Theories of Public Organization

1. Learning about Public Organizations. 2. The Intellectual Heritage: Marx, Weber, and Freud. 3. The Political Heritage: From Wilson to Waldo. 4. The Rational Model of Organization. 5. Organizational Humanism and the New Public Administration. 6. The Policy Emphasis and the New Public Management. 7. Public Administration and the New Public Service. 8. The Practitioner as Theorist.

PREFACE

IX

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

XIII

1 LEARNING ABOUT PUBLIC ORGANIZATIONS

1

(18)

The Acquisition of Knowledge 2

11

Formal Theories of Public Organization

9

(4)

Building Theories of Public Organization

Public Administration as a Profession

13

(1)

Focusing on Complex Organizations

14

(2)

Redefining the Field

16

(1)

Conclusion

17

(1)

References

18

(1)

2 THE INTELLECTUAL HERITAGE: MARX, WEBER, AND FREUD

19

(20)

Karl Marx

20

(1)

Transition to Socialism

21

(1)

Industrial Organization and Individual Development

22

(1)

Growth of Alienation

23

(2)

Max Weber

25

(1)

Rationalization of Social Theory, the Notion of the "Ideal Type"

26

(4)

Sigmund Freud

30

(5)

What Can We Learn?

35

(2)

Conclusion

37

(1)

References

37

(2)

3 THE POLITICAL HERITAGE: FROM WILSON TO WALDO

39

(28)

Beginnings of Public Administration Theory

40

(4)

Politics-Administration

44

(3)

The Lingering Influence of Politics-Administration

47

(2)

Adopting Business Management Techniques

49

(1)

Scientific Approaches to Management

50

(5)

Administrative Management and Organizational Structure

55

(1)

Centralization and Integration

56

(5)

Efficiency: The Key Measure of Success

61

(2)

Democratic Administration

63

(2)

Conclusion

65

(1)

References

65

(2)

4 THE RATIONAL MODEL OF ORGANIZATION

67

(21)

A Science of Human Behavior 67

68

(5)

The Generic Approach to Administration

The Proverbs of Administration 69

73

(4)

The Rational Model of Administration

Decision Making and Policy Formulation

77

(5)

Closed Systems versus Open Systems

82

(5)

Conclusion

87

(1)

References

87

(1)

5 ORGANIZATIONAL HUMANISM AND THE NEW PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

88

(23)

Themes in Organizational Humanism

89

(4)

Personality and Organization

93

(4)

Organization Development in the Public Sector

97

(4)

The New Public Administration

101

(7)

Conclusion

108

(1)

References

109

(2)

6 THE POLICY EMPHASIS AND THE NEW PUBLIC MANAGEMENT

111

(36)

Development of the Public Policy Orientation

112

(3)

Responsiveness in Public Policy

115

(10)

Effectiveness in Public Policy

125

(2)

The Discovery of Policy Implementation

127

(4)

Methods of Policy Analysis

131

(1)

The Intellectual Crisis

132

(4)

The New Public Management

136

(8)

Conclusion

144

(1)

References

144

(3)

7 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND THE NEW PUBLIC SERVICE

147

(39)

A Critique of the Rational Model

149

(5)

Interpretive/Action Theory

154

(3)

The Active-Social Paradigm

157

(2)

Critical Social Theory

159

(6)

Postmodernism and Discourse Theory

165

(7)

The New Public Service

172

(10)

Outlining the New Public Service 179

Conclusion

182

(1)

References

183

(3)

8 THE PRACTITIONER AS THEORIST

186

(13)

Theories and Theory Building

187

(3)

Toward Theories of Public Organization

190

(3)

Organizational and Personal Learning

193

(3)

A New Role for Theorists

196

(1)

Conclusion

196

(2)

References

198

(1)

APPENDIX: THE ADMINISTRATIVE JOURNAL

199

(10)

The Journal Format

201

(2)

Working in the Administrative Journal

203

(2)

Examples of Journal Entries

205

(4)

CREDITS

209

(2)

NAME INDEX

211

(3)

SUBJECT INDEX

214

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Theories of Public Organization

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