Venice

, by Chambers, David; Pullan, Brian; Fletcher, Jennifer

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ISBN: 9780802084248 | 0802084249
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 3/1/2001

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This work presents important sources ? many previously unpublished in any language, and almost none previously available in English ? for the history of the city-state of Venice from its zenith to its decline.

Preface

xvi

Acknowledgements

xix

List of Abbreviations

xxi

List of Contributors

xxii

List of Illustrations

xxiv

PART I GENERAL DESCRIPTIONS

(36)

Praise of the city of Venice, 1493

(17)

A pilgrim's impressions, 1480

(2)

Sansovino on building-materials and techniques

(3)

The English ambassador's notes, 1612

(5)

The dominions of the Venetian Republic: a report by the Spanish ambassador, c.1618

(6)

PART II AUTHORITY AND GOVERNMENT

(48)

'An Infinitie of Officers': Theory, Description and Panegyric

(2)

Contarini's picture of perfection: the Senate

(2)

The Signoria `in Pien Collegio'

(2)

The Doge

(6)

Death and election of a Doge noted by a visiting pilgrim, 1462

(1)

Some restrictive obligations in the promissione of Doge Moro, 1462

(3)

Publication of the new Doge, 1474: an eyewitness report

(1)

Ceremonial dignity: the Doge's procession

(1)

Elder statesmen: the Procurators of St Mark's

(1)

Watchdogs and public prosecutors: the Avogadori di Comun, 1515

(1)

The Courts of the Forty

(1)

State security and arbitrary power: the Council of Ten

(3)

`A very severe magistracy'

(2)

Special duties and official secrecy

(1)

The Great Council: procedure and function

(2)

Order of seating

(1)

Procedure in election of office-holders

(1)

The Chancery

(2)

Florentine admiration for Venice's system of government

(2)

Public spectacle

(5)

The Corpus Christi procession, 1533

(1)

Temporary architecture for the reception of Henri III, King of France, at the Lido, 1574

(2)

Defects, Corruption and Adverse Criticism

(2)

Benedetto Dei's invective against Venice, c.1472

(2)

Radical proposals (c.1500) by an aged patrician (Domenico Morosini)

(1)

Indignities of the Dogeship

(6)

The deposition of Francesco Foscari, 1457

(1)

Discord over a ducal election: `old and new' families, 1486

(1)

Financial abuses of Agostino Barbarigo: investigations in 1501

(2)

Leonardo Loredan's want of leadership in the war crisis, 1509

(1)

Alvise Mocenigo, scapegoat for misfortunes, 1577

(1)

Demagogic tendencies: Marino Grimani's election, 1595

(1)

Corrupt practices

(3)

Broglio: a curse or a blessing?

(1)

Fraudulent voting in the Great Council, 1519

(1)

Misconduct and fraud, 1620

(1)

Breaches of official secrecy

(1)

Reports in 1481

(1)

Institution of the Inquisitori di Stato, 1539

(1)

Opposition in the 1580s

(4)

Powers of the Council of Ten reduced by the younger patricians, 1583

(2)

Open government versus restricted government, 1589

(1)

A preacher criticizes the government, 1584

(1)

PART III LAW, ORDER AND SOCIAL POLICY

(46)

Crime and Punishment

(1)

Crimes of violence and their punishment

(3)

The Lords or Officials of the Night

(1)

Ritual execution of an alleged rapist and robber, 1513

(1)

Homicide mitigated by insanity: a special case, 1553-4

(1)

Crimes of state

(6)

An imprisoned foreign agent petitions for clemency, 1497

(1)

Execution of a Chancery secretary for breaking official secrets, 1498

(1)

Antonio Grimani on trial, 1500

(2)

The crime and punishment of Gabriel Emo, 1584-5

(2)

Opinions about judicial and penal administration

(8)

Imprisonment and execution in the 1480s

(2)

A Welsh visitor's comments, 1549

(1)

The case for convict oarsmen, c. 1553-4

(3)

Judges and advocates: a Florentine opinion, c.1569

102

(1)

A papal nuncio's comments on the judicial administration of Venice, c.1580

102

(3)

The Regulation of Society

105

(1)

Food for the city

105

(8)

Against bad flour, 1484, 1494

106

(1)

Growth of population and shortages of food, 1540

107

(1)

Famine and tumult in Venice, 1569-70

108

(5)

The struggle against plague

113

(7)

The plague and the pesthouses, 1464, 1468

114

(1)

The plague orders of 1541

115

(2)

The plague of 1575-7

117

(3)

The defence of morality

120

(11)

The Rialto brothel and the regulation of prostitution, 1460

120

(3)

Sexual dissimulation condemned, 1480

123

(1)

