Theory and Design in Counseling and

This introduction to the practice of psychotherapy covers the major theories currently in use, discusses the concepts, and relates them to every day practice in the helping professions. The author employs a student-friendly tone to explain the complexities of each theory, provides examples to clarify abstract ideas, and focuses on the positive psychology aspects within the theories discussed. In addition, one full chapter covers the transpersonal psychological theories exemplified in the therapeutic use of yoga, meditation, and exercise.

Preface

xi

Effective Ingredients of Counseling and Psychotherapy

1

(19)

What Do You Bring to Therapy?

2

(5)

Common Factors in Psychotherapy and Counseling

7

(1)

Three Shared Components

8

(3)

Contributions to a Good Outcome

11

(4)

The Common Factors Versus Empirically Supported Therapies Debate

15

(5)

References

18

(2)

Theory and Case Analysis

20

(22)

Beyond Trial and Error

22

(2)

How Theory Connects with Case Conceptualization

24

(1)

Kelly's Theory of Personal Constructs

25

(4)

Seven Practical Aids for Case Conceptualization

29

(3)

Diagnosis, the DSM-IV-TR, and Theory

32

(5)

Observation and Inference in Case Analysis

37

(5)

Library, Media, and Internet Activities

40

(1)

References

40

(2)

Ethics in Psychotherapy, Counseling, and Research

42

(26)

Codes of Ethics

43

(1)

How Professionals Know Their Ethical Responsibilities

44

(1)

Five General Principles for Ethical Practice

44

(3)

Profile of an Ethicist: Ken Pope

47

(1)

Ethics in Daily Practice

48

(11)

Ethical Dilemmas: Safeguarding Your Decisions Step by Step

59

(1)

Culturally Sensitive Counseling

60

(8)

Library, Media, and Internet Activities

65

(1)

References

66

(2)

Psychoanalytical and Psychodynamic Approaches

68

(46)

A Selection from Sigmund Freud's The Interpretation of Dreams

69

(1)

An Introduction to Psychodynamic Thought

70

(2)

Other Common Themes in Psychoanalytical and Psychodynamic Theories

72

(3)

Profile of a Theorist: Sigmund Freud

75

(2)

Essential Concepts of Psychoanalytical and Psychodynamic Theories

77

(11)

Jungian Psychology

88

(2)

The Therapeutic Process

90

(6)

Customary Techniques

96

(4)

Uses of Psychodynamic Approaches

100

(3)

Case Conceptualization: An Example

103

(4)

Critiques of Psychodynamic Approaches

107

(7)

Key Terms

110

(1)

Library, Media, and Internet Activities

111

(1)

References

111

(3)

Adlerian Psychology

114

(32)

A Selection from Alfred Adler's Understanding Human Nature

115

(2)

Profile of a Theorist: Alfred Adler

117

(1)

Essential Concepts in Adlerian Approaches

118

(7)

The Therapeutic Process

125

(1)

Basic Mistakes

126

(1)

Features of Adlerian Therapy

127

(5)

Customary Techniques

132

(5)

Uses of Adlerian Therapy

137

(2)

Case Conceptualization: An Example

139

(3)

Critiques of Adlerian Psychology

142

(4)

Key Terms

143

(1)

Library, Media, and Internet Activities

144

(1)

References

144

(2)

Humanistic Approaches and Their Existentialist Roots

146

(47)

A Selection from Carl Rogers's On Becoming a Person

147

(2)

Profile of a Theorist: Carl Rogers

149

(2)

The Humanistic Approach

151

(1)

An Introduction to Existentialist Thought

151

(3)

Profile of a Theorist: Rollo May

154

(6)

Essential Concepts in Existentialist and Humanist Psychology

160

(12)

The Therapeutic Process

172

(3)

Customary Techniques of Existential and Humanistic Therapy

175

(7)

Uses of Existential/Humanistic Therapy

182

(3)

Case Conceptualization: An Example

185

(2)

Critiques of Existential and Humanistic Approaches

187

(6)

Key Terms

189

(1)

Library, Media, and Internet Activities

190

(1)

References

190

(3)

Gestalt Therapy

193

(41)

A Selection from Fritz Perls's The Gestalt Approach

194

(2)

An Introduction to Gestalt Therapy

196

(4)

Essential Concepts in Gestalt Therapy

200

(5)

The Therapeutic Process

205

(2)

Profile of a Theorist: Fritz Perls

207

(2)

Techniques of Gestalt Therapy

209

(9)

Uses of Gestalt Therapy

218

(4)

Case Conceptualization: Two Examples

222

(6)

Critiques of Gestalt Therapy

228

(6)

Key Terms

231

(1)

Library, Media, and Internet Activities

231

(1)

References

232

(2)

Behavioral Therapies

234

(267)

A Selection from B. F. Skinner's ``How to Discover What You Have to Say---A Talk to Students''

235

(3)

An Introduction to Behavioral Therapy

238

(2)

Essential Concepts in Behavioral Therapy

240

(4)

Profile of a Theorist: B. F. Skinner

244

(6)

The Therapeutic Process

250

(12)

Customary Techniques and Uses of Behavior Therapy

262

(13)

Case Conceptualization: An Example

275

(4)

Critiques of Behavior Therapy

279

(212)

Key Terms

281

(1)

Library, Media, and Internet Activities

282

(2)

References

284

(207)

Questions to Ask Yourself

491

(3)

Case Conceptualization: Technical Eclecticism Practice

494

(3)

Theory, Research, and Your Future

497

(4)

Key Terms

498

(1)

References

498

(3)

Credits

501

(2)

Name Index

503

(8)

Subject Index

511

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Theory and Design in Counseling and Psychotherapy

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