Urbanization and Growth

- Why is productivity higher in cities?- Does urbanization cause growth or does growth cause urbanization?- Do countries achieve rapid growth or high incomeswithout urbanization?- How can policy makers reap the benefits of urbanization withoutpaying too high a cost?- Does supporting urbanization imply neglecting rural areas?- Why do so few governments welcome urbanization?- What should governments do to improve housing conditionsin cities as they urbanize?- Are innovations in housing finance a blessing or a cursefor developing countries?- How will governments finance the trillions of dollars of infrastructurespending needed for cities in developing countries?First in a series of thematic volumes, this book was prepared for theCommission on Growth and Development to evaluate the state ofknowledge of the relationship between urbanization and economicgrowth. It does not pretend to provide all the answers, but it does identifyinsights and policy levers to help countries make urbanization workas part of a national growth strategy. It examines a variety of topics: therelevance and policy implications of recent advances in urban economicsfor developing countries, the role of economic geography in globaleconomic trends and trade patterns, the impacts of urbanization on spatialinequality within countries, and alternative approaches to financingthe substantial infrastructure investments required in developing-countrycities.Written by prominent academics in their fields, Urbanization andGrowth seeks to create a better understanding of the role of urbanizationin growth and to inform policy makers tackling the formidable challengesit poses.

Preface	p. ix
Workshop Participants	p. xvii
Chapter Summaries	p. xix
About the Editors and Contributors	p. xxiii
Acknowledgments	p. xxvii
Abbreviations	p. xxix
Urbanization and Growth: Setting the Context	p. 1
Rethinking Economic Growth in a Globalizing World: An Economic Geography Lens	p. 47
Are Cities Engines of Growth and Prosperity for Developing Countries?	p. 67
Urbanization, Agglomeration, and Economic Development	p. 115
Spatial Inequality and Economic Development: Theories, Facts, and Policies	p. 133
Housing Policy in Developing Countries: The Importance of the Informal Economy	p. 167
The U.S. Subprime Mortgage Crisis: Issues Raised and Lessons Learned	p. 197
Index	p. 237
Boxes
The Role of Finance in Cleaning Up Britain's "Killer Cities" in the 19th Century	p. 10
How Baron Haussman Financed the Modernization of Paris	p. 29
Figures
Urbanization and Per Capita GDP across Countries, 2000 (1996 dollars)	p. 3
Urbanization and Per Capita GDP in the United States, 1880-2006	p. 4
Urbanization and Per Capita GDP in China, 1960-2004	p. 5
Rural Population in China and India, 1980-2006	p. 5
Per Capita Income in China and India, 1980-2006	p. 5
Urbanization and Per Capita GDP in Brazil, 1960-2003	p. 6
Urbanization and Per Capita GDP in Kenya, 1960-2003	p. 7
Urban and Rural Poverty Headcount in East Asia, 1993-2002	p. 9
Per Capita GDP, Urban Share of Population, and Poverty Headcount in East Asia, 1993-2002	p. 9
Urban and Rural Poverty Headcount in Sub-Saharan Africa, 1993-2002	p. 9
Per Capita GDP, Urban Share of Population, and Poverty Headcount in Sub-Saharan Africa, 1993-2002	p. 9
Growth Rates in Agriculture, Manufacturing, and Service Sectors in Selected High-Growth Economies	p. 12
Income Advantages of Coastal Metropolitan Regions in China, 2000	p. 17
Estimated Rural-Urban Migration Rates in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, 1960s-1980s	p. 21
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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Urbanization and Growth

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