Homosexual practices unpunished, 1509

124

(2)

The regulation of prostitution, 1539

126

(1)

Prostitution and ostentation; the whore defined, 1543

127

(1)

Blasphemy: the Ave maris stella case, 1593

128

(1)

Good order and morality, 1612

128

(3)

PART IV PUBLIC AND PRIVATE WEALTH

131

(52)

Public Revenue and Expenditure

134

(2)

The valuation of houses and land, 1459

136

(1)

Levying the tenth, 1463

137

(2)

Revenues of the Venetian government in 1469

139

(4)

The sale of minor offices, 1510

143

(1)

The hazards of speculating on customs duties, 1528-9

144

(1)

Restrictions on the transfer of property to religious uses, 1536

144

(2)

Clerical taxation: the grant by Pope Paul III, 1544

146

(1)

Two mercers make a tax return, 1554

147

(1)

Revenue of the Venetian Republic in 1587, 1594 and 1602

148

(5)

Expenditure of the Venetian Republic in 1587, 1594 and 1602

153

(5)

Public Borrowing: the Monti

157

(1)

The establishment of a state loan fund, 1482

158

(2)

Investment in public loan funds and in land, 1509

160

(2)

The repayment of public debt, 1577-84

162

(5)

Commerce: Fortunes Made and Lost

166

(1)

The abundance of good things in Venice

167

(1)

In the late fifteenth century

167

(1)

In the early seventeenth century

167

(1)

The establishment of a board of trade, 1507

168

(1)

Indebtedness and business failure, c.1500

169

(2)

Nicolo Baron, Venetian citizen

169

(1)

Heinrich Stamler and brothers, German merchants

169

(2)

The activities and misfortunes of a merchant family, the Zane, 1524-50

171

(3)

Letter of a merchant in Aleppo, 1551

174

(1)

Failure of a bank, 1584

174

(1)

An agreement to establish a merchant partnership, 1596

175

(3)

Conspicuous Consumption and Styles of Living

177

(1)

A magistracy to administer sumptuary laws, 1515

178

(1)

The regulation of banquets, 1562

178

(1)

Regulation of the wearing of pearls, 1562

179

(1)

Living well: supper and conversation in Titian's house

180

(1)

Living poorly: the squalid lodgings of Anton Francesco Doni, 1550

181

(2)

PART V `THE PRESENT FACE OF RELIGION HERE'

183

(56)

The Clergy and the People

186

(1)

Elections of parish clergy, c. 1460, 1517

187

(1)

The earthquake of 1511 and the purging of sin and misbelief

188

(2)

The clergy and musicians of St Mark's, 1581, 1626

190

(3)

The churches of Venice and the education of the clergy, 1604, 1612

193

(2)

An English Protestant looks at Venetian religious life, 1608

195

(3)

Religious Houses and Reform

197

(1)

Splendour and worldliness: Santi Giovanni e Paolo in the 1480s

198

(1)

Laxity and strict observance: the reform of nunneries, 1519-21

199

(4)

Foundation of a magistracy responsible for convents, 1521

203

(1)

Abuses in the convent of San Zaccaria, 1528, 1585

204

(2)

The misconduct of nuns' servants, 1528

204

(1)

An illicit liaison between a nobleman and a nun, 1585

205

(1)

Monks, friars and nuns, c.1580

206

(4)

Fraternities of the Laity: the Scuole Grandi and Piccole

209

(1)

The rule of a lay fraternity, 1535

210

(3)

Criticism of the Scuole Grandi, 1541

213

(3)

A smith's rebellion against the Scuola Grande di San Rocco, 1555

216

(3)

Conflict and Compromise with the Holy See

218

(1)

The Interdict of Pope Sixtus IV, 1482

219

(2)

The contest for preferments, 1533

221

(2)

The Apostolic Visitation, 1580-1

223

(2)

The Interdict of Pope Paul V, 1606

225

(2)

The Jesuits, 1619

227

(2)

Heresy and Superstition

228

(1)

The appointment of three noblemen to attend the Inquisition, 1547, 1551

229

(1)

An Anabaptist synod in Venice, 1550

230

(2)

Veronese before the Inquisition, 1573

232

(4)

Magic and superstition, c.1580

236

(3)

PART VI SOCIAL ORDERS

239

(56)

The Nobility

242

(1)

The life cycle and family arrangements

243

(11)

The regulation of baptismal ceremonies, 1505

243

(1)

The registration of noble births, 1506

244

(2)

A marriage contract, 1583

246

(2)

Partial division of a fraterna, 1593

248

(1)

Clauses from the wills of a nobleman, 1606, 1611

248

(2)

A widow hands over her estate to her sons, 1613

250

(1)

Death of a patrician, 1527

251

(3)

Service to the state

254

(3)

An embassy to Spain, 1561

254

(1)

Equipping a galley during the War of Cyprus, 1570-1

255

(1)

The office of Bailo in Constantinople, 1598

256

(1)

Nobles, citizens and people in Venice, c.1618

257

(6)

The Citizenry

261

(2)

The life cycle and family arrangements

263

(5)

Pages from a family chronicle, 1456-1506

263

(3)

A merchant's child and his progress, 1509-11

266

(2)

The death and burial of a Secretary of the Council of Ten, 1524

268

(1)

The citizens, the popolo and the state

268

(4)

Nobles and citizens in Venice, 1509

268

(3)

Maximilian of Habsburg's appeal to the people of Venice, 1511

271

(1)

Service to the state

272

(4)

A secretary's career, c.1496-1516

272

(2)

Election of the Grand Chancellor, 1511

274

(1)

Losing the post of Grand Chancellor, 1581

275

(1)

Citizenship by privilege

276

(5)

Citizenship at home and abroad, 1552

276

(2)

Two citizens of Bergamo seek citizenship of Venice, 1629-30

278

(2)

Craftsmen, Boatmen and Porters

280

(1)

The craft and wares of the mercers, 1446

281

(4)

Charity, ritual and work: the charcoal-bearers, 1479

285

(1)

The boatmen of San Toma

286

(1)

The craft and the brotherhood: master bakers and German assistants, 1543

287

(2)

The protest of the Arsenal craftsmen, 1581

289

(2)

The porters at the Arsenal, 1586-8

291

(2)

Craftsmen as oarsmen: manning the reserve fleet, 1595

293

(2)

PART VII CHARITY AND THE POOR

295

(28)

The General Situation

299

(1)

The charities of Venice, 1497

299

(3)

The hospitals of Venice, c.1500

302

(1)

The general scheme for poor relief, 1529

303

(4)

The Poor in Hospital

307

(1)

An indulgence for a Venetian hospital, 1487

307

(1)

The hospital of the Incurabili, 1522, 1539

308

(2)

Chronically sick beggars are compelled to enter the hospital

308

(1)

The governing-body of the hospital

309

(1)

Foundlings and orphans

310

(4)

Adoption of a child from the foundling-hospital

310

(1)

Wages of orphans working outside the hospital of the Derelitti at Santi Giovanni e Paolo

310

(2)

Raising money by singing

312

(1)

Making sails for the Arsenal

312

(1)

Child abandonment and the hospital of the Pieta

313

(1)

Responsibilities of the Mendicanti and other hospitals, 1619

314

(2)

The House Poor and the Shamefaced Poor

316

(1)

The poor brothers of the Scuola Grande della Misericordia, 1478

316

(1)

Requests for aid from the Scuole Grandi, 1558-93

317

(3)

Antonio, shoemaker of Rio Marin

317

(2)

Filomena Stella, widow of Paulo d'Anna, formerly Guardian Grande of the Scuola Grande di San Rocco

319

(1)

The shamefaced poor, 1596

320

(3)

PART VIII `MOST OF THEIR PEOPLE ARE FOREIGNERS'

323

(30)

The Germans

328

(1)

German merchants and the exchange house, 1475

328

(1)

House rules for the new Fondaco dei Tedeschi, 1508

329

(1)

Heresy and irreligion among the Germans of Venice, c.1580

330

(1)

Auctioning the Black Eagle inn, 1630

331

(2)

The Greeks

333

(1)

The church and the Scuola at San Biagio in Castello, 1470, 1498

333

(1)

The church of San Giorgio dei Greci, 1511

334

(2)

A preacher censured for attacking the Greeks, 1596

336

(2)

`Ebrei Tedeschi': the Germanic and Italian Jews

338

(1)

The `Geto at San Hieronimo', 1516

338

(1)

The conversion of a Jew to Christianity, c.1569

339

(1)

Licence for a Jewish physician, 1589

340

(2)

Moneylending and the second-hand trade, 1624

342

(2)

'Ebrei Levantini e Ponentini': the Sephardic Jews

344

(1)

Levantine Jews and the Ghetto Vecchio, 1541

344

(1)

Motives for expelling the Marranos, 1550

345

(1)

The charter of the Jewish merchants, 1589

346

(4)

The Turks

350

(1)

House rules for the new Fondaco dei Turchi, 1621

350

(3)

PART IX CULTURAL LIFE: LEARNING AND LITERATURE, BOOK-PUBLISHING, ENTERTAINMENT

353

(32)

The Promotion of Learning and Literature

355

(2)

The origins of St Mark's library: Cardinal Bessarion's gift, 1468

357

(2)

Humanist historiography for Venice: a justification, 1487

359

(1)

The impact of printing: Aldus's workshop as an intellectual centre

360

(1)

The Rialto School of philosophy in session, 1524

361

(1)

Bembo's acknowledgement of Tuscan superiority in language

361

(1)

The establishment of schools in the sestieri, 1551

362

(2)

The Venetian Academy and its programme of universal knowledge, 1560

364

(3)

Sarpi's presence in intellectual circles, c.1600

367

(3)

The Business Organization of Early Printing and Publishing

369

(1)

A contract between two Germans to print Bibles, 1478

370

(1)

371

(1)

Two partners petition for copyright to print classical Greek authors, 1497

372

(1)

Jacopo de'Barbari's panoramic view of Venice: petition for copyright, 1500

373

(1)

Business records of Aldus Manutius and Andrea di Asola, 1500-1

373

(1)

The printing of music: a composer in search of an agent, 1536

374

(3)

Entertainment

376

(1)

The Statutes of the Modesti, a Company of the Hose, 1487

377

(3)

Comedies sponsored by a Company of the Hose during Carnival, 1525

380

(1)

Entertainment in the Doge's Palace during Carnival, 1526

380

(1)

Role reversal: masquerades during Carnival, 1533

381

(1)

Aquatic spectacle: a mock naval battle, 1530

381

(1)

Commissions for verse and music, 1534

382

(1)

Reopening of theatres after the Interdict, 1607

383

(2)

PART X THE VISUAL ARTS

385

(58)

Art for the State, Confraternities and Churches

387

(3)

Literary praise for art and artists

390

(3)

The benefits to Jacopo Sansovino of working in Venice, 1537

390

(1)

Venetian art explained to foreign visitors, 1561

391

(2)

Secular commissions and political imagery

393

(12)

Perugino's contract to paint in the Hall of the Great Council, 1494

393

(1)

The clocktower on the Piazza, 1496-1500

394

(2)

Doge Loredan's perceptions of political imagery, 1509

396

(2)

Political iconography of a flagstaff base in the Piazza, c.1542

398

(2)

A programme for redecorating the Ducal Palace after the fire of 1577

400

(1)

The ceiling-framework for the hall of the Senate, 1578-82

401

(3)

A design for the new Rialto Bridge, 1587

404

(1)

Art in the service of diplomacy

405

(3)

Mantuan artists refused permission to copy a map, 1506

405

(1)

A picture for the sister of the King of France, 1515-16

406

(2)

Art in conflict with government

408

(2)

Venetian sculptors and stonemasons object to foreign competition, 1491

408

(1)

Durer is prosecuted by the Painters' Guild, 1506

408

(1)

Control over expenditure by the Procurators of St Mark's on portraits, 1580

409

(1)

Order for the destruction of a statue at Belluno, 1623

410

(1)

Art for confraternities and churches

410

(8)

A commission from the Scuola della Carita, 1539

410

(2)

Faked mosaic work at St Mark's: Titian's evidence, 1563

412

(2)

Contract of Veronese for the refectory of San Giorgio Maggiore, 1562

414

(1)

The resolution to build the church of Santa Maria della Salute, 1630

414

(3)

Private Commissions

417

(1)

An overseas order for a devotional picture, 1473

418

(1)

Doge Agostino Barbarigo's altarpiece

418

(1)

Lotto alters a portrait to please a friend, 1542

419

(1)

Lotto paints his landlord's family, 1547

420

(1)

Sacred and profane pictures for the King of Spain, 1554

421

(1)

Doge Marino Grimani orders marble sculpture for his tomb, 1601

422

(2)

Collections, Connoisseurs and Critical Values

423

(1)

Andrea Odoni's collection, 1532

424

(3)

A problem of attribution, 1529

427

(1)

Gabriel Vendramin describes and justifies his collection, 1548

428

(1)

Architectural style for the Duke of Milan's house in Venice, 1461

429

(2)

A comparison of Giovanni Bellini with later painters

431

(1)

Aretino encourages and criticizes Tintoretto, 1548

431

(1)

Palladio criticized in a dispute with the Scuola dei Mercanti, 1572

432

(3)

Working-Practice, Technique and Style of Life

434

(1)

The property of a prosperous and literate painter, 1461

435

(2)

Durer's comments on Venetian artists, 1506

437

(1)

A painter's day-to-day expenses, 1541

438

(1)

Lotto takes an apprentice, 1548

439

(1)

The elderly Titian at work

440

(1)

A sculptor orders his own tomb, 1576

441

(2)

References

443

(17)

Glossary

460

(5)

Index

465

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Venice

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

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