Tuskegee's Truths: Rethinking the Tuskegee

This collection definitively documents the infamous Tuskegee syphilis study--one of the most egregious examples of arrogance, racism, & duplicity in American medical research--and examines its influence in American culture.

Foreword

xi

James H. Jones

Preface

xv

Allan M. Brandt

Larry R. Churchill

Acknowledgments

xvii

Introduction. More Than a Metaphor: An Overview of the Scholarship of the Study

1

(14)

Susan M. Reverby

PART I. OVERVIEW

Racism and Research: The Case of the Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment

15

(19)

Allan M. Brandt

Events in the Tuskegee Syphilis Project: A Timeline

34

(7)

Susan E. Bell

PART II. CONTEMPORARY BACKGROUND

The Shadow of the Plantation: Survival

41

(18)

Charles S. Johnson

Shadow on the Land: Syphilis, the White Man's Burden

59

(14)

Thomas Parran

PART III. DOCUMENTING THE ISSUES

Selected Letters between the United States Public Health Service, the Macon County Health Department, and the Tuskegee Institute, 1932--1972

73

(43)

Syphilis Victims in U.S. Study Went Untreated for 40 Years

116

(3)

Jean Heller

Untreated Syphilis in the Male Negro: Mortality during Twelve Years of Observation

119

(6)

J.R. Heller

P.T. Bruyere

Twenty Years of Followup Experience in a Long-Range Medical Study

125

(7)

Eunice V. Rivers

Interview with Four Survivors, United States Department of Health, Education and Welfare Study, 1973

132

(4)

Testimony by Four Survivors from the United States Senate Hearings on Human Experimentation, 1973

136

(14)

Testimony by Peter Buxton from the United States Senate Hearings on Human Experimentation, 1973

150

(7)

Selections from the Final Report of the Ad Hoc Tuskegee Syphilis Study Panel, Department of Health, Education and Welfare, 1973

157

(36)

PART IV. THE QUESTION OF TREATMENT

The Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis

193

(9)

R.H. Kampmeier

The Contribution of the Tuskegee Study to Medical Knowledge

202

(11)

Charles J. McDonald

The ``Tuskegee Study'' of Syphilis: Analysis of Moral versus Methodologic Aspects

213

(23)

Thomas Benedek

Non-Random Events

236

(15)

Barbara Rosenkrantz

PART V. HISTORICAL RECONSIDERATION

The Rhetoric of Dehumanization: An Analysis of Medical Reports of the Tuskegee Syphilis Project

251

(15)

Martha Solomon [Watson]

The Tuskegee Syphilis Study in the Context of American Medical Research

266

(10)

Susan Lederer

A Case Study in Historical Relativism: The Tuskegee (Public Health Service) Syphilis Study

276

(23)

John C. Fletcher

The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment: Biotechnology and the Administrative State

299

(22)

Benjamin Roy

PART VI. RETHINKING THE ROLE OF NURSE RIVERS

An Interview with Nurse Rivers

321

(19)

Helen Dibble

Daniel Williams

Your Silence Will Not Protect You: Nurse Rivers and the Tuskegee Syphilis Study

340

(8)

Evelynn M. Hammonds

Neither Victim nor Villain: Eunice Rivers and Public Health Work

348

(17)

Susan L. Smith

Rethinking the Tuskegee Syphilis Study: Nurse Rivers, Silence, and the Meaning of Treatment

365

(21)

Susan M. Reverby

Reflections on Nurse Rivers

386

(13)

Darlene Clark Hine

PART VII. THE LEGACY OF TUSKEGEE

Proper Uses and Abuses of the Health Care Delivery System for Minorities, with Special Reference to the Tuskegee Syphilis Study

399

(5)

Vernal G. Cave

The Tuskegee Syphilis Study, 1932--1972: Implications for HIV Education and AIDS Risk Education Programs in the Black Community

404

(14)

Stephen B. Thomas

Sandra Crouse Quinn

When Evil Intrudes

418

(6)

Arthur L. Caplan

The Dangers of Difference

424

(7)

Patricia A. King

Under the Shadow of Tuskegee: African Americans and Health Care

431

(12)

Vanessa Northington Gamble

Selections from the United States Senate Committee Hearings for the Nomination of Dr. Henry Foster for Surgeon General of the United States, May 1995

443

(14)

Families Emerge as Silent Victims of Tuskegee Syphilis Experiments

457

(6)

Carol Kaesuk Yoon

PART VIII. KEY ACTORS RETHINK THE STUDY

Summary of Ad Hoc Committee to Consider the Tuskegee Study, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, February 6, 1969

463

(10)

The Lawsuit

473

(16)

Fred Gray

Outside the Community

489

(6)

Harold Edgar

Venereal Disease Control by Health Departments in the Past: Lessons for the Present

495

(12)

John C. Cutler

R.C. Arnold

The Infamous Tuskegee Syphilis Study

507

(1)

George A. Silver

Dr. Cutler's Response

508

(1)

John C. Cutler

Deadly Medicine

509

(18)

Tom Junod

PART IX. IMAGINING THE TUSKEGEE SYPHILIS STUDY

Selections from Miss Evers' Boys

527

(25)

David Feldshuh

Tuskegee Experiment

552

(2)

Sadiq

Civil Servant

554

(5)

Essex Hemphill

PART X. APOLOGY AND BEYOND

Legacy Committee Request

559

(8)

Statement of Attorney Fred Gray

567

(5)

Herman Shaw's Remarks

572

(2)

President William J. Clinton's Remarks

574

(4)

The Ethics of Clinical Research in the Third World

578

(6)

Marcia Angell

Ethical Complexities of Conducting Research in Developing Countries

584

(5)

Harold Varmus

David Satcher

Uses and Abuses of Tuskegee

589

(16)

Amy L. Fairchild

Ronald Bayer

A Guide to Further Reading

605

(10)

Index

615

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Tuskegee's Truths: Rethinking the Tuskegee Syphilis Study

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Table of Contents

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