Treatment of Cerebral Palsy and Motor Delay

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ISBN: 9781405176163 | 1405176164
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 3/8/2010

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Treatment of Cerebral Palsy and Motor Delay is first and foremost a practical book, a distillation of Sophie Levitt's considerable experience in treating those affected by cerebral palsy.This fifth edition outlines therapeutic approaches and suggests treatment and management options, providing a wealth of practical information, supported by clear diagrams and photographs, on assessment, management and treatment. The book emphasises an eclectic, holistic approach, and integrates current ideas on motor control and motor learning in a further development of Levitt's Collaborative Learning Approach. This new edition provides greater commentary on evidence-based practice, as well as practical, updated information on the use of Botulinum Toxin, orthopaedic surgery and the therapist's role following these procedures.The book is aimed primarily at practitioners and students concerned with the developmental abilities and difficulties of children, particularly physiotherapists and occupational therapists working in paediatrics. Doctors and other healthcare professionals will also find useful insights in the book. Parents, families and also teachers of people with cerebral palsy can learn more about therapy by consulting the book together with their therapist.

Foreword	p. vi
Preface	p. vii
Acknowledgements	p. xi
The clinical picture for therapy and management	p. 1
The motor dysfunction	p. 1
Associated impairments and disabilities	p. 2
Aetiology	p. 3
Clinical picture and development	p. 3
Classification	p. 5
Spastic cerebral palsy	p. 6
Athetoid (dyskinetic, dystonic) cerebral palsy	p. 8
Ataxic cerebral palsy	p. 9
Common features in all types of cerebral palsies	p. 10
Motor delay	p. 11
Principles of learning and therapy	p. 12
Summary	p. 13
A collaborative learning approach	p. 15
Working with parents	p. 15
Collaboration with other adults	p. 16
The collaborative learning approach	p. 17
Opportunities to discover what parents and child want to achieve	p. 18
Opportunities to clarify what is needed for these achievements, to recognise what they already know and can do and to find out what they still need to learn and do	p. 19
Participation in the selection and use of methods	p. 21
Participation in the evaluation of progress	p. 23
Parent-child interaction	p. 24
Helping a child to learn motor control	p. 25
Observation of parent and child interaction	p. 25
Emotional support	p. 26
Parents' health	p. 27
Teamwork with parents	p. 27
Siblings	p. 29
Records	p. 29
Alternative and complementary treatments	p. 30
Contraindications	p. 31
Summary	p. 31
Outline of treatment approaches	p. 34
Muscle education and braces	p. 34
Progressive pattern movements	p. 36
Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitations (PNF)	p. 37
Neuromotor development	p. 38
Neurodevelopmental treatment (Bobath approach)	p. 39
Sensory stimulation for activation and inhibition	p. 40
Reflex creeping and other reflex reactions	p. 40
Conductive education	p. 41
Sensory integration	p. 42
Adjuncts to therapy	p. 42
Systems-based task-oriented approach	p. 46
Mobility opportunities via education (MOVE)	p. 47
Contemporary theories	p. 47
Evidence-based practice	p. 51
Research and clinical studies	p. 51
Research on treatment approaches	p. 51
Theoretical grounds	p. 51
Research studies	p. 52
Reviews of research studies	p. 52
Studies of specific treatment systems	p. 53
Research on specific procedures	p. 54
Other research	p. 54
Clinical experience with evidence-based practice	p. 55
The appraisal of research studies for therapy	p. 57
Synthesis of treatment systems	p. 61
The eclectic viewpoint in therapy	p. 61
Synthesis of treatment systems	p. 62
The postural mechanisms	p. 63
Voluntary motion	p. 65
Perceptual-motor function	p. 66
principles for a synthesis of therapy systems	p. 67
Developmental training	p. 67
Treatment of abnormal tone	p. 71
Training of movement patterns	p. 73
Use of afferent stimuli	p. 73
Management of deformity	p. 75
Learning motor function	p. 76
Learning methods	p. 77
The development of a child's attention and learning	p. 79
Practical ideas to promote attention and learning	p. 79
Learning a motor function	p. 79
A child's own goals and strategies	p. 80
Task analysis	p. 81
Cues for learning	p. 81
Verbal guidance	p. 83
Rewards	p. 84
Practice and experience	p. 84
Summary	p. 85
The older person with cerebral palsy	p. 86
Role of the physiotherapist and occupational therapist	p. 87
Studies of function	p. 87
Issues of concern in the older person	p. 88
Motor abilities and-self-care activities	p. 89
Deformities	p. 90
Healthy lifestyle	p. 92
Develop appropriate community mobility	p. 93
Training of self-care and cosmetic appearance	p. 93
Knowledge about the condition	p. 93
Therapeutic motor activities	p. 94
Measures	p. 94
Assessment for therapy and daily function	p. 95
Approach to assessment	p. 95
Assessment and measurements	p. 98
Specific functional items	p. 109
Measures of upper extremity and hand function	p. 110
Methods of observation of gait	p. 112
Grading in assessments	p. 113
Additional assessment required	p. 114
Records	p. 123
Summary	p. 124
Treatment procedures and management	p. 125
Motor training	p. 125
Motor development and the child with severe visual impairment	p. 129
Prone development	p. 134
Supine development	p. 154
Development of sitting	p. 167
Development of standing and walking	p. 195
Abnormal postures in standing	p. 201
Lower limb orthoses for standing and walking	p. 224
Development of hand function	p. 233
Motor function and the child's daily life	p. 260
Motor function in feeding, dressing, toileting, washing, bathing, play and communication	p. 260
Motor function and perception	p. 262
Motor function and communication, speech and language	p. 264
Development of communication - brief summary	p. 264
Development of feeding - brief summary	p. 266
Development of dressing - brief summary	p. 272
Development of play - brief outline	p. 273
Techniques for carrying the child correctly	p. 273
Management of deformity	p. 275
Causes of deformities and aims of therapy and management	p. 276
Deformities and gait	p. 282
Therapy and daily care	p. 285
Review of deformities	p. 296
Arm deformity	p. 303
Deformities of trunk and neck	p. 303
General considerations related to surgery	p. 304
Pre-operative physiotherapy	p. 304
Post-operative physiotherapy and care	p. 304
Therapeutic group work	p. 306
General management of groups	p. 308
Selection of children	p. 308
The programme	p. 310
Summary	p. 311
Developmental levels	p. 312
Physical ability assessment guide	p. 314
Prone	p. 314
Supine	p. 314
Sitting	p. 314
Standing and walking	p. 315
Wheelchair use	p. 316
Equipment	p. 317
Basic equipment	p. 317
Aids to activities of daily living	p. 320
General	p. 321
References	p. 322
Index	p. 340
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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Treatment of Cerebral Palsy and Motor Delay

Summary

Author Biography

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Treatment of Cerebral Palsy and Motor Delay

Summary

Author Biography

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