Theories of Democratic Network Governance

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ISBN: 9780230220362 | 0230220363
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 9/15/2008

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Theories of Democratic Network Governance aims to renew and refocus the theoretical debate on governance networks by posing a series of pressing questions: Why and how are governance networks formed, developed, reshaped and terminated? What are the conditions for governance networks to produce public policy and governance on the basis of stable, negotiated interaction between interdependent, but relative autonomous actors? How is it possible for political authorities of various kinds to regulate self-regulating governance networks in order to minimize the risk of governance failure and maximize the prospect of success? How can we assess the problems and merits of governance networks in relation to normative standards of democracy, and what is the result of such an assessment? The overall ambition of the book is to create a platform for the development of a second generation of research into the problems and potentials of new forms of interactive governance that tend to spread faster and wider than most academics have hitherto recognized. Book jacket.

List of Tables, Figures and Boxes	p. xi
Foreword	p. xii
Notes on Contributors	p. xiii
Introduction: Governance Network Research: Towards a Second Generation	p. 1
The rise of governance network research	p. 3
The aims of this book	p. 7
Defining governance networks	p. 8
Merits and problems of network governance	p. 11
First and second generation research	p. 14
Plan of the book	p. 20
Governance Network Dynamics
Theoretical Approaches to Governance Network Dynamics	p. 25
Introduction	p. 25
Historical institutionalism	p. 31
Rational choice institutionalism	p. 33
Social constructivist (or normative) institutionalism	p. 35
Poststructuralist institutionalism	p. 38
Similarities and differences	p. 41
The structure of Part I	p. 42
Mechanisms of Governance Network Formation - a Contextual Rational Choice Perspective	p. 43
Introduction	p. 43
Interpretation, rational choice and mechanisms	p. 45
Contextual mechanism: perceived interdependencies	p. 47
Actor calculation mechanism: preference for informal networks	p. 50
The game mechanism: the problem of continuous cooperation	p. 51
Collective actors and vertical games	p. 56
Summary and conclusion	p. 57
Virtuous and Vicious Circles in Democratic Network Governance	p. 61
Institutionalization and deinstitutionalization	p. 62
Factors associated with virtuous and vicious spirals	p. 65
Political factors	p. 66
Functional factors	p. 69
Social pressures	p. 70
Other factors in explaining success	p. 71
Characteristics of the members	p. 71
Operating environment	p. 73
Tasks	p. 74
Summary and conclusions	p. 74
Decentred Theory, Change and Network Governance	p. 77
Introduction	p. 77
Positivist approaches to network governance	p. 78
Decentring network governance	p. 80
The analysis of change in networks	p. 81
Managing change in networks	p. 83
Conclusions	p. 87
Governance Network Failure
Theoretical Approaches to Governance Network Failure	p. 95
Interdependency theory	p. 98
Governability theory	p. 102
Integration theory	p. 104
Governmentality theory	p. 106
Similarities and differences	p. 108
The structure of Part II	p. 110
Closure and Governance	p. 111
Introduction	p. 111
Governance networks: open, closed, or both?	p. 112
A systems theoretical contribution?	p. 113
Governance networks and types of social systems	p. 117
Two types of closure	p. 118
Three explanations for closure	p. 121
The relations between explanations for closure	p. 123
Governing closed networks?	p. 124
Governing veto power?	p. 125
Governing closed frames of reference?	p. 128
Governing closed policy communication systems?	p. 129
Some concluding remarks	p. 131
Consensus and Conflict in Policy Networks: Too Much or Too Little?	p. 133
Introduction	p. 133
Consensus and conflict: an exploration of two ambivalent concepts	p. 135
The first face of policy networks: a surplus of consensus	p. 138
The second face of policy networks: insufficient consensus	p. 143
The true face of policy networks and its implications for network governance	p. 147
Conclusion: managing the consensus-conflict dimension in network-settings	p. 151
Network Governance: Effective and Legitimate?	p. 153
Introduction	p. 153
Networks as governance	p. 154
The demand for effectiveness and legitimacy	p. 156
Effectiveness and legitimacy: a trade-off?	p. 163
Conclusion	p. 165
Metagovernance
Theoretical Approaches to Metagovernance	p. 169
Introduction	p. 169
Interdependency theory	p. 170
Governability theory	p. 172
Integration theory	p. 175
Governmentality theory	p. 178
Similarities and differences between the theories	p. 180
Where to go from here?	p. 181
Governing the Formation and Mobilization of Governance Networks	p. 183
Introduction	p. 183
Governmentality and advanced liberal government	p. 185
Mobilizing agency	p. 187
Governing through the formation of autonomy and interdependencies	p. 190
Governing the performance of networks	p. 194
Conclusion	p. 196
Meta-governance as Network Management	p. 199
Introduction: a network management perspective on meta-governance	p. 199
Process design and management: setting up and facilitating network interactions	p. 201
Institutional design: changing the network	p. 206
Good network management: skills and competencies	p. 211
Research challenges	p. 213
Governing Outputs and Outcomes of Governance Networks	p. 215
Framing the subject	p. 215
Two notions of meta-governance	p. 218
Meta-governance in action	p. 221
Possibilities for public authorities to shape network outputs and outcomes	p. 223
Meta-governance via policy formulation	p. 223
Assisting in the play of the game	p. 224
Linking and segmenting games	p. 225
Changing the game: active meta-governance by public authorities	p. 226
Conclusion	p. 228
Democratic Network Governance
Theoretical Approaches to Democratic Network Governance	p. 233
Introduction	p. 233
Governance networks and liberal democracy	p. 234
Governance networks and postliberal democracy	p. 236
Similarities and differences between the theories	p. 245
Where to go from here?	p. 246
Governance Networks and Participation	p. 247
The common good	p. 249
Learning democracy	p. 251
Equality	p. 254
Conclusion	p. 258
Networks and Democratic Ideals: Equality, Freedom, and Communication	p. 262
Applying the standard democratic principles to networks	p. 263
Beyond lingering statism in democratic theory	p. 264
Networks and the communicative aspect of democratic theory	p. 266
Who communicates	p. 268
Beyond models of democracy	p. 269
The contribution of governance networks to democracy	p. 271
Conclusion	p. 273
Democratic Accountability and Network Governance - Problems and Potentials	p. 274
Democratic network governance?	p. 274
Accountability as a democratic norm	p. 276
Accountability and inclusion	p. 278
First challenge: finding the holders and holdees	p. 282
Accountability and publicity	p. 284
Second challenge: sufficient publicity	p. 287
Accountability and responsiveness	p. 290
Third challenge: adequate responsiveness	p. 293
Conclusion	p. 295
The Second Generation of Governance Network Theory and Beyond	p. 297
Governance networks are here to stay	p. 297
A multi-theoretical approach to network governance	p. 299
Contributions to our understanding of governance networks	p. 303
Where next?	p. 310
Bibliography	p. 316
Index	p. 343
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Theories of Democratic Network Governance

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