A United Kingdom? Economic, Social and

Regional inequality within the UK is an unresolved issue that has triggered much debate over the years. This new book looks at the current situation and examines the effects that such reshaping forces as globalization, the changing character of state intervention, changing relationships with Europe, and enduring institutional features of the British economy and polity have had on spatial patterns of uneven development.

John Mohan is Reader in Geography at the University of Portsmouth.

Figures

viii

Tables

ix

Preface

x

Acknowledgements

xii

Cartographies and Geographies

1

(19)

Introduction

1

(2)

Cartographies: representing regional inequality

3

(6)

Geographies: explaining uneven development

9

(8)

Outline of the book

17

(3)

A Place in the World I

20

(14)

Introduction

20

(1)

Mapping the British disease: accounts of economic decline

21

(5)

Globalisation of the economy

26

(2)

Geographies of identity and citizenship

28

(4)

Concluding comments

32

(2)

The Reconfiguration of State Intervention

34

(12)

Introduction

34

(1)

Thatcherism and Majorism: from one nation to two, 1979--1997

35

(5)

Blaijorism, the Blair government and the `third way'

40

(3)

The changing nature of the state

43

(2)

Summary

45

(1)

Geographies of Production I: Deindustrialisation and Reindustrialisation

46

(18)

Introduction

46

(1)

Deindustrialisation in context

47

(2)

Key dimensions of industrial change: geographical perspectives

49

(13)

Concluding comments

62

(2)

Geographies of Production II: Sunbelts and New Industrial Spaces?

64

(20)

Introduction

64

(1)

High technology industry

65

(4)

Diffusing an enterprise culture? Geographies of new enterprise formation

69

(4)

Services, space and regional development

73

(7)

Conclusions: new industrial spaces?

80

(4)

Geographies of Labour Markets: Flexibility and Fragmentation

84

(17)

Introduction

84

(1)

Promoting flexibility in contemporary Britain

85

(1)

Forms of flexibility and risk

86

(8)

Labour market segmentation and exclusion

94

(3)

Regulating labour markets

97

(2)

Concluding comments

99

(2)

Geographies of Money and Finance

101

(14)

Introduction: from incomes to institutions

101

(4)

Getting and spending: geographies of taxation and public expenditure

105

(3)

Hidden regional policies: the spatial impact of non-spatial programmes

108

(2)

Geographies of private financial institutions

110

(3)

Alternative geographies of money

113

(2)

Class, Geography and Social Polarisation

115

(20)

Introduction

115

(1)

Debates in class theory

116

(4)

Class and space: the service class and the `underclass'

120

(5)

Social polarisation, social segregation and social exclusion

125

(6)

Consequences and costs of social polarisation

131

(4)

Spatial Divisions of Welfare

135

(18)

Introduction

135

(1)

Space and social policy: responding to uneven socio-economic landscapes

136

(2)

Restructuring the welfare state, 1979-1998

138

(10)

Future scenarios for the welfare state

148

(2)

Concluding comments

150

(3)

Place and Political Mobilisation

153

(15)

Introduction

153

(1)

Analysing electoral geography: does place matter?

154

(6)

Nationalist movements

160

(4)

Environmentalism and green politics

164

(2)

Concluding comments

166

(2)

Subnational Government in the UK: Reconciling Function, Area and Local Democracy

168

(12)

Introduction

168

(1)

From local government to local governance

169

(1)

Central-local relations since 1979: centralisation, abolition and local government reform

170

(5)

Local governance: the unelected state, quangos and public--private partnerships

175

(1)

Regionalism and devolution

176

(3)

Conclusions

179

(1)

Managing Uneven Development: Philosophies, Policies and Impacts

180

(19)

Introduction

180

(1)

A brief history of spatial policy

180

(4)

The demise of conventional regional policy

184

(3)

Creating spaces for enterprise

187

(2)

Economic localism

189

(2)

Reorienting urban policy: market-led programmes and their limitations

191

(2)

Reviving the case for regional development agencies

193

(2)

The future of regional policy: theory led by policy, or policy led by theory?

195

(4)

Sustainable Geographies?

199

(17)

Introduction

199

(2)

Urbanisation and planning

201

(5)

Transport and sustainability

206

(3)

A green and sustainable land? Agriculture, pollution and biodiversity

209

(4)

Towards sustainable geographies?

213

(3)

A Place in the World II: Millennial Prospects, Millenarian Visions

216

(7)

Informational capitalism

216

(2)

Risk

218

(1)

New Labour, new geographies?

218

(2)

National identity, European integration and the nation-state

220

(3)

Bibliography

223

(22)

Index

245

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A United Kingdom? Economic, Social and Political Geographies

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials