Turfgrass Science and Management

Turfgrass Science and Management, 3E is a comprehensive text covering the entire spectrum of turfgrass management. Readers will find updated information and illustrations that reflect the latest trends in the industry. A detailed treatment of vertebrate pest management has been added, as well as chapters on integrated pest management and golf course management, which reflect the growing interest in these areas. An appendix of related Web sites will help readers expand their research capabilities.

Preface

xi

Acknowledgments

xv

The Turfgrass Industry

1

(14)

Introduction

1

(1)

A Brief History of the Turfgrass Industry

2

(2)

Why Turfgrasses Are So Popular

4

(2)

Career Opportunities

6

(4)

The Turfgrass Manager

10

(5)

Introduction to Turfgrasses

15

(24)

Classification

15

(2)

Plant Growth

17

(6)

Plant Structures

23

(9)

Measuring Turf Quality

32

(5)

Levels of Maintenance

37

(2)

Warm Season Grasses

39

(23)

Introduction

39

(3)

Warm Season Turfgrasses

42

(14)

Use of Cool Season Grasses in the Warm Season Zone

56

(1)

Turfgrass Selection

57

(5)

Cool Season Grasses

62

(24)

Introduction

62

(1)

Cool Season Turfgrasses

63

(19)

Turfgrass Selection

82

(4)

Introduction to Soils

86

(14)

Introduction

86

(1)

Soil Properties: Texture

87

(8)

Soil Properties: Structure

95

(1)

Soil Depth

96

(2)

Organic Soils

98

(2)

Soil Modification

100

(15)

Introduction

100

(1)

Complete Modification

101

(1)

Partial Modification

102

(6)

Improving Drainage

108

(7)

Soil Chemistry

115

(15)

Introduction

115

(1)

Soil Fertility

115

(4)

Soil Reaction

119

(8)

Salted Soils

127

(3)

Soil Testing

130

(11)

Introduction

130

(1)

Collecting a Soil Sample

130

(5)

Soil Testing

135

(4)

Tissue Testing

139

(2)

Establishment

141

(35)

Introduction

141

(1)

Species and Cultivar Selection

142

(4)

Site Preparation

146

(3)

Planting

149

(1)

Establishment by Seed

150

(14)

Vegetative Establishment

164

(10)

Winter Overseeding

174

(2)

Fertilization

176

(19)

Introduction

176

(1)

Fertilizer

177

(3)

Nitrogen

180

(6)

Potassium

186

(1)

Phosphorus

186

(2)

Fertilizer Programs

188

(3)

Application Methods

191

(3)

Fertilizer Burn

194

(1)

Mowing

195

(26)

Introduction

195

(2)

Mowing Height

197

(4)

Mowing Frequency

201

(2)

Types of Mowers

203

(10)

Mowing Pattern

213

(1)

Clippings

214

(3)

Mower Safety

217

(1)

Chemical Mowing

218

(3)

Water and Irrigation

221

(25)

Introduction

221

(1)

Turfgrass and Water

221

(2)

Soil and Water

223

(3)

Irrigation

226

(8)

Irrigation Systems

234

(10)

Limiting Water Use

244

(1)

Wetting Agents

245

(1)

Pesticides

246

(21)

Introduction

246

(1)

Types of Pesticides

247

(2)

Pesticide Formulations

249

(5)

The Fate of Pesticides

254

(2)

Pesticide Toxicity

256

(3)

Pesticide Applicator Certification

259

(1)

The Pesticide Label

260

(2)

Pesticide Safety

262

(3)

Pesticide Poisoning

265

(1)

Pesticide Application Equipment

265

(2)

Weeds

267

(20)

Introduction

267

(3)

Types of Weeds

270

(2)

Herbicides

272

(4)

Controlling Annual Grasses

276

(4)

Controlling Perennial Grasses

280

(2)

Controlling Broadleaf Weeds

282

(3)

Rules for Applying Herbicides to Control Broadleaf Weeds

285

(2)

Insects

287

(24)

Introduction

287

(3)

Root-Feeding Insects

290

(7)

Leaf and Stem Feeders

297

(7)

Other Insect Pests

304

(1)

Control

304

(7)

Turfgrass Diseases

311

(27)

Introduction

311

(1)

Fungal Pathogens

312

(2)

Disease Identification

314

(13)

Disease Control

327

(6)

Other Types of Pathogens

333

(5)

Integrated Pest Management

338

(18)

Introduction

338

(1)

What Is Integrated Pest Management?

339

(1)

Components of an IPM Program

339

(12)

Putting It All Together---Two Examples

351

(4)

Conclusion

355

(1)

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Turfgrass Science and Management

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials