)

PROPORTIONS OF THE PRINCIPAL ROOMS

176

(4)

THE PROPER EXPOSURES OF THE DIFFERENT ROOMS

180

(1)

HOW THE ROOMS SHOULD BE SUITED TO THE STATION OF THE OWNER

181

(2)

THE FARMHOUSE

183

(2)

THE GREEK HOUSE

185

(4)

ON FOUNDATIONS AND SUBSTRUCTURES

189

(6)

BOOK VII

195

(30)

INTRODUCTION

195

(7)

FLOORS

202

(2)

THE SLAKING OF LIME FOR STUCCO

204

(1)

VAULTINGS AND STUCCO WORK

205

(3)

ON STUCCO WORK IN DAMP PLACES, AND ON THE DECORATION OF DINING ROOMS

208

(2)

THE DECADENCE OF FRESCO PAINTING

210

(3)

MARBLE FOR USE IN STUCCO

213

(1)

NATURAL COLOURS

214

(1)

CINNABAR AND QUICKSILVER

215

(1)

CINNABAR (continued)

216

(1)

ARTIFICIAL COLOURS. BLACK

217

(1)

BLUE. BURNT OCHRE

218

(1)

WHITE LEAD, VERDIGRIS, AND ARTIFICIAL SANDARACH

219

(1)

PURPLE

219

(1)

SUBSTITUTES FOR PURPLE, YELLOW OCHRE, MALACHITE GREEN, AND INDIGO

220

(5)

BOOK VIII

225

(26)

INTRODUCTION

225

(2)

HOW TO FIND WATER

227

(2)

RAINWATER

229

(3)

VARIOUS PROPERTIES OF DIFFERENT WATERS

232

(10)

TESTS OF GOOD WATER

242

(1)

LEVELLING AND LEVELLING INSTRUMENTS

242

(2)

AQUEDUCTS, WELLS, AND CISTERNS

244

(7)

BOOK IX

251

(30)

INTRODUCTION

251

(6)

THE ZODIAC AND THE PLANETS

257

(5)

THE PHASES OF THE MOON

262

(2)

THE COURSE OF THE SUN THROUGH THE TWELVE SIGNS

264

(1)

THE NORTHERN CONSTELLATIONS

265

(2)

THE SOUTHERN CONSTELLATIONS

267

(2)

ASTROLOGY AND WEATHER PROGNOSTICS

269

(1)

THE ANALEMMA AND ITS APPLICATIONS

270

(3)

SUNDIALS AND WATER CLOCKS

273

(8)

BOOK X

281

(40)

INTRODUCTION

281

(2)

MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS

283

(2)

HOISTING MACHINES

285

(5)

THE ELEMENTS OF MOTION

290

(3)

ENGINES FOR RAISING WATER

293

(1)

WATER WHEELS AND WATER MILLS

294

(1)

THE WATER SCREW

295

(2)

THE PUMP OF CTESIBIUS

297

(2)

THE WATER ORGAN

299

(2)

THE HODOMETER

301

(2)

CATAPULTS OR SCORPIONES

303

(2)

BALLISTAE

305

(3)

THE STRINGING AND TUNING OF CATAPULTS

308

(1)

SIEGE MACHINES

309

(2)

THE TORTOISE

311

(1)

HEGETOR'S TORTOISE

312

(3)

MEASURES OF DEFENCE

315

(5)

NOTE ON SCAMILLI IMPARES

320

(1)

INDEX

321

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The Ten Books on Architecture

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Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